Aplasia cutis congenita represents a congenital absence of all skin layers, and it may occasionally extend through the bone and dura of the skull. Since the first report was described in the extremity by Cordon 1767, and Campbell 1826, approximately over 500 cases have been reported. About eighty five percents of all cases are found in the scalp, with 15 to 30 percents involving the skull as well. Fifteen percents of all cases involve nonscalp locations and are often bilateral symmetrical. It has been relatively rarely reported disorder abroad as well as domestically. It has several clinical subtypes classified by the location and pattern of skin absence, the presence of associated malformation and the mode of inheritance with unknown cause. We had a new born female infant with this disorder, who presented with a full thickness skin defect on scalp and skull defect. No skin defect were reported in other family members, including a first child born several years previously. Chromosomal analysis revealed as normal female karyotype, but she had double pelvis and double ureter of both kidney The legions healed for five weeks by conservative treatment as moist wound dressing and systemic antibiotic administrations. As a relatively uncommon skin anomaly with congenital anomaly, one case of aplasia cutis congenita involving scalp and skull is reported with the review of reference.
Bandages ; Child ; Ectodermal Dysplasia* ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Karyotype ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Pelvis ; Scalp* ; Skin ; Skull ; Ureter* ; Wills ; Wounds and Injuries

The improved survival rate of premature infants requiring intensive care, shows an increased risk for nosocomial infections such as disseminated fungal infection. Renal candidasis usually occurs secondary to systemic disease, and can Iead to obstructive uropathy by fungus ball. A male neonate was born in week 28 of the gestational period. His birth weight was 1200gm. He required mechanical ventilation and surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome, umbilical artery and vein catheterization, percutaneous central veneous catheterization(PCVC) for parenteral nutrition, steroid, aminophylline and broad spectrum anibiotics. Hypertension developed on the 29th hospital day, but was not controlled by diuretics and antihypertensive drugs. on the 40th hospital day, he had abdominal distension, anuria, and azotemia. A Renal ultrasonogram showed that the ureteropelvic junction of the left kidney was completely obstructed with fungus balls. A percutaneous nephrostorny tube, made in a pigtail shape by hand, was inserted under fluoroscopy guidance, and the obstruction of the pelvis was resolved by wire manipulation. Parenteral amphotericin B and oral flucytocine were started, and the left renal pelvis was directly drained and irrigated by percutaneous nephrostomy tube. Candida albicans(C. albicuns) was cultured from urine and a percutaneous central venous catheter tip. His general condition improved, and follow up urine culture revealed no fungus. On follow-up renal ultrasonogram, renal cortex echogenicity and fungus ball had disappeared except for mild left renal calyectasis and pelvic thickening. This report describes a case of obstructive uropathy by fungus ball in systemic candidiasis of prematurity, and reviews the related literature.
Aminophylline ; Amphotericin B ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Anuria ; Azotemia ; Birth Weight ; Candida ; Candidiasis ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters ; Cross Infection ; Diuretics ; Fluoroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fungi ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Critical Care ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis ; Male ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous* ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Pelvis ; Respiration, Artificial ; Survival Rate ; Ultrasonography ; Umbilical Arteries ; Veins

No abstract available.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Cerebral Veins* ; Veins*

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia(NAIT) is a rare disease caused by maternal alloimmunization against fetal platelet surface antigen, which is mainly platelet specific alloantigen or human leukocyte antigen(HLA). During routine hemotology, we accidentally discovered thrombocytopenia in a female fullterm newborn admitted due to jaundice. We excluded NAIT due to human platelet alloantigen(HPA), because the HPA of the mother and baby were the same on PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism). Mother's serum was tested for lyrnphocytotoxity against 36 donor lymphocytes, and anti-HLA A2, A24 and B58 were found. HLA typing of the father and baby revealed A2 antigen which was not present on the mothers lymphocytes. The patient received concentrated platelet and intravenous globulin. Her platelet count increased to 222,000/mm from 3,000/mm on the 11th day of life. We described a case of NAIT due to anti-HLA A2 antibody with a detailed clinical feature. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 1999;43:861-865)
Antigens, Surface ; Blood Platelets ; Fathers ; Female ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Isoantigens ; Jaundice ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Mothers ; Platelet Count ; Rare Diseases ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune* ; Tissue Donors

No abstract available.

Candidiasis of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare condition and like other opportunistic fungal infections, most commonly occurs in immune-compromised patients. Because of the increasing use of antibiotics and the improving survival rate of premature infants requiring intensive care, the incidence of fungal infections in the brain has increased. We report the findings of ultrasonography and MR imaging in two cases of candidiasis of the CNS in premature infants.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Brain ; Candidiasis* ; Central Nervous System ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Critical Care ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Nervous System* ; Survival Rate ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Urinary tract infection(UTI) in children may be cause of end stage renal failure and hypertension. So, early detection of renal scar, vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) and anomaly, and proper management are important. We carried this study to observe the significance of 24 hours urine beta2-microglobulin(beta2-MG) for predicting renal injury and correlation of beta2-MG with the grade of VUR. METHODS: We evaluated 52 patients with UTI who were admitted to the department of Pediatrics, Sung-Ae General Hospital from April 1994 to December 1994. All patients were evaluated with 99mTc-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan, voiding cystourethrogram(VCUG) and 24 hours urine beta2-MG. We divided them into 3 groups, group A; renal scarring in DMSA scan and no reflux in VCUG(14 patients), group B; renal scarring and reflux (10 patients), and group C; no renal scarring and reflux (24 patients). RESULTS: 1) Among 52 patients, 31 patients(59.6%) were less than 1 year of age and 21 patients(40.4%) were older than 1 year. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.6:1. 2) Among 24 patients with renal scarring, 15 patients(63%) were less than 1 year of age, and vesicoureteral reflux was observed in 10 patients (41.6%). 3) Vesicoureteral reflux was seen in 14 patients (26.9%): one with grade I, four with grade II, six with grade III, one with grade IV, and two with grade V. 4) The values of 24 hours urine beta2-MG in group A and B were 3.94+/-6.13mg /g Cr and 3.72+/-5.38mg/g Cr respectively, while 0.85+/-0.63mg/g Cr in group C, showing significant difference between group A and group C(p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between group A and B(p>0.05). The grade of vesicoureteral reflux was also significantly correlated with the level of 24 hours urine beta2-MG. 5) 24 hours urine beta2-MG was significantly decreased with improvement of renal scarring after successful treatment of urinary tract infection. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of 24 hours urine beta2-MG can be used as a sensitive marker of the severity of UTI and also useful for the evaluation of successful treatment and prognosis of patients with urinary tract infection.
beta 2-Microglobulin ; Child ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sex Ratio ; Succimer ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

No abstract available.
Goldenhar Syndrome*

BACKGROUND: It is reported that approximately 10.7% of Korean reproductive women use rhythm method to avoid pregnancy, which is higher in comparison to other countries. However, few surveys on practicing natural family planning methods have been done and awareness of it is also very(low). Our study examined women's interest and related factors in using natural family planning either to become pregnant or to avoid it. METHODS: A questionnaire was given to 1,700 women, ages 18 to 50, who visited general hospitals in Seoul and Kyounggido for health examination from the months beginning July and ending September in 1998. RESULTS: Of the 604 answered questionnaires, 361 were from women who were potentially fertile. Of these women 45.4% indicated that they would likely use natural family planning in the future to avoid pregnancy, and 30.5% indicated that they would likely use natural family planning in the future to become pregnant. Past use of any method of natural family planning to avoid pregnancy was associated with interest in future use of modern methods of natural family planning to avoid pregnancy. Age under 30, past use of natural family planning to become pregnant and the possible desire for future pregnancy were associated with interest in future use of natural family planning to conceive. CONCLUSION: Interest in future use of natural family planning is associated with past use of natural family planning including other factors. Many women who have not used natural family planning showed interest in using natural family planning, either to avoid pregnancy or to conceive. Therefore, clinicians should include modern natural family planning method in all of their discussions with women about family planning options.
Family Planning Services ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Natural Family Planning Methods* ; Pregnancy ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires