Congenital agenesis of the seminal vesicle is commonly associated with mullerian duct cysts and frequently combined with anomalies of the vas deferens or urinary tract. We report a case of a 29 year-old man with congenital agenesis of the seminal vesicle without any associated anomaly of the urogenital organs. He had infertility for 2 years and two semen analyses revealed azoospermia. There was no abnormal finding in physical examination of the testis, epididymis, or vas deferens. However, we could not locate the seminal vesicles in a transrectal ultrasound and computed tomography. We referred him to an infertility clinic for assisted reproductive technology.
Azoospermia ; Epididymis ; Humans ; Infertility ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Semen Analysis ; Seminal Vesicles ; Testis ; Urinary Tract ; Vas Deferens

Congenital agenesis of the seminal vesicle is commonly associated with mullerian duct cysts and frequently combined with anomalies of the vas deferens or urinary tract. We report a case of a 29 year-old man with congenital agenesis of the seminal vesicle without any associated anomaly of the urogenital organs. He had infertility for 2 years and two semen analyses revealed azoospermia. There was no abnormal finding in physical examination of the testis, epididymis, or vas deferens. However, we could not locate the seminal vesicles in a transrectal ultrasound and computed tomography. We referred him to an infertility clinic for assisted reproductive technology.
Azoospermia ; Epididymis ; Humans ; Infertility ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Semen Analysis ; Seminal Vesicles ; Testis ; Urinary Tract ; Vas Deferens

Objectives: On February 26, 2021, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination was started for high-priority groups based on the recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices with 2 available COVID-19 vaccines (AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNTech) in Korea. This report provides a summary of adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination as of April 30, 2021. Methods: Adverse events following immunization are notifiable by medical doctors to the Korea Immunization Management System (KIMS) under the national surveillance system. We analyzed all adverse events reports following COVID-19 vaccination to the KIMS from February 26 to April 30, 2021. Results: In total, 16,196 adverse events following 3,586,814 administered doses of COVID-19 vaccines were reported in approximately 2 months (February 26 to April 30, 2021). Of these, 15,658 (96.7%) were non-serious adverse events, and 538 (3.3%) were serious adverse events, including 73 (0.5%) deaths. The majority of adverse events (n=13,063, 80.7%) were observed in women, and the most frequently reported adverse events were myalgia (52.2%), fever (44.9%), and headache (34.9%). Of the 73 deaths following the COVID-19 vaccination, none were related to the vaccines. Conclusion By April 30, 3.6 million doses of the COVID 19 vaccine had been given in Korea, and the overwhelming majority of reports were for non-serious events. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency continues to monitor the safety of COVID-19 vaccination.

Objectives: On February 26, 2021, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination was started for high-priority groups based on the recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices with 2 available COVID-19 vaccines (AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNTech) in Korea. This report provides a summary of adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination as of April 30, 2021. Methods: Adverse events following immunization are notifiable by medical doctors to the Korea Immunization Management System (KIMS) under the national surveillance system. We analyzed all adverse events reports following COVID-19 vaccination to the KIMS from February 26 to April 30, 2021. Results: In total, 16,196 adverse events following 3,586,814 administered doses of COVID-19 vaccines were reported in approximately 2 months (February 26 to April 30, 2021). Of these, 15,658 (96.7%) were non-serious adverse events, and 538 (3.3%) were serious adverse events, including 73 (0.5%) deaths. The majority of adverse events (n=13,063, 80.7%) were observed in women, and the most frequently reported adverse events were myalgia (52.2%), fever (44.9%), and headache (34.9%). Of the 73 deaths following the COVID-19 vaccination, none were related to the vaccines. Conclusion By April 30, 3.6 million doses of the COVID 19 vaccine had been given in Korea, and the overwhelming majority of reports were for non-serious events. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency continues to monitor the safety of COVID-19 vaccination.

Endometriosis in the abdominal scar following cesarean section is very rare condition among the extrapelvic endometriosis. Abdominal wall endometriosis secondary to cesarean section is being reported in less than 0.5% of patients undergoing cesarean section and has a distinct presentation and treatment. Three patients with history of cesarean section presented with a painful, enlarging mass involving the cesarean section scar. The pain was cyclic and the strongest just prior to menstruation. These patients were treated with surgical excision and specimens had endometriosis confirmed by histopathology. We have experienced three cases of endometriosis in the abdominal scar following cesarean section. So, we report the cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Abdominal Wall ; Cesarean Section* ; Cicatrix* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Menstruation ; Pregnancy

Metastatic ovarian adenocarinoma (Krukenberg tumor) is rare ovarian neoplasm and hard to detect early. The tumor characterized by the infiltration of the interstitium and the signet ring cell was metastasized from GI tract, predominantly. Gastroscopy should be performed in pregnant women with persistent gastro-intestinal complaints after the first trimester. We have experienced a case of metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma at near term pregnancy, and report this case with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women

PURPOSE: To compare CT features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) with those of lymphomas in the small intestine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT findings of 11 pathologically confirmed GIST patients and 10 lymphoma patients were retrospectively reviewed. CT findings were analyzed with regard to location, size, margin, growth patterns, internal character, enhancement, invasion, vascular encasement, lymphadenopathy, intestinal obstruction and ascites. RESULTS:An extraluminal mass was present in 82% (9/11) of the GIST patients versus 30% (3/10) of the lymphoma patients. Circumferential wall thickening was observed in 80% (8/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). Internal necrosis or gas was present in 73% (8/11) of the GIST patients versus 10% (1/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). Inhomogeneous enhancement was observed in 63% (7/11) of the GIST patients compared to homogeneous enhancement in 90% (9/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). Lymphadenopathy was only observed in 80% (8/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). In other findings such as fatty infiltration, ascites and intestinal obstruction there were no statistically significant differences (p>.05). CONCLUSION: Features revealed by CT scans are highly useful in differentiating GIST from lymphoma of the small intestine. Extraluminal growth and internal necrosis or gas are more common in patients with GIST compared with lymphoma. CT features of circumferential wall thickening and associated lymphadenopathy are more common in patients with lymphoma.
Ascites ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors* ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma* ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The diagnosis of pyomyositis in the pelvic region is difficult, as its incidence is relatively, with symptoms that mimic those of discogenic pain. Sciatica is a common presentation of a prolapsed lumbar disc. Less common causes, such as spinal stenosis, pelvic tumors or even primary nerve tumors can also cause these symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful diagnostic tool. Herein, the case of a patient with an acute pyogenic infection in the iliopsoas muscle, presenting with sciatica, is reported. This is a rare infective disease, which if promptly treated with intravenous antibiotics, can be completely resolved; otherwise, it can result in deep abscess formation, sepsis and death.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pelvis ; Pyomyositis* ; Sciatica ; Sepsis ; Spinal Stenosis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: While endoscopic resection could be considered as the best choice for the treatment of small rectal carcinoid, the colonoscopic biopsies performed at the time of detection may lead to scar and ulcer formation and cause unpredicted difficulty in the endoscopic resection. This study was evaluated to analyze the relationship between the post-biopsy scar and the limitation of submucosal elevation for the endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoids. METHODS: Twenty two cases of rectal carcinoid which received prior biopsies before the endoscopic resection were retrospectively compared with 20 non-biopsied cases. All two groups were treated by endoscopic resection from January 2000 to December 2007. There was no difference in the clinical characteristics and endoscopic findings such as size and location between the two groups. RESULTS: The limited submucosal elevation was experienced in 17 cases (77%) in the biopsy group, significantly more frequent than 9 cases (45%) in the non-biopsy group (p=0.03). The colonoscopic findings which contribute to difficult submucosal elevation were the depressive scar formation after biopsy, the size less than 5 mm in the biopsy group, active ulcer formation after biopsy. Regarding the resection method, endoscopic submucosal dissection was frequently adopted (23% vs. 5%) in the biopsy group. The frequency of endoscopic piecemeal resection in biopsy group was higher than non-biopsy group (23% vs 10%), and all cases were subsequently resected by other endoscopic methods. CONCLUSIONS: The post-biopsy scar can interfere with successful submucosal elevation for endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoids. The number of forcep biopsy should be minimized in the diagnostic colonoscopy when endoscopic resection is planned rectal carcinoids.
Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoid Tumor/*pathology/surgery ; Cicatrix/pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of a new type of a complex expandable nitinol stent that was designed to reduce the stent's propensity to migration during the treatment of malignant gastroduodenal obstructions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two types of expandable nitinol stent were constructed by weaving a single thread of 0.2 mm nitinol wire in a tubular configuration: an uncovered stent 18mm in diameter and a covered stent 16mm in diameter. Both ends of the covered stent were fabricated by coaxially inserting the covered stent into the tubular uncovered stent and then attaching the two stents together with using nylon monofilament. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the stent was placed in 29 consecutive patients (20 men and 9 women, mean age: 65 years) who were suffering with malignant gastric outlet obstruction (n=20), duodenal obstruction (n=6) or combined obstruction (n=3). Clinical improvement was assessed by comparing the food intake capacity before and after the procedure. The complications were investigated during the follow up period. RESULTS: Stent placement was successful in all the patients. After stent placement, the symptoms improved in all but one patient. During the follow up, stent migration occurred in one patient (3%) at 34 days after the procedure. Despite the stent migration, the patient was able to resume a soft diet. Six patients developed recurrent symptoms of obstruction with tumor overgrowth at a mean of 145 days after the procedure; all the patients underwent coaxial placement of an additional stent with good results. One patient showed recurrence of obstruction due to tumor in-growth, and this was treated by placement of a second stent. Two patients with stent placement in the duodenum suffered from jaundice 26 days and 65 days, respectively, after their procedures. CONCLUSION: Placement of the newly designed complex expandable nitinol stent seems to be effective for the palliative treatment of malignant gastroduodenal obstructions. The new stent also seems to help overcome the disadvantage of the increased migration observed for the covered stent.
Diet ; Duodenal Obstruction ; Duodenum ; Eating ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Male ; Nylons ; Palliative Care ; Recurrence ; Stents*