PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide a critical assessment of evidence-based Korean pediatric research that can inform clinical practicability of, and future research on distraction interventions for pediatric procedural pain management. METHODS: A critical review of evidence-based Korean pediatric research was conducted. Databases were searched to identify research that included an evaluation of a distraction intervention as an intervention for pediatric procedural pain management. The search yielded 68 studies. RESULTS: From these studies, 14 were included for this review and all were recently published (2003-2014). Quasi experimental designs were most frequently used (n=12) and for 71.4% the focus was preschoolers. Audiovisual techniques were the most common form of distraction. In most studies clinical utility of the distraction intervention was not examined. Fairly consistent reductions in behavioral measures of pain in association with the distraction intervention were found but less consistent results were found for physiological measures. CONCLUSION: Lack of methodological rigor limits the evidence for distraction interventions to reduce pain and fear experienced by children during painful procedures. Further research to analyze the cost and time-effectiveness and to identify consumer and provider satisfaction with distraction interventions is needed to determine whether distraction interventions are clinically relevant.
Child* ; Humans ; Pain Management ; Research Design

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the effects of the BeHaS exercise program consisting of exercise, education, and cognitive supports on the hand strength, depression and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly people with CVA. METHOD: A quasi-experimental design with an experimental group (n=18) and a control group (n=18) was used. The elders in the experimental group participated in the program once a week for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and t-test with SPSS /Win 18.0. RESULTS: Hypothesis 1 was supported as the hand strength of the elders in experimental group significantly increased compared to those in the control group. Hypothesis 2 was also supported as depression scores for elders in the experimental group significantly decreased compared to those in the control group. Hypothesis 3 was supported as life satisfaction scores for elders in the experimental group significantly increased compared to those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the BeHaS exercise program can play a useful role in improving depression and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly people with CVA.
Aged ; Depression ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans

Bortezomib (Velcade(R)) is proteasome inhibitor that is used as a first-line therapy for multiple myeloma. It can cause gastrointestinal, hematologic, and neuromuscular side effects, and a cutaneous reaction is one of its common adverse reactions. To date, several bortezomib-induced cutaneous adverse reactions have been reported, including folliculitis-like rash, pruriginous rash, purpuric rash, mouth swelling, stomatitis-mucositis, edema in the lower limbs, telogen effluvium, and vasculitis. In the Korean literature, only one case of vasculitis has been reported earlier. Two patients have presented with multiple plaques on the trunk at our clinic. The lesions developed several days after bortezomib chemotherapy, and disappeared spontaneously in about 1 week. Herein, we report bortezomib-induced drug eruption presenting as multiple plaques on the trunk with a review of the relevant literature.
Drug Eruptions* ; Drug Therapy ; Edema ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Mouth ; Multiple Myeloma ; Proteasome Inhibitors ; Vasculitis ; Bortezomib

PURPOSE: This study was amied to identify the effects of a 12 week Korean traditional dance movement program on balance, depression, medical cost, medical institution's utilization and fall among elderly women. METHODS: Using a quasi-experimental design, the experimental group was composed of 130 subjects and the control group was composed of 123 subjects. The experimental group participated in a 12 week Korean traditional dance movement program 3 times a week from December 2002 to February 2003. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, paired t-test and t-test. RESULTS: There was siginificant improvement in balance(right leg p=.000, left leg p=.004), depression(p=.000), and the medical institution's utilization(p=.001) and fall(p=.002) in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: A Korean traditional dance movement program improved balance, depression, and decreased fall and medical cost in elderly women. Therefore, we recommend this program be utilized as a health promoting program and falls preventing program for the elderly in the community.
*Musculoskeletal Equilibrium ; Middle Aged ; Korea ; Humans ; Female ; Depressive Disorder/*psychology ; *Dance Therapy ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Accidental Falls/*prevention & control

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is one of the common chief complaints in primary care setting. It causes disability in daily activity and lowers quality of life. This study was intended to investigate the information about fatigue useful in outpatient clinic. METHODS: The data was obtained from the Korean Health and Nutrition Survey 2001. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between self- reported fatigue and several factors including sociodemographic factors, life style factors, stress, depression, and worry about health. RESULTS: The prevalence of fatigue was low in unmarried status, more significantly in men when compared with those in married status. No significant association was found between fatigue and occupation, education level, monthly income, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The risk of fatigue in the exercising group more than 4 times per week was significantly low in women. The risk of fatigue in the group of sleeping duration less than 5 hours was significantly higher than the group of sleeping more than 9 hours. Compared with unemployed state, the daily working duration of more than 9 hours increased the risk for fatigue significantly. Stress perception, sadness or depression during the past 1 year and worry about health were strongly associated with fatigue. CONCLUSION: When evaluating and managing patients with fatigue, we should search for information about the patients' lifestyle such as exercise, daily work hours, sleeping as well as stress perception and depressive mood. Especially among the lifestyle, inquiring about regular exercise and promoting it may be important in order to manage patients with fatigue.
Alcohol Drinking ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Depression ; Education ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Occupations ; Prevalence ; Primary Health Care ; Quality of Life ; Single Person ; Smoke ; Smoking

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare entity, defined as a muscle tumor in association with one or more smooth muscle tumor of the uterus and without evidence of any extra uterine primary site. The lung is the most common site of involvement,(2) and the etiology of BML remains unknown. We experienced a case of BML arising in pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes and report with a brief review of literature.
Leiomyoma ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Muscles ; Smooth Muscle Tumor ; Uterus

Purpose: To assess characteristics the application of mobile medication system and medication administration error (MAE) alerts in a general hospital. Methods: The subject hospital adopted a mobile medication system in 2016. All medication administrations in the general wards and ICUs were automatically recorded in real-time using identification barcodes, drug barcodes, and hand-held point-of-care devices. MAE alert logs were recorded from April 1st 2017 to March 31st 2018. For this study analysis was done using Pearson’s chi-squared test for potentially related factors of MAE alerts included administration time, order type, medication route, and length of nurse’s employment. Results: The total number of medications during the period of this study was 3,227,990. Among them, 2,698,317 medication doses were recorded, resulting in the system application rate of 83.6%. The system application rate was significantly correlated with all factors related to potential MAE alters. In this study 23,314 MAE alerts(0.9% of the total medication doses) were identified. The MAE alerts were related to new (OR=2.26, p<.001) and emergency (OR=2.25, p<.001) orders, and administration at a non-standard time (OR=2.032, p<.001). Medication route (p<.001), and nurse’s employment duration(p<.001) were also related. Conclusion A mobile medication system contributes to improving patient safety by preventing potential MAEs. The MAE alerts were related to administration time, order type, medication route, and duration of nurse’s employment. In order to prevent medication administration errors, it is necessary to standardize the process of medication and create an environment in which medication administration can be performed in a planned situation.

Probiotics that are able to provide beneficial effects on animal health have become important ingredients of dog foods. This study was conducted to characterize the probiotic potentials of two strains, Lactobacillus reuteri BCLR-42 and Lactobacillus plantarum BCLP-51, that were derived from feces of healthy dogs and evaluated based on tolerance to low pH and bile acid, antimicrobial activities, enzyme profiles, sensitivity to antibiotics, and innate immune enhancing potentials. Both strains showed survival of more than 90% at pH 3 and 0.2% bile acid and exhibited broad antimicrobial activities against indicator bacteria. Moreover, both strains showed high sensitivity to antibiotics, except vancomycin, metronidazole, and gentamicin. The alkaline phosphatase was negligible (score 0), whereas they showed strong beta galactosidase activity (score range 5 or 3, respectively). The phagocytosis and oxidative burst activities of canine granulocytes were significantly enhanced in response to both strains. These results show that both strains have the capability to act as probiotics and the potential for application as ingredients in dog foods.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; beta-Galactosidase ; Bile ; Dogs* ; Feces ; Gentamicins ; Granulocytes ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lactobacillus plantarum* ; Lactobacillus reuteri* ; Lactobacillus* ; Metronidazole ; Phagocytosis ; Probiotics* ; Respiratory Burst ; Vancomycin

OBJECTIVE: We performed uterine artery doppler flow velocity waveforms between 20~24 weeks of gestation to access the screening properties for predicting pregnancy-induced hypertension or intrauterine growth retardation in general population. METHODS: Total 458 normal pregnant women were enrolled in this study. The abnormal uterine artery doppler flow velocity waveforms was defined that systolic/diastolic ratio is greater than 2.6 or diastolic notch waveforms are seen. RESULTS: The incidence of PIH and IUGR among study population was 3.5% and 3.5%, respectively. The incidence of PIH in normal and abnormal uterine artery Doppler flow velocity waveforms group were 2.0% and 11.4%, and those of IUGR were 3.4% and 4.2%, respectively. The incidence PIH or IUGR among abnormal doppler group was 14.2%, which was higher than in normal group of 5.4%. This method had a sensitivity of 34.3%, a specificity of 86.1% and positive predictive value of 15.7% for the prediction of PIH and IUGR. CONCLUSION: Although abnormal uterine artery doppler flow velocity waveforms is associated with an increased risk of PIH or IUGR, the lowered positive predictability lead to apply the follow-up examination or standardization of doppler ultrasonography.
Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Incidence ; Mass Screening* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnant Women ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; Uterine Artery*

The gastrointestinal tract is commonly involved in patients with systemic sclerosis. The manifestations include motility disorder, pseudo-obstruction, malabsorption, bacterial overgrowth, diverticuli, and, less commonly, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI). PCI is characterized by the presence of air in the submucosal or subserosal layer of the bowel wall and is often accompanied by pneumoperitoneum. Although PCI is a benign condition that often responds to conservative management, it is a poor prognostic factor of systemic sclerosis. We report a case of PCI in a patient with systemic sclerosis. The chest and abdominal radiographic findings comprised pneumoperitoneum, marked dilation of the bowels, and intramural air, compatible with PCI. The patient's symptoms improved spontaneously. It is important to recognize PCI as a gastrointestinal manifestation of systemic sclerosis, and physicians should differentiate it from serious complications-such as intestinal perforation-based on clinical manifestations.
Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; Thorax