OBJECTIVE: To analyze 543 cases of amniocentesis with indications, cytogenetic results. METHOD: This study includes 543 cases cytogenetic study results which amniocentesis to detect fetal chromosomal abnormality in the Cytogenetic Laboratory at Eun Hospital in Kwang-Ju from August 1996 to December 2000, as gestational ages, indications of amniocentesis, maternal age distributions, chromosome aberrations with cytogenetic results. The cytogenetic results of chromosome aberration was identified by parents inheritance and de novo karyotypes as parents periperal blood cytogenetic study. RESULTS: Amniocentesis performed mostly from 15 weeks to 20 weeks of gestaional ages. Requested indication of amniocentesis presents abnormal maternal serum screening (37%), infertility (23%) and maternal old age (> or =35) (17%). Chromosome aberration according to amniocentesis indication was suspected fetal anomaly by ultrasonogram (8.6%), previous family history (5.7%). Chormosome aberration following maternal ages, more 40 years old women were found highly 7.9%. The frequency of chromosome aberration was 5.5% but de novo chromosome aberration was 2.2%. Numerical aberration was overall new karyotypes (1.3%). Structural aberration was inheritance karyotypes (3.3%) and de novo karyotypes (0.9%). CONCLUSION: Amniocentesis is a effective diagnostic tools in fetal chromosome aberration. Indication of fetal chromosomal anormality by ultrasonography and advanced maternal ages is an important diagnostic method with chromosome aberrations. Prenatal fetal chromosome aberrations included inheritance and de novo karyotypes. Especially, identification of de novo chromosome aberrations may predict fetal anomaly and counsel the fetus for pregnant parents.
Adult ; Amniocentesis* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetic Analysis* ; Cytogenetics* ; Female ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Infertility ; Karyotype ; Mass Screening ; Maternal Age ; Parents ; Ultrasonography ; Wills

Clinical observation was performed on 81 cases who were received exchange transfusion at Ilsin Christian Hospital from January, 1986 to Decrmber, 1990. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Among 6,388 cases of neonatal jaundice, the exchange transfusion was performed on 81 cases (1.27%). 2) There was no sex predominance (male 40, female 41). The birth weight of 75 cases(92.6%) ranged from 2,500 gm 4,000 gm. 3) The most predominant delivery type was normal vaginal delivery (66 cases, 81.5%). Instrumental delivery was 9 cases (11.1%) that was higher than control group (4.2%). 4) Analysing the exchanged 81 cases, sepsis accounted for 28 cases (34.6%) of the total exchanged group:ABO incompatibility 25 cases (30.9%), complicated causes 13 cases(16.0%), unknown causes 12 cases (14.8%) and Rh incompatibility 1 cases (1.2%). 5) Repeated exchange transfusion was required in 12 cases (16.0%). 6) In 20 cases (24.7%), exchange transfusion was performed on 7 days or more after birth. In 4 cases (4.9%), including 1 cases of Rh incompatibility, exchange transfusion was done within 24 hours after birth. 7) The most common organism of sepsis, which was the most predominant etiology of exchange transfusion was E. coli in 12 cases (31.5%). 8) After exchange transfusion, serum bilirubin, Hb and reticulocyte count were decreased by 24%, 22% and 36%, respectively.
Bilirubin ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; Parturition ; Reticulocyte Count ; Sepsis

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of egg consumption and suggest proper guidelines for consumption of eggs by determining the relationship between eggs and cholesterol. METHODS: Literature review was conducted on the relationship between nutritional, functional properties of eggs and serum cholesterol, as well as cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: Eggs, which are a good protein food with complete amino acid composition, contain vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin B1(2), folic acid, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, calcium, iron, choline, selenium, beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, etc. However the egg yolk has a high cholesterol content, which is associated with chronic diseases, including heart disease and hypertension. As a result, its intake is subject to regulation. Outbreak of heart disease by yolk intake can show different results depending on the characteristics of the subjects, amount of egg intake, and the implications of other foods eaten. It is difficult to determine whether eggs are beneficial, as they are the main supplying source for other major nutritive elements as well. Several research studies insist that when cholesterol intake increases by 100 mg, the level of serum cholesterol increases by 2.2~4.5 mg/dL and when serum cholesterol increases by 1%, the risk of heart disease increases by 2%. This indicates that a large intake of eggs can increase the risk of heart disease. Although the cholesterol of egg yolk and serum cholesterol are correlated, it is insufficient to conclude that only cholesterol and not other components are related to heart disease. In fact, other components in egg such as various unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids could be related as well. Rather than concluding egg as a 'good' or 'bad' food according to its cholesterol content, it is important to define egg as a part of dietary patterns. CONCLUSION: Generalizing an indiscriminate and uniform amount of egg intake for all seems inadequate. However, patients with diabetes or heart disease should pay particular attention to the amount of egg intake. As for the norm, eating egg with vegetables as a substitute for other animal products seems beneficial.
Animals ; beta Carotene ; Calcium ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Choline ; Chronic Disease ; Eating ; Egg Yolk ; Eggs* ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Folic Acid ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Iron ; Lutein ; Ovum* ; Phospholipids ; Riboflavin ; Selenium ; Vegetables ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin E ; Vitamin K ; Vitamins

BACKGROUND: Issues concerning with the classification accuracy of Korean Outpatient Groups (KOPGs) have been raised by providers and researchers. The KOPG is an outpatient classification system used to measure casemix of outpatient visits and to adjust provider risk in charges by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in managing insurance payments. The objective of this study were to refine KOPGs to improve the classification accuracy and to evaluate the refinement. METHODS: We refined the rules used to classify visits with multiple procedures, newly defined chemotherapy drug groups, and modified the medical visit indicators through reviews of other classification systems, data analyses, and consultations with experts. We assessed the improvement by measuring % of variation in case charges reduced by KOPGs and the refined system, Enhanced KOPGs (EKOPGs). We used claims data submitted by providers to the HIRA during the year 2012 in both refinement and evaluation. RESULTS: EKOPGs explicitly allowed additional payments for multiple procedures with exceptions of packaging of routine ancillary services and consolidation of related significant procedures, and discounts ranging from 30% to 70% were defined in additional payments. Thirteen chemotherapy drug KOPGs were added and medical visit indicators were streamlined to include codes for consultation fees for outpatient visits. The % of variance reduction achieved by EKOPGs was 48% for all patients whereas the figure was 40% for KOPGs, and the improvement was larger in data from tertiary and general hospitals than in data from clinics. CONCLUSION: A significant improvement in the performance of the KOPG was achieved by refining payments for visits with multiple procedures, defining groups for visits with chemotherapy, and revising medical visit indicators.
Classification ; Drug Therapy* ; Fee-for-Service Plans ; Fees and Charges ; Health Care Costs ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Insurance ; Insurance Claim Review ; Insurance, Health ; Outpatients* ; Product Packaging ; Prospective Payment System ; Referral and Consultation

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in patients with positional dependent sleep apnea according to their non-supine apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, > or =5 vs. <5). METHODS: 92 patients with positional sleep apnea were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups : group I was non-supine AHI having > or =5 ; group II was non-supine AHI having less than 5. Statistical analysis was performed to find the difference between two groups. RESULTS: In 92 patients, the number of group I patients was 11 (12%) and the number of group II patients was 81 (88%). In the severe AHI group, percentage of group I was dominated (70%) and showing a significant difference compared with the mild and moderate AHI groups (p<.05). In the severe body mass index (BMI) group, percentage of group I was dominated (54.5%) and showing a significant difference compared with of the mild and moderate BMI groups (p<.05). The percentage of group I was significantly higher than group II (p<.05) in the AHI, supine AHI, non-supine AHI and snore time. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with positional sleep apnea, severe OSA and high BMI are more common in patients with non-supine AHI> or =5 than non-supine AHI<5.
Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

The authors introduced flip back spin echo (FBSE) technique for MR imaging of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) instead of conventional spin echo (SE) technique, and evaluated whether FBSE technique in MRI of TMJ is adequate for the diagnosis of the disorders or not. FBSE T1 parasagittal images in closed mouth state and sequential opening and closing mouth states using patient's own finger(s) were obtained and then FBSE T1 paracoronal image in closed mouth state and STAGE(short tip angle gradient echo) parasagittal T2WI were followed. All 30 images of the symptomatic TMJs using FBSE technique were excellent in the visualization of articular and their displacement, and we could easily diagnose the internal derangement. FBSE technique was adequate for the diagnosis of internal derangement of the TMJ, and the modified cine display from images using FBSE technique was advantageous in the diagnosis of the disorders by visualization of the dynamic motion of the TMJ.
Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mouth ; Temporomandibular Joint*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe and explore the experience process of life of patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS: Using a grounded theory methodology, 24 interviews were performed with 7 men and 5 women, 17-47 years of age, suffering from Crohn's disease. RESULTS: 'Tuning of two conflicting lives' was identified as the core category, and 5 subcategories were identified and they were integrated into the core category. The identified outcomes were 'Living a withdrawn life', 'coping flexibly', 'drifting with tangled emotions' and 'maintaining long-term remission'. CONCLUSION: When caring for these patients, it is important to identify needs, allow patients to express what they want at that moment and support them in maintaining a daily life that can be perceived as normal.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Crohn Disease/*psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; *Life Change Events ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stress, Psychological ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Acanthoma*

The authors report a case of ectopic paragonimiasis in a 33 year old Korean housewife who came to the hospital because of lower abdominal discomfortness and palpable mass. Parasitic granulomas involved the ovary and posterior wall of the uterine body. This report deals with the rare occurrence of a parasitic infestation in the ovary.

The authors report a case of ectopic paragonimiasis in a 33 year old Korean housewife who came to the hospital because of lower abdominal discomfortness and palpable mass. Parasitic granulomas involved the ovary and posterior wall of the uterine body. This report deals with the rare occurrence of a parasitic infestation in the ovary.