CT was proved to be the most accurate diagnostic tool in the analysis of brain metastasis than any otherclassical methods. The authors studied CT findings of intracranial metastasis in 31 cases proven clinically andhistologically. The results were as follows; 1. Age distribution of the cases was 15 males and 16 females withpeak age of 6th decade in males and 4th decade in females. 2. Metastatic lesions were multiple in 18 cases andsingle in 13 cases. 3. The most common degree of edema was grade III, 43% of total metastatic foci. Markededematous low densities with relatively small nodular high densities in precontrast scan and variable contrastenhancement of the nodular densities were the most frequent CT findings. 4. No specific characterstics accordingto the primary cancer was noted. All four cases of choriocarcinoma showed hemorrhagic tendency.
Age Distribution ; Brain ; Choriocarcinoma ; Edema ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Electric Stimulation* ; Vocal Cords*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of foot position on dynamic stability in female with genu varum. METHODS: Eight females with genu varum participated in this study and performed the four squat exercise methods that foot position (−45°, 0°, +45°) and 0° squat with band. Center of pressure (COP; anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, traveled distance, ellipse area) and ground reaction force as dynamic stability were measured using footscan system. Multivariate analysis of variance and one-way repeated analysis of variance measurement with Tukey honestly significant difference were used to identify significant differences of foot angle (−45°, 0°, +45°) and 0° squat with band method. RESULTS: In anterior-posterior COP displacement, −45° foot angle and 0° squat with band were significantly showed lower than +45° foot angle squat (p=0.006). Also, in COP traveled distance, 0° squat was significantly showed lower than +45° foot angle (p=0.019). During the descending phase, ground reaction force significantly showed in −45 foot angle was lower than other exercise methods. CONCLUSION: The 0° squat with band exercise showed higher dynamic stability and +45° foot angle squat exercise showed lower dynamic stability in female with genu varum.
Female* ; Foot* ; Genu Varum* ; Humans ; Methods ; Multivariate Analysis

PURPOSE: In this study, we compared the quantitative characteristics of dynamic salivary gland scintigraphy with static scintigraphy in patients with clinical sicca syndrome using Tc-99m pertechnetate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two parotid glands and 52 submandibular glands out of 26 patients with clinical sicca syndrome were studied by dynamic and static salivary gland scintigraphy. Ten normal volunteers were also studied as a control group for comparison of scintigraphic parameters. Ten minutes after injection of 370 MBq Tc-99m pertechnetate, we obtained pre-stimulus static images for a few minutes. Then dynamic salivary gland scintigraphy with lemon juice stimulation was performed for 20 minutes. Finally we obtained post-stimulus static images after dynamic images. On dynamic study, functional parameters such as uptake rate, secretion rate and re-uptake rate were calculated. The results of dynamic study and static images were compared. RESULTS: On dynamic study, we could obtain functional parameters of salivary glands successfully. On dynamic study, 22 parotid glands and 22 submandibular glands out of each of 52 glands are abnormal. The static images demonstrated somewhat different results, of which reasons we could assume via dynamic study. CONCLUSION: Dynamic salivary gland scintigraphy using Tc-99m perechnetate were more functional than static images and might be useful in the assessment of the functional change of the salivary gland in patients with clinical sicca syndrome.
Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Parotid Gland ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Salivary Glands* ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Submandibular Gland

A uremic patient on hemodialysis, who had concurrent cardiomyopathy showed intense myocardial uptake of (99m)Tc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP). The presumed cause of Uptake in the myocardium is metastatic calcification due to hypercalcemia secondary to the renal failure. However, supplementary mechanism caused by cardiomyopathy should be considered. We describe a case with bone tracer uptake in the myocardium in the absence of infarction in a patient with chronic renal failure,
Cardiomyopathies* ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Infarction ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Myocardium ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate*

Purpose: To report a case with corneal decompensation in a patient of pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Case summary: A 70-year-old woman was referred to our clinic to evaluate decreased visual acuity in the right eye. She had no history of previous ocular surgery or laser treatment. The best corrected visual acuity was 0.5 in both eyes. The patient had diffuse corneal edema in the epithelium and stroma in the right eye. The left eye showed diffuse endothelial pigment deposits. Deposition of pseudoexfoliation material on the iris and anterior lens capsule was observed in both eyes. The intraocular pressure was 15 mmHg in both eyes without treatment. Specular microscopy was limited in the right eye due to the corneal edema and the left eye showed endothelial cell loss, increased pleomorphism, and atypical guttata. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed irregular thickening of the corneal stroma and protrusion of Descemet’s membrane in the right eye. Conclusions In patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, corneal decompensation can occur without intraocular pressure elevation and glaucomatous damage.

Purpose: To report a case with corneal decompensation in a patient of pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Case summary: A 70-year-old woman was referred to our clinic to evaluate decreased visual acuity in the right eye. She had no history of previous ocular surgery or laser treatment. The best corrected visual acuity was 0.5 in both eyes. The patient had diffuse corneal edema in the epithelium and stroma in the right eye. The left eye showed diffuse endothelial pigment deposits. Deposition of pseudoexfoliation material on the iris and anterior lens capsule was observed in both eyes. The intraocular pressure was 15 mmHg in both eyes without treatment. Specular microscopy was limited in the right eye due to the corneal edema and the left eye showed endothelial cell loss, increased pleomorphism, and atypical guttata. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed irregular thickening of the corneal stroma and protrusion of Descemet’s membrane in the right eye. Conclusions In patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, corneal decompensation can occur without intraocular pressure elevation and glaucomatous damage.

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate* ; Kidney*

pose:Growth delay in asthmatic children has been reported, but the causes are unclear. In this study, we analyzed growth status in children with mild asthma and measured serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 to evaluate the relationship between the growth status and growth factors. We also evaluated the difference in the relationship of height standard deviation score (HTSDS) according to weight standard deviation score (WTSDS) between children with asthma and controls. METHODS:58 children between the age of 9 months and 12 years, who visited Konkuk University Hospital between July 2002 to June 2003, with wheeze and responded to bronchodilators were enrolled as asthma group. 59 children between the age of 6 months and 14 years without any medical problem were enrolled as controls. Height and weight were measured for both groups and their standard deviation scores were calculated respectively. Blood samples were collected for serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 levels and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were calculated from those values. The relationships between each growth status and growth factors were analyzed. RESULTS:The HTSDS and WTSDS were 0.17+/-.00, 0.38+/-.23 respectively for the asthma group; the HTSDS and WTSDS were 0.05+/-.95, 0.08+/-.06 respectively for the controls. IGF-I was 169.6+/-0.7 ng/mL, IGFBP-3 was 2146.0+/-36.5 ng/mL, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio was 0.08+/-.03 for the asthma group; IGF-I was 422.6+/-70.3 ng/mL, IGFBP-3 was 3409.6+/-61.1 ng/mL, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio was 0.12+/-.05 for the controls. In both groups, the concentration of IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/ IGFBP-3 ratio showed significant correlation with the age (P<0.01). In both groups, the correlation coefficient for WTSDS and HTSDS were 0.39 and 0.64, which were statistically significant. In the asthma group, the height gain was significantly smaller than the weight gain compared with controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We concluded that in children with mild asthma the increment in HTSDS according to WTSDS is less than that of controls.
Asthma* ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Carrier Proteins ; Child* ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Weight Gain

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Evaluation Studies as Topic* ; Photic Stimulation* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*