Osteoporosis is a major health problem in countries with aging populations, resulting in excess morbidity anti mortality. This study was conducted to investigate knowledge and practices about osteoporosis in adults and to identify some factors which were influenced to that. 56-item questionnaire was developed including five domains(general characteristics, osteoporosis-related characteristics, knowlege of risk factors, knowlege of prevetion and practices). Subjects of this study were 368 adult ranged from 30 to 59. Data were collected during the period from June 15 to July 10, 1998 by means of a structured questionnare. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Post Hoc, Pearson Correlation by SPSSWIN program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean knowledge score of risk factors for osteoporosis was 7.46(full score=15) and that of prevention of osteoporosis was 8.79(full score=12). 2. The mean practice score of osteoporosis was slightly higher than median value. 3. Women had better knowledge about osteoporosis risk factors and practiced more osteoporosis-prevention measures than men. Although the data demonstrated fairly good general knowledge about osteoporosis in the subjects, the older group(age 50-59), those at the highest risk of developing the disease, knew less about osteoporosis than the younger group(age 30-39) did. 4. The persons who had heard about osteoporosis and bone mineral density though mass media medical pratitioners and who didn't take any medicine for osteoporosis had better know ledge about osteoporosis and preventive measures. The practice score was significantly higer in the postmenopausal women and persons who were already diagnosed as osteoporosis patients, or who underwent bone mineral density measurements. 5. The relation between knowledge and practice was significant. In conclusion, there was a modest degree of general knowledge about osteoporosis and its consequences in adults. Further randomized studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis and risk factors. However, these results support the importance of education to prevent osteoporosis.
Adult* ; Aging ; Bone Density ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Media ; Mortality ; Osteoporosis* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors

A 23 year old female patient swallowed a tooth brush about one month prior to admission. She has been felt discomfort in epigastrium and dull aching pain recently around umbilicus. Upper gastrointestinal X-Ray and gastroduodenoscopic examination disclosed that a full size, yellow tooth brush is lodged transversely in the stomach and duodenal bulb, Endoscopic remova.l was tried and failed because of impaction of the both ends into mucosa. The tooth brush was removed by gastrotomy under general anesthesia. The free end of the brush handle penetrated the duodenal bulb wall and the impaction of the tip prevented the leakage of duodenal contents before removal. Though the primary method of the gastroduodenal foreign body is endoscopic, if sharp end of the forei body seems to be impacted into the gastrointestinal wall, and if it retained same position for long duration, it should not tried to remove by force fo prevention of leakage and resulting peritonitis. Surgical removal may be safer method in these cases.
Anesthesia, General ; Female ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Peritonitis ; Stomach ; Tooth ; Umbilicus ; Young Adult

Potter's syndrome was originally described as combination of bilateral renal agenesis and unique progeric facial characteristics in 1946 by Potter. In cases of severe renal maldevelopment such as bilateral polycystic kidney or marked hypoplasia, similar facial features has been also associated. At 1963, Potter and Osathanondth reported classification of polycystic kidney as Type I-IV by microdissection study. Recently authors experienced an autopsy case of polycystic kidney with characteristic potter face, and other combined malformations such as; absence of both ureters and urinary bladder, pulmonary hypoplasia, undescended testes and oligohydramnios, fetal growth retardation and breech presentation. According to the classification of polycystic kidney of Potter and Osathanondth, this presenting case is compatible with type IIB.

Estrogen and progesterone receptors exist in the epithelial and stromal cells of the endometrium. Proliferative disorders of the endometrium may be associated with autocrine and paracrine actions of estrogen and progesterone in epithelial and stromal cells. This study was performed to evaluate the differences estrogen and progesterone receptor(ER/PR) expression in the epithelial and stromal cells of endometrial hyperplasias and adenocarcinomas using immunohistochemical methods. Immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) was done to evaluate a possible correlation between PCNA and hormone receptor expression. Evaluation was based on samples from 31 simple hyperplasias, 30 complex hyperplasias, and 32 adenocarcinomas. The immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR and PCNA in epithelial and stromal cells were examined according to a scoring system based on the percentage of positive cells and the staining intensity. The results were as follows; 1) The expression of ER and PR in epithelial cells showed a graded, significant decreases in simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma, in that order(ER: P=0.008, PR: P= 0.026). 2) PR expression in the stromal cells showed a significant decrease between hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma(P=0.003). The difference in ER expression was not significant. 3) In stromal cells, the decrease in PR expression was more prominent than the decrease in ER expression when complex hyperplasia was compared to simple hyperplasia. 4) The PCNA expression in simple and complex hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma was not higher than the expression of PCNA in nomal proliferative endometrium. There was no significant difference in PCNA expression between simple and complex hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma(P=0.073). 5) A negative correlation between PCNA and ER/PR expression was not demonstrated in simple and complex hyperplasia, or in adenocarcinoma. Endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma are probably related to a paracrine action of estrogen and progesterone in epithelial and stromal cells. A progressive loss of PR expression in stromal cells may induce abnormal proliferation of endometrium due to a disrupted hormonal balance.
Adenocarcinoma

Heterotopic panereas is pancreactie tissue occuring outside its normal anatomical location and without any connection and normal pancreas and it is a developmental anormaly. The most commen site is stomach(esp. greater curvature of the antrum), duodenum and jejunum, In majority of cases heterotopic pancreas does not produce symptoms. When it produces complications, the symptoms depend on the site of lesion and the size of mass. Pathologically, the heterotopic pancreatic tissue is subject to all the lesions found in the normally placed pancreas. Tbe smooth broad base intramural defect with central niche ie typical radiologic fiadings of heterotoPic pancreas. Gastrofiberscopy revealed a small round, submucosal projection with a central umblication. The lesions are frequently confused with polys, lymphoma, in.tramural neoplasm and gastric uleer. Accurate diagnosis may prevent needless surgical procedures. Three cases of heterotopic pancreas of stomach were reported and the pertinent literature were reviewed briefly.
Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Jejunum ; Lymphoma ; Pancreas* ; Stomach*

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver is a relatively rare entity, and frequently misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor involving the liver in a 53year-old man. The liver function test and serum alpha-fetoprotein level were within normal range. His preoperative diagnosis was as hepatocellular carcinoma by radiologic studies, and ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy were done but confirmative diagnosis of malignancy or pseudotumor was not given. Grossly a relatively well marginated reddish brown soft mass with focal hemorrhage, measuring 5.0 cm in the largest diameter, was noted in the left lobe of liver. Surrounding hepatic parenchyma was yellowish brown in color without cirrhosis. Microscopically the mass showed typical findings of inflammatory pseudotumor and the ing liver tissue revealed diffuse fatty change and moderate chronic inflammatory cell on in the portal areas.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.

Cardiovascular changes induced by a variety of physiological, surgical or emotional stresses are associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activtity. Sympathetic stimulation lowers the ventricular resistance in patients with ischemic heart disease. Thus sympathoadrenal aetivation may play role in sudden cardiac death. We measured the catecholamine levels just before and after fiberoptic gastroscopy, The results were as follows: 1) Though there was no statistical significance, plama catecholamine levels tends to increase during and after fiberoptic gastroscopy. 2) Significant changes in mean blood pressure did not occur during and after fiberoptic gastroscopy. 3) Before fiberoptic gastroscopy, norepinephrine level of three hypertensive patients were lower than the levels of studied patients, But during and after fiberoptic gastroacopy, norepinephrine level increased by 3 times. 4) The highest norepinephrine level was 847 pg/ml and epinephrine level was 110 pg/ml. Though sympathetic response was enhanced by fiberoptic gastroscopy, norepinephrine level did not increase up to the level shown in myocardial infarction or severe exercise.
Blood Pressure ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Epinephrine ; Gastroscopy* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Norepinephrine ; Stress, Psychological ; Sympathetic Nervous System

No abstract available.
Animals ; Dinitrochlorobenzene* ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea*