PURPOSE: To evaluate the treatment results and prognostic factors after radiotherapy in stage IIB uterine cervix cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 90 patients with stage IIB uterine cervix cancer who received radiotherapy between 9/94 and 12/99. Age was ranged from 28 to 79 years (median 57). Tumor size was > or = 4 cm in 64 patients. Preteatment SCC level was measured in 76 patients. Twenty nine patients received conventional radiotherapy (QD) and the others received modified hyperfractionated radiotherapy (BID). Only 7 patients in BID had tumor size <4 cm. All patients received high dose rate brachytherapy (4 Gy x 7 or 5 Gy x 6). No patient received concurrent chemotherapy during radiotherapy. Follow up period was ranging from 9 to 76 months (median 38). RESULTS: The 5-year overall and disease free survival rates were 73.4% and 71.6%, respectively. Local recurrences occurred in 10% of patients, and distant metastasis in 18.9%. There was a significant correlation between OS/DFS and tumor size (<4 cm; OS 95.2%, DFS 91.4%, > or = 4 cm; OS 63.4%, DFS 63.4%). Pretreatment SCC level was one of prognostic factors only in univariate analysis. CONCLUSION: With modified hyperfractionated radiotherapy, there was very low local recurrence rate (6.6%) and high 5-year overall and disease free survival rate (75.4% and 70.5%), which is comparable to results after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in bulky, locally advanced stage IIB uterine cervix cancer.
Brachytherapy ; Cervix Uteri* ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiotherapy* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

The decision between continued medical therapy and surgical exploration in patients with traumatized scrotum is difficult. We evaluated scrotal ultrasound as a non-invasive aid in such problematic cases. During s 42 months period. 17 patients were hospitalized for treatment of traumatized scrotum. All of them underwent careful physical examination and scrotal ultrasound. The results were as follows.; 1. In the appropriate clinical setting. ultrasound provides objective information supporting the need for surgical intervention in patients with traumatized scrotum and prevents unnecessary operation. 2. The results of treatment in 12 cases of 13 cases who underwent conservative treatment were good. 3. Scrotal ultrasound is necessary as soon as possible in traumatized scrotum and testicular salvage rates are improved markedly when early surgical correction of a ruptured tunica albuginea is performed. 4. Ultrasound is noninvasive and effective single diagnostic method in scrotal injury.
Humans ; Physical Examination ; Scrotum* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

The authors introduced flip back spin echo (FBSE) technique for MR imaging of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) instead of conventional spin echo (SE) technique, and evaluated whether FBSE technique in MRI of TMJ is adequate for the diagnosis of the disorders or not. FBSE T1 parasagittal images in closed mouth state and sequential opening and closing mouth states using patient's own finger(s) were obtained and then FBSE T1 paracoronal image in closed mouth state and STAGE(short tip angle gradient echo) parasagittal T2WI were followed. All 30 images of the symptomatic TMJs using FBSE technique were excellent in the visualization of articular and their displacement, and we could easily diagnose the internal derangement. FBSE technique was adequate for the diagnosis of internal derangement of the TMJ, and the modified cine display from images using FBSE technique was advantageous in the diagnosis of the disorders by visualization of the dynamic motion of the TMJ.
Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mouth ; Temporomandibular Joint*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to find some points that may help the differential diagnosis of ring lesions in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the liver through recognition of the characteristics of the morphology and the signal intensities of the ring lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: T1- and T2-weighted axial spin-echo images and gadolinium-enhanced Tl-weighted images were obtained with a 1.0 T superconducting MR imager. We reviewed the MR findings of 23 hepatic ring lesions which were confirmed as hepatocellular carcinomas (13), metastases (4), liver abscesses (4), hydatid cyst (1), and hematoma (1). RESULTS: There were 19 single rings and 4 double rings (all the cases were liver abscesses) on Tl-weighted images, and 8 single rings and 14 double rings on T2-weighted images. The signal intensity of the ring was low in hepatocellular carcinoma on Tl-weighted images and in hydatid cyst on T2-weighted images. It was high on Tl-weighted images in subacute hemaroma. Target lesion as an inner high-signal-intensity ring surrounded by a high-signal-intensity ring on T2-weighted images was seen in metatasis, liver abscess, and hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSION: It is helpful to recognize the chracteristics of morphology and signal intensities of the ring lesions in the differential diagnosis of hepatic focal lesions.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echinococcosis ; Hematoma ; Liver Abscess ; Liver* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neoplasm Metastasis

The continent ileal neobladder is an ileal pouch that is anastomosed to the urethral stump for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy. We report our results in 4 patients who underwent this type of diversion. The 1st case is Camey procedure. In another 3 cases, to achieve a low pressure system, disruption of directional bowel peristalsis with a longitudinal incision at tire antimesenteric border of a 40cm to 60cm ileal segment is performed. A spherical pouch, the neobladder, is fashioned and anastomosed to the urethra. The ureters are implanted according to the method of Le Duc and Camey (Case 2). In case 3 and 4, the ureters are implanted by an antireflux nipple ureteroileostomy. The use of this ileal neobladder in male patient undergoing radical cystectomy offers an alternative free of a stoma to urinary diversion.
Cystectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Nipples ; Peristalsis ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Diversion

No abstract available.

The transfemoral arterial approach is used to gain access for angiography, percutaneous coronary interventions, or various endovascular therapies. To decrease the risk of procedure-related vascular complications, it is recommended to puncture the common femoral artery in its middle segment. However, due to inadequate access or anatomical variability, various complications, including hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, thrombosis, or dissection, can occur after transfemoral arterial interventions. Duplex ultrasound has proven to be an excellent noninvasive modality that provides not only anatomic but also hemodynamic information, effectively detecting and differentiating various femoral puncture-related complications. Radiologists should be familiar with the characteristic sonographic findings of the entire spectrum of transfemoral puncture-related vascular complications for early detection and proper treatment.
Aneurysm, False ; Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Femoral Artery ; Hematoma ; Hemodynamics ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Punctures ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the signal characteristics of intracranial hemorrhage, as seen on fluid attenuatedinversion recovery(FLAIR) MR imaging according to various stages, and to compare FLAIR imaging with spin-echo T1-and T2-weighted MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated fast FLAIR images along withspin-echo T1- and T2-weighted MR images of 32 lesions in 26 patients (12 males and 14 females, aged 3-84 yrs) withintracranial hemorrhagic lesions. For imaging, a 1.5T unit was used, and the nature of the lesions was found to beas follows : intracranial hemorrhage(n=15) ; tumor(n=9) ; infarction (n=4) ; arteriovenous malformation (n=3) ;and arachnoid cyst with hemorrhage(n=1). On the basis of spin-echo MR imaging, lesions were classified as acute,early subacute, late subacute, early chronic, or late chronic stage. The signal characteristics of intracranialhemorrhage were analysed in accordance with each staging, as seen on MR FLAIR imaging, and compared to the stagingseen on spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging. RESULTS: For the 32 hemorrhagic lesions, staging was found to beas follows : acute(n=4) ; early subacute(n=8) ; late subacute(n=11) ; early chronic(n=5) and late chronic(n=1). Inthe remaining three patients with arteriovenous malformation, the stage of the hemorrhage was found to be mixedsubacute and chronic. The signal intensity of hemorrhage, as seen on FLAIR imaging during the acute andearly-subacute stage, was low, and during the late subacute stage it was high ; for T2WI, the findings weresimilar. FLAIR imaging, however, showed that hemorrhage intensity during the early chronic stage was low, and thatof the late chronic stage was very low ; these findings were similar to those of T1WI. CONCLUSION: The signalintensity of intracranial hemorrhage, as seen on FLAIR imaging, was not characteristic ; it was similar to that ofT2WI during the acute and subacute stages, and similar to that of T1WI during the chronic stage. When usedtogether with spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging, however, FLAIR imaging may be useful for theclassification of chronic intracranial hemorrhage as either early or late stage.
Arachnoid ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

In approximately 10% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), angiography does not reveal an obstructive coronary stenosis. This is known as myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), which has complex and multifactorial causes. However, this term can be confusing and open to dual interpretation, because MINOCA is also used to describe patients with acute myocardial injury caused by ischemia-related myocardial necrosis. Therefore, with regards to this specific context of MINOCA, the generic term for MINOCA should be replaced with troponin-positive with non-obstructive coronary arteries (TpNOCA). The causes of TpNOCA can be subcategorized into epicardial coronary (causes of MINOCA), myocardial, and extracardiac disorders. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can confirm MI and differentiate various myocardial causes, while cardiac computed tomography is useful to diagnose the extracardiac causes.