The clinical and mycological study was made with 38 cases of dermatophytoses in infants and preschoolers in dermatologic clinic of St. Pauls Hospital, Catholic Medical College, from September, 1982 to April, 1984. Following results are obtained: The incidence of dermatophytoses under the age 6 was 2. 2% among 1, 711 out- patients of the sarne age group. 2. The incidence of involving sites was the highest in tinea(T.) corporis(37. 2%) and T. faciale(37, 2%) and then T. capitis(18. 7g). In 0-under 2 groups, the highest incidence in T. corporis(54. 5%) and then T. faciale(3l. 8%.). In 4-under 5 group, the highest incidence in T. capitis(55. 6%). 3 Fungi cultured from their skin lesions were 36 strains belonging to 6 species. These were M. canis(55. 6%), T. rabrum(27. 8%), granular type of T.mentagrophyte(8.3%) and interdigital type of T. mentagrophyte(27. 8%), M gypseum (2.8%). and E. floccosum(2.8%) in order. 4. Arnong 1Q strains of T. rabrum, anthropophilic fungi, 8 strains(80. 0%) were frorn 0-under 2 age groups, E. floccosum, and interdigital type of T. mentagrophyte were also from 0-under 1 age group. Among ZO strains of M, canis, zoophilic fungi, 13 strains(65. 0%) were from the age groups of 2-under 5. Granular type of T. mentagrophytc, 2 among 3 strains were from 4-under 5 age group, 5. The incidence of causative fungi in each sites were as follows: In T. corporis, T. rubrum(50. O%), and M canis(18. 8%) in order. In T. faciale, M. canis(62. 5%), T. rabrum(12. 5%), T. mentagrophyte(12. 5%), and M. gypseum(6. 3%) in order. In T. capitis, all cultured fungi were M. canis
Fungi ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Skin ; Tinea*

Hair follicle nevus is one of several nevi, in which hair and hair follicle are involved. Crowding of numerous tiny but mature hair follicles with thick fibrous root sheath are the characteristie histologic finding of the nevus. The patient was one month old male infant with pedunculated. mass l cm in size on the left preauricular area. Histologically the skin of the lesion is covered by acanthotic epidermis. In the corium are numerous small mature hair follicles with thick fibrous sheath and a few small Iobules of sebaceous gland embedded in a fibrovascular stroma. There are, however, no central plate of cartilage and adipose tissue.
Adipose Tissue ; Cartilage ; Crowding ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Hair Follicle* ; Hair* ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nevus* ; Sebaceous Glands ; Skin

To evaluate the possibility of Dacron patch for artificial sclera. Dacron(polyethylene terephthalate) which is readily available, biocompatable, safe, and inert synthetic material was implanted in the area of full-thickness scleral defect in rabbits. The histopathologic examinations showed that fibrovascular tissue invested into all interstices of Dacron filaments and fibroconnective tissue encapsulation around Dacron patch had strong connection with collagen fibers of recipient sclera at 4 weeks after graft There were no adverse reactions such as retinal detachment and fibrous proliferation into the vitreous cavity except mild inflammatory response of surrounding tissue at the early postoperative stage. As a result, Dacron graft showed successful firm adhesion to the recipient sclera without serious complications. Thus, We think that Dacron could possibly be used, instead of donor sclera, as artificial scleral graft material for the surgical treatment of perforating scleral diseases.
Collagen ; Humans ; Polyethylene Terephthalates* ; Rabbits* ; Retinal Detachment ; Sclera ; Scleral Diseases ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

Recently, a hydroxyapatite sphere has been increasingly used as a buried integrated orbital implant for the great improved motility of the prosthesis after enucleation. To allow more rapid ascess of vasculature into the hydroxyapatite implant, Dacron as a new synthetic wrapping material of the implant for anophthalmic sockets had been used and compared histologically with donor sclera in rabbits. At 4 weeks after implantation, fibrovascular ingrowth was found mainly near the scleral windows, where fibrosis extended 2 mm centrally in scleral-wrapped implants. In Contrast, in Dacron-wrapped implants, there was extensive fibrovascular infiltration through Dacron filaments and windows as well, making the hydroxyapatite sphere completely invested with fibrovascular tissue to the center within 4 weeks of implantation. Thus, Dacron as a new wrapping material appears to allow a more rapid vascularization into the hydroxyapatite implant than other collagen material without any serious complications, resulting in early rehabilitation with an artificial eye.
Collagen ; Durapatite* ; Eye, Artificial ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Orbital Implants ; Polyethylene Terephthalates* ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rabbits ; Rehabilitation ; Sclera* ; Tissue Donors*

Epidermoid cysts occur rarely on the palms and soles, where hair is not present. These cysts have long been assumed to arise from traumatic implantation of epidermal fragment, but the pathogenesis is still controversial. Recently, with microscopic findings, immunohistochemical features, and molecular studies, the epidermoid cysts of the sole may be induced by the human papillomavirus. We report two cases of epidermoid cysts of the sole with the discussion of the pathogenesis.
Epidermal Cyst* ; Hair ; Humans*

PURPOSE: Magnetization transfer imaging(MTI) is a new imaging contrast technique. Our MT pulse sequence is designed as fixed time interval between echo and MT pulse. This study was peformed to evaluate the influence of variations in TR/TE on MTR in T1 weighted image of normal brain tissue on this kind of MT pulse sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven healthy volunteers in twenties of age as the objectives, MRI was taken under various TR/TE(TR/TE ;700/14, 650/14, 750/14, 700/20 and 1500/20 msec). MTR was calculated from signal intensities measured at the same point in both pre and post MT images and statisticslly analyzed. The MR imager used in this study was 1.0T Magnetom 42SP(Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) and the parameters of additional MT pulse sequence were offset 1000Hz and bandwidth 250Hz, and posteriorly located to echo with 7.7 msec fixed interval. Offset of this MT pulse was variable. RESULT: In white matter of brain tissue from a normal person, MTR was 34-39%(average 37%) for TR and TE of 700/14 in T1WI and 33-36%(average 35%) for TR/TE of 650/14, and 34-38%(average 35%) for TR/TE of 750/14 which showed no statistical difference. However, in case of 1500/20 of TR/TE, MTR was 26-28%(average 26%) which is statistically significant. With TR/TE of 700/14 as the standrd value, the MTR of gray and white matter were 37% and 29% respectively, showing a definite difference of statistical means. Signal from CSF in ventricles is rarely influenced by MT pulse. CONCLUSION: Conclusively, a subtle variation in TR/TE in T1WI has little influence on MTR but wide range of variation in TR/TE as in proton density image induces significant difference in MTR on this kind of MT pulse sequence. Therefore, the exchangeable usage of MTR data would be possible in narrow range of TR/TE change but difficult in wide range of variation.
Brain* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Protons ; Reference Values*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung*

The phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins on tyrosyl residues are key regulatory mechanisms of cell growth and signal transduction and are controlled by opposing activities of protein tyrosine kinases and phosphotyrosyl phosphatases (PTPs). We have previously cloned and characterized a nontransmembrane chicken protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (CPTP1) similar to human placental PTP1B (HPTP1B). CPTP1 contains several phosphorylation sequence motifs (S/T-X-X-D/E) for casein kinase II (CKII), [(I > E > V)-Y-(E > G)-(E > D > P > N)-(I/V > L)] for p56(1ck), and (P-E-S-P) for MAP kinase. To examine whether phosphatase activity of CPTP1 could be controlled by phosphorylation, CPTP1 and HPTP1B fusion proteins purified from E. coil were subjected to the in vitro phosphorylation by CKII. Phosphoamino acid analysis revealed that CPTP1 was phosphorylated on both serine and threonine residues by CKII in vitro. In addition, the degree of the phosphorylation of CPTP1 by CKII was shown to be five times higher than that of HPTP1B. Phosphorylation on both serine and threonine residues of CPTP1 in vitro results in an inhibition of its phosphatase activity. This result suggests that phosphorylation of CPTP1 and HPTP1B by CKII might be implicated in the regulation of their catalytic activities in the cell.
Casein Kinase II* ; Casein Kinases* ; Caseins* ; Chickens* ; Clone Cells ; Humans ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; Phosphorylation* ; Phosphotransferases ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases* ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Serine ; Signal Transduction ; Threonine

This study was designed to evaluate the potential application of MRI in differentiating static blood from thrombus, age-related changes of thrombus and the signal differences of the intravascular thrombus in various pulse sequences. External jugular vein was ligated at both upper and lower ends to form a static blood column, and thrombin was injected into the column to cause venous thrombosis in a total of 15 mongrel dogs. The MR images were obtained with T1-and T2-weighted spin echo and gradient echo techniques, immediately after the formation of static blood and after 2 hour, 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks of the formation of thrombus at a 2.0T MR unit. The signal intensities of the thrombus and adjacent muscles were compared stubjectively, and the signal intensity ratio was compared objectively by the measurement of the signal intensities using a cursor. The MRI findings were compared with histologic findings. The signal intensities of static blood were hyperintense in all pulse sequences, and those of 2-hour, 1-day and 1-week-old thrombi were hyperintense in all pulse sequences. The number of experimental thrombi which showed isointensity on T1-and T2-weighted image, and hypointensity on gradient echo image increased as thrombi aged. The signal intensities of 2-week-old thrombus were isointense on T1-weighted image, hyperintense on T2-weighted image, and hypointense on gradient echo image, while those of 4-week-old thrombus were isointense on T1-weighted and T2-weighted image, and hypointense on gradient echo image in most experimental thrombi. There was a tendency to decrease in a signal intensity ratio as thrombi aged on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and gradient echo images(P<0.01) Histologically, thrombus was not formed and lumen was filled with many red blood cells(RBCs) in 2-hour-old specimen, but fibrin mesh was visible and RBCs decreased in number in 1-day-old specimen. In 1-week-old specimen, vessel was contracted and lumen was filled with thombus, RBCs, platelets, many fibrins and capillary-like strucrutes. The histologic findings of 2-week-old thrombus were similar to those of 1-week-old one except calcification. In 4-week-old specimen, vessels were contracted and lumen was obliterated with fibrosis and organization of the thrombus. Therefore, it is possible to diagnose thrombus, and to assess sequential changes of MRI findings of thrombus by using all pulse sequences, and these results can be essential bases for the interpretation of MR images of patients with venous thrombosis.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Fibrin ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Muscles ; Thrombin ; Thrombosis ; Venous Thrombosis*

AHCC (Active Hexose Correlated Compounds), which was at first extracted from cultured broth of Basidiomycotina, is known to be one of the Biological Response Modifiers (BRM). We examined the protective effects of AHCC on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in mice. The AHCC pretreatment prevented the suppression of several physiological and biochemical parameters in the mice injected with CCl4 or TAA for 5 days. The liver weights and serum ALT and AST levels were increased by CCl4 or TAA, the degree of which was significantly reduced with the AHCC pretreatment. The AHCC pretreatment induced increasing activity of GST (glutathione s-transferase) and showed an increasing tendency of P450 and EROD (ethoxyresorufin o-dealkylation). The AHCC pretreatment also showed negative effects against the suppression of drug metabolizing enzymes, such as P450, EROD, and GST induced by CCl4 or TAA. AHCC pretreatment showed protective effects with significant inhibition of fatty change, inflammation, and necrosis in CCl4 and TAA intoxicated mice liver. The present study suggests that the protective effect of AHCC pretreatment might be related to the protection of liver from the drug induced liver injury in mice model.
Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury* ; Immunologic Factors ; Inflammation ; Liver ; Mice* ; Necrosis ; Thioacetamide ; Weights and Measures