Reversible splenial lesion syndrome can be caused by viral infection. Rubella generally occurs in childhood, and it is rarely accompanied by neurological complications in adulthood. A 35-year-old man visited our hospital due to conjunctival injection, mild fever, and headache 3 days after experiencing skin rash. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed distinct lesions involving white matter in the splenium of the corpus callosum approximately 3 days following the onset of symptoms. Enzyme immunoassay performed on serum and CSF samples was positive for rubella virus IgM. A follow-up brain MRI was performed 24 days after the onset of symptoms, and reduced lesion size with decreased signals were observed on diffusion weighted image. This case showed that rubella infection can result in reversible splenial lesion accompanied by only mild neurological symptoms.
Rubella

Lipoma arborescens is a rare intra articular lesion consisting of a villous lipomatous proliferation of the synovial lining and occurs mainly in the knee joint. It is mostly found in older patients with joint trauma, meniscal lesions or chronic synovitis. The authors describe one case of a 29-year-old male with multiple lipomas in the right knee joint who has a history of joint trauma. He had joint effusion, pain, giving way and restricted terminal extension of the right knee. Histology and gross findings are consistent with the lipoma arborescens. After arthroscopic excision of the masses, symptom was relieved completely and the patient had gained full range of motion of the right knee joint.
Adult ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Lipoma* ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Synovitis

The prevalence of obesity and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is increasing worldwide. Obesity has been linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and various FGIDs. However, the relationship between obesity and FGIDs remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the published studies on this topic and clarify the relationship between obesity and the pathophysiology of various FGIDs.
Dyspepsia ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Obesity ; Prevalence

The prevalence of obesity and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is increasing worldwide. Obesity has been linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and various FGIDs. However, the relationship between obesity and FGIDs remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the published studies on this topic and clarify the relationship between obesity and the pathophysiology of various FGIDs.

No abstract available in English.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar* ; Pathology*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to define the experience of nursing education in the Jinju area of Gyeongsang-Namdo from the 1940s to 1960s. METHODS: An oral history study was done using personal interviews with 8 nurses who graduated in nursing in Gyeong Nam area during the period under study. RESULTS: In this study, the individual's educational background before entering the nursing school, school life, and life as a nurse after graduating from nursing school were defined. CONCLUSION: For most of the respondents, their educational background before entering nursing school was middle school. They studied very hard in poor surroundings. After graduation from a nursing school, they worked in hospitals, public health centers, midwifery centers, and schools. Half of the respondents had experience as a midwife. Their income as a midwife was relatively high at that time. They all had positive identities and lived a life devoted to the individual, society, and the nation.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education, Nursing ; History of Nursing ; Hospitals, Public ; Humans ; Midwifery ; Schools, Nursing

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare and potentially life-threatening drug reaction, which has been associated with aromatic anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital. It is characterized by the triad of fever, rash and internal organ involvement, which mostly includes hepatitis. Histopathological findings usually show characteristic erythema multiforme. Lamotrigine is a new antiepileptic drug, chemically distinct from other anticonvulsant medication, however, AHS has recently been documented in patients treated with lamotrigine. We report a case of AHS in a 29-year-old man, thought to have been caused by the use of lamotrigine.
Adult ; Anticonvulsants ; Carbamazepine ; Erythema Multiforme ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Phenobarbital ; Phenytoin

We report a case of a solitary osteochondroma as a dumbbell tumor compressing the spinal cord and its surgical strategy. The patient is a 16-year-old female with longstanding posterior neck pain and left arm abduction weakness. She was examined by plain X-ray, three-dimensional-computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and vertebral angiography. The analyses indicated a calcified extradural mass compressing the cord in the C3–4 portion extending into the neural and vertebral foramen with eroded vertebral body. The tumor was successfully excised using a modified combined anterior and posterior approach. Histopathologic study of the resected material confirmed the diagnosis. The postoperative assessment was followed by clinical and radiologically therapy for 5 years after surgery. Osteochondroma arises from enchondral bone but it rarely involves the spine, especially not as s dumbbell type. In this patient, the tumor may have arisen from the neural arch and extended into the extradural and extraforaminal space over a long period. We successfully removed the dumbbell tumor with a combined anterior oblique and posterior approach. However, further observation is essential because of the possibility of recurrence and sarcomatous change.
Adolescent ; Angiography ; Arm ; Cervical Cord* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck Pain ; Osteochondroma* ; Recurrence ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spine

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown cause involving multiple organs and is characterized by noncaseating granuloma. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by increased peripheral platelet destruction due to the presence of an antibody to the platelet and abnormal platelet production. There is no known pathogenesis that occurs concurrently with ITP and sarcoidosis. However, considering together of 2 known pathogenesis, abnormal immune response triggers either ITP or sarcoidosis. The disease that develops first stimulates secondary disease. After development of secondary disease, they stimulate each other. A few cases of ITP associated with sarcoidosis are well documented in English; however, the disease has rarely been reported in Korea. Here, we report on a case of ITP with sarcoidosis in a 29-year-old man. He suffered from easy bruising. The chest X-ray and the contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed bihilar lymphadenopathy and reticulonodular infiltrates. Bone marrow study and fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous needle biopsy were performed and the patient was diagnosed with sarcoidosis and ITP. He was put on 400 mg/kg of intravenous immunoglobulin for 5 days and administered oral steroids and further follow-up will be carried out. He has shown a good response without significant bleeding event. However, administration of more oral steroid and additional follow-up is required than for single disease, whether sarcoidosis or ITP.
Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy, Needle ; Blood Platelets ; Bone Marrow ; Granuloma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Korea ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Sarcoidosis* ; Steroids ; Thorax ; Thrombocytopenia*

Background: The purpose of this study was to establish effective measures and preventive managements to the cases of bloodborne exposures among the health care workers. Method: We reviewed 331 cases that were reported to the infection control services of five hospitals from March 2000 to February 2002. The SPSS PC 10.0 was used to analyze the date. Result: The proportion of registered nurses, doctors, housekeepers, unrse aid and technicians were 48.0%, 27.8%, 10.0%, 6.0%, and 5.4% in order. The proportion of female exposures was 75.2%. Fifty six point eight percent of exposure have been working less than 3 years. The data also indicated that there were differences by their Occupations. Thirty nine point six percent of the exposures occurred at the general ward, and 16.6% of them occurred at the operation room and 13.0% of them occurred at the intensive care unit. Most of the bloodborne exposures occurred during blood sampling (26.3%), putting away the needle including the recapping(18.4%). and giving injection (14.5%). The major instruments of exposures were syring-needle (79.6%), blade (7.3%), suture needle (6.1%), and direct contact with blood (2.7%). The hands were the most common body parts of exposures (95.2%). The bloodborne pathogens were hepatitis B virus (HBV, 38.1%(126/331), hepatitis C virus (10.3%), syphilis (4.5%), and human immuno-dificiency virus (2.7%). Forty one point three percent(52/127) of health care workers(HCWs) usually didn't realize whether they had antibody to the HBV or not at the time of exposure; Seventy five percent (39/52) of them found out later to be positive for HBV antibody. Only 48.7% (19/39) of them could get the medical treatment since they didn't know about immunity before the test. The cases with completion of management at the time of exposure, those of follow-up evaluations, and the cases with lost follow-up were 40.7%, 38.6% and 20.7%. in order. None of the cases were led to actual infections. Conclusion: The results from this study can be applied to establish effective measures of prevention and managements of the bloodborne exposures among the HCWs. If the laboratory data of HCWs were available at the time of exposure, more effective management would be possible. Also the results from this study emphasized the need for the systematic and practical follow-up.
Blood-Borne Pathogens ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Hand ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Human Body ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Intensive Care Units ; Needles ; Occupations ; Patients' Rooms ; Seoul* ; Sutures ; Syphilis