PURPOSE: To report the efficacy of toric orthokeratology lenses in a patient with corneal astigmatism within 1.5 D having difficulty wearing spherical orthokeratology lenses because of limbus-to-limbus corneal astigmatism. CASE SUMMARY: An 11-year-old boy who wanted to wear orthokeratology lenses had a refractive error of -4.75 D sph = -1.00 D cyl 180 in the right eye and -4.50 D sph = -1.25 D cyl 180 in the left eye. The corneal astigmatism was 1.19 D and 1.19 D, respectively, and limbus-to-limbus corneal astigmatism was observed in topography. After wearing spherical orthokeratology lenses, the patient complained of monocular diplopia and both lenses were found to be displaced nasally. Toric orthokeratology lenses were prescribed for centration of lenses and resulted in significant improvement of uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20, refractive error of +0.75 D sph = -0.50 D cyl 170 in the right eye and +0.50 D sph = -0.50 D cyl 160 in the left eye, and centration of lenses for the 12-month follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Toric orthokeratology lenses should be considered if spherical orthokeratology lenses are not effective even in patients having less than 1.5 D of corneal astigmatism because of limbus-to-limbus corneal astigmatism.
Astigmatism ; Diplopia ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Refractive Errors ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Milk, Human*

No abstract available.
Angelica*

PURPOSE: Leptin, the product of the ob gene is primarily by adipose tissue but also by the human placenta. Leptin may also have a role as a regulator of fetal growth and development during normal pregnancy as well as in pregnancies associated with anomalous fetal growth. Our study aimed to discover whether or not leptin concentration in neonatal cord blood correlates with maternal disorder(preeclampsia, antenatal steroid). METHODS: Seventy newborns - twenty of preeclampsia, twenty of antenatal steroid treatment, ten of diabetes mellitus, twenty of neonatal asphyxia- and their mother were enrolled in this study. Gestational age, birth weight, length and placental weight were measured. Maternal age and weight were measured. Cord blood and maternal venous samples were collected and serum was separated and stored at -70dgreesC. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Neonatal cord leptin concentration was significantly elevated in infants whose mothers received antenatal steroid, preeclamptic mothers and diabetic mothers Also, neonatal cord leptin concentration was correlated with maternal serum leptin concentration in those maternal disorders. Cord blood leptin concentration in neonatal asphyxia group was significantly elevated, but wasn't significantly correlated with their maternal serum leptin concentration. CONCLUSION: Neonatal cord leptin concentration was significantly increased in mothers with preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus, and exposure of the antenatal steroid. We find that maternal disorders affected leptin concentration in cord blood, and that increased cord blood leptin in neonatal asphyxia was shown to be a product of fetus.
Adipose Tissue ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Fetal Blood* ; Fetal Development ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Leptin* ; Maternal Age ; Mothers ; Placenta ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature*

The antihypertensive effect of trimazosin was studied in 24 cases of essential hypertension, which include 9 cases with pretreatment diastolic pressure of 114mmHg or more, for a period of 4 weeks. The average pretreatment systolic and diastolic blood pressures were approximately 175mmHg and 114mmHg, respectively. The treatment was started with 100mg of trimazosin daily in 2 divided doses and and the drug was titrated upward at weekly interval by 100mg up to 400mg/day depending on the response of the blood pressures. Routine blood counts, urinalyses, liver and kidney function tests, electrolyte balance, total serum cholesterol and triglyceride were determined before and at the end of treatment. The diastolic blood pressure fell 10mmHg or more in 20 out of 24 cases(83.3%), and in 12 cases out of 20 favorable responders it fell to 90mmHg or below. The pretreatment diastolic blood pressure in 4 nonresponders was all 115mmHg or more. The antihypertensive effect appeared during the first week of therapy and progressively increased until the end of treatment week without causing postural hypotension. Unpleasant symptoms appeared in 12 cases during treatment, which include dizziness, headache, numbness in the extremities and tinnitus in the decreasing order of frequency. However, these symptoms were mild and transient in all cases disappearing spontaneously despite continued medication. No significant biochemical changes in the blood were recorded after treatment. We conclude that trimzosin seems to be a safe and effective antihypertensive drug particularly useful for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Dizziness ; Extremities ; Headache ; Hypertension* ; Hypesthesia ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Kidney Function Tests ; Liver ; Tinnitus ; Triglycerides ; Urinalysis ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Pleomorphic adenoma presenting as primary lesion of the bronchus is very rarely encountered, and in our knowledge only 6 cases have been reported in the literature of the western world, and no case report has been published in Korea. Currently, we experienced a case of bronchial pleomorphic adenoma occuring in a 38 years old woman. On X-ray examination, hazy density in the right upper lobe and emphysematous change in the right lower lobe were noted. A right pneumonectomy was done under bronchoscopic diagnosis of bronchial adeoma. The pathologic examination of the present case showed a polypoid endobronchial tumor, 1.4 x 1.1 cm (with extraluminal portion, 2.2 x 1.7 cm) in the right upper bronchus. The microscopic examination revealed a pleomorphic adenoma showing same morphology as those found in the salivary gland. This case, therefore, was believed to be a genuine example of bronchial pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland type. We compared this case with 6 cases in the literature.
Female ; Humans ; Adenoma

PURPOSE: We compared the pain reducing effect of orally administered glucose solution with EMLA cream and pacifiers during venipuncture in newborn infants. METHODS: Fifty newborn infants(30 prematures) were enrolled in this study. We performed these four pain-reducing methods to all infants in serial order. Group A(control) did not receive any treatment; to group B, EMLA cream was applied on the skin for 1 hour; group C(or D) received 10 percent(or 30 percent) glucose solution orally; group E used pacifiers. Symptoms and signs associated with pain at venipuncture were measured with the Premature Infants Pain Profile(PIPP) scale. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the PIPP scores between preterm and fullterm infants. The mean PIPP scores of groups were A:12.5+/-2.5, B:10.1+/-2.6, C:9.4+/-2.0, D:6.5+/-2.1 and E:8.7+/-2.3; the mean scores of groups B, C, D and E were significantly lower than that of group A(all, P<0.001 except B(P<0.05)), and the mean score of D was significantly lower than those of B, C and E(P<0.001, P<0.005, P<0.05, respectively). The percentages of patients with PIPP scores above 6, which means pain, were A:100 percent, B:82 percent, C:56 percent, D:40 percent and E:70 percent. The percentages of patients with PIPP scores above 12, which means severe pain, were A:72 percent, B:30 percent, C:22 percent, D:0 percent and E:14 percent; that of group D was clearly lowest. CONCLUSION: These results support the use of oral glucose solution, EMLA, and pacifiers for pain reduction as effective intervention at venipuncture in newborn infants. The most effective method was a 30 percent oral glucose solution.
Glucose* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Pacifiers* ; Phlebotomy* ; Skin

A case of gallbladder empyema caused by Pediococcus pentosaceus is discussed. This appears to be the first reported case of gallbladder empyema caused by this organism. The laboratory method to identify this vancomycin-resistant gram-positive cocci and antimicrobial susceptibility of this organism are described.
Cholecystitis* ; Gallbladder* ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Pediococcus*

Polymorphous light eruption(PMLE) is an idiopathic, scquired syndrome characterized by a delayed abnormal response to light and a varied morphology of recurrent erythema, papules, vesicles or plaques on light-exposed areas of skin. We report herein s 42-year-old male patient who was clinically and histologically compatible with PMLE. To confirm the diagnosis, the phototest was performed by 50,J/crn of UVA, 5MED-UVB and visible light irradiation to the extensor surface of the forearm. Numerous erythematous papules developed at the (JVA-irradiated site. The histopathologic findings of the phototest induced lesion were compatible with PMLE. Therefore, our patient was confirmed as having PMLE with action spectrum in the IJVA range.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Erythema ; Forearm ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Skin