Catatracts are an infrequent but well-known complication of electrical injury, remains poorly understood. We report two cases of electric cataract with maculopathy experienced recently. The first case was a 58-year-old man who had exposed to 22000 voltage current and sustained third degree, 15% burn. 54th day after burn, the lenticular changes showed total opacity of both eyes and the intraocular pressure of left eye was 28 mmHg. 65th day after burn, extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation on left eye was performed. After the operation, naked vision was 1.0, but hard exudates were showed in macular area. The second case was a 23-year-old man who had exposed to 54000 voltage current and sustained third degree, 20% burn. 82th day after burn, the lenticular changes showed moderate opacities in the anterior and posterior subcapsular area of both eyes. 137th day after burn, extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation on right eye was performed. The final corrected visual acuity was 0.5 on 7th week after the operation due to lamellar macular hole.
Male ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical features and causative organisms in febrile infants younger than three months, to help identification of high risk patients for serious bacterial infection (SBI). METHODS: A total of 313 febrile infants younger than three months, who had visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital from January 2008 to December 2010 were included. Clinical features, laboratory findings, causative organisms, and risk factors of SBI were analyzed by retrospective chart review. Causative bacterial or viral pathogens were identified by gram stain and cultures, rapid antigen tests, or the polymerase chain reaction from clinically reliable sources. RESULTS: Among 313 infants, etiologic organisms were identified in 127 cases (40.6%). Among 39 cases of bacterial infections, Escherichia coli (66.7%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (12.8%) were common. Enterovirus (33.7%), respiratory syncytial virus (19.8%), and rhinovirus (18.8%) were frequently detected in 88 cases of viral infection. Patients with SBI (39 cases) showed significantly higher values of the white blood cell count (14,473+/-6,824/mm3 vs. 11,254+/-5,775/mm3, P=0.002) and the C-reactive protein (6.32+/-8.51 mg/L vs. 1.28+/-2.35 mg/L, P<0.001) than those without SBI (274 cases). The clinical risk factors for SBI were the male (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.5-8.9), the presence of neurologic symptoms (OR 4.8, 95% CI 1.4-16.8), and the absence of family members with respiratory symptoms (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.2-11.3). CONCLUSION: This study identified common pathogens and risk factors for SBI in febrile infants younger than three months. These findings may be useful to guide management of febrile young infants.
Bacterial Infections ; C-Reactive Protein ; Enterovirus ; Escherichia coli ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinovirus ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; Streptococcus agalactiae

Glomus tumor shows histologically characteristic three components of glomus cells, vascular structures, and spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells. It is classified into solid glomus tumor, glomangioma and glomangiomyoma according to relative proportions of components. Glomangiomyoma, the least frequent type of glomus tumor, has its overall histopathologic pattern identical to common solid glomus tumor or glomangioma. In contrast to the foregoing types, however, it has an important number of spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells, which blend with the glomus cells. A 49-year-old woman presented with 2-year history of painful bluish red nodule beneath nail plate of right 4th finger. We made a diagnosis of glomangiomyoma by virtue of routine histopathologic examinations and immunohistochemical stains such as vimentin, smooth muscle actin and desmin.
Actins ; Coloring Agents ; Desmin ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fingers ; Glomus Tumor ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Spine ; Vimentin ; Virtues

Body surface potential map, an electric potential distribution on the body torso surface, enables us to infer the electrical activities of the heart. Therefore, observing electric potential projected to the torso surface can be highly useful for diagnosing heart diseases such as coronary occlusion. The BSPM for the heart of a patient show a higher level of sensitivity than 12-lead ECG. Relevant research has been mostly based on clinical statistics obtained from patients, and, therefore, a simulation for a variety of pathological phenomena of the heart is required. In this study, by using computer simulation, a body surface potential map was implemented according to various occlusion locations (distal, mid, proximal occlusion) in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Electrophysiological characteristics of the body surface during the ST segment period were observed and analyzed based on an ST isointegral map. We developed an integrated system that takes into account the cellular to organ levels, and performed simulation regarding the electrophysiological phenomena of the heart that occur during the first 5 minutes (stage 1) and 10 minutes (stage 2) after commencement of coronary occlusion. Subsequently, we calculated the bipolar angle and amplitude of the ST isointegral map, and observed the correlation between the relevant characteristics and the location of coronary occlusion. In the result, in the ventricle model during the stage 1, a wider area of ischemia led to counterclockwise rotation of the bipolar angle; and, during the stage 2, the amplitude increased when the ischemia area exceeded a certain size.
Cardiac Electrophysiology* ; Computer Simulation* ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels* ; Electrocardiography ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Electrophysiology ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Torso

Venous hemangioma is a vascular tumor that has been reported by such diverse names as; "cirsoid aneurysm", "arteriovenous hemangioma", "acral arteriovenous tumor" according to the author's opinions of its origin and histopathologic classification. It is benign and rarely biopsied, and it is also rarely reported in dermatology literature. We present two cases of venous hemangioma. The first case was a 64-year-old man who was presented with an elliptical dark-red plaque with overlying several grouped papules on the left periorbital area which had been present for 7 years. The second case was a 56-year-old man who was presented with a single red papule on the right postauricular area which had been present for 4 months. Histopathologically, there were a well-circumscribed proliferation of thick-walled muscle-containing blood vessels in the dermis. Intermingled with the thick-walled blood vessels, there were also thin-walled dilated blood vessels. In both cases, the thick-walled blood vessels resembled arteries, but they lacked elastic fibers on the Verhoeff van Gieson stain.
Arteries ; Blood Vessels ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Elastic Tissue ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Middle Aged

No abstract available.
Hernia*

Intraductal variant of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma is extremely rare. This variant shows intraductal growth and intraluminal extension without any infiltrative growth. The mode of intraductal growth is not known. The prognosis of this variant is better than that of usual cholangiocarcinoma. We report three cases, one of which is associated with Clonorchis sinensis (CS) infection. The tumors were entirely confined within the dilated peripheral tributaries of the intrahepatic bile duct. Microscopically, the tumors were well to moderately well differentiated, with a papillary or a micropapillary growth pattern. Focal clear cytoplasmic change and mucin production were noted. The tumors showed intraductal spreading without any invasion to the liver parenchyme. Mucosal hyperplasia and dysplasia were noted in the adjacent ducts. The authors assume that intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is a distinct subtype, and persistent irritation, such as, CS infection may undergo a malignant transformation through mucosal dysplasia.
Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Cytoplasm ; Hyperplasia ; Liver* ; Mucins ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)gene transduced bladder tumor cells on survival of C3H/He mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The complete cDNA of TNF-alpha was introduced to mouse bladder tumor cell line(MBT-2) using a retroviral vector. Gene transfer and expression were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Produced TNF-alpha was measured by ELISA. TNF-alpha gene transduced and parental cells were xenografted in C3H/He mice. Implantation and growth rate and survival of experimental animals were analysed. RESULTS: Successful gene transfer and expression were confirmed. TNF-G gene transduced MBT-2 cells secreted TNF-alpha at the concentration of 47.4pg/106cells/24hours. The implantation and growth rate of TNF-t gene transduced MBT-2 cells were much lower than those of parental cells and survival of experimental animals was different between TNF-t gene transduced MBT-2 and parental cells(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study shows potential advantages of localized TNF-a secretion to induce potent antitumorigenic response. Tumor cell targeted TNF-a gene therapy could become a useful tool in treatment of bladder cancer.
Animals ; DNA, Complementary ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genetic Therapy ; Heterografts* ; Humans ; Mice* ; Parents ; Reverse Transcription ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Zidovudine

The persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) is not rare cardiovascular developmental anomaly occurring both in association with congenital heart disease and as an isolated anomaly of no hemodynamic importance. We have studied 73 cases of the LSCV out of 1,060 cases of congenital heart disease catheterized at Yonsei Cardiovascular Center. We conducted the study with a view point of position of the heart and abdominal organs and segmental analysis of the underlying congenital heart disease. We also analysed the associated extracardiac vascular anomalies. The following results were obtained: 1) The incidence of this anomaly among congenital heart disease was 6.9% and 41 cases(56.2%) had cyanosis. 2) We observed 20 cases(27.3%) with the malposition of the heart and 17 cases(23.3%) with malposition of the abdominal organs. The ventricular loops revealed D-loop in 60 cases, L-loop in 7 cases and in the remaining 6 cases, it was uncertain. 3) With a view point of type of LSVC by Lucas & Krabill, type A was in 50 cases(68.5%), type D in 14 cases(19.2%), type B in 5 cases(6.8%) and type C in 4 cases(5.5%). 4) Associated cardiovascular anomalies were as follows: ventricular septal defect; 42 cases(57.5%), atrial septal defect; 33 cases(45.2%), patent ductus arteriosus; 27 cases(36.9%), and tetralogy of Fallot; 18 cases(24.7%). In conclusion, LSVC usually has no hemodynamic importance, but this cardiac anomaly is frequently combined with complex intracardiac anomalies. Therefore, it is important to making accurate diagnosis and successful management for preventing the risk of it.
Catheters ; Classification* ; Cyanosis ; Diagnosis ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Hemodynamics ; Incidence ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Vena Cava, Superior*

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