No abstract available.
Dementia* ; Humans

Osteoporosis is a major health problem in countries with aging populations, resulting in excess morbidity anti mortality. This study was conducted to investigate knowledge and practices about osteoporosis in adults and to identify some factors which were influenced to that. 56-item questionnaire was developed including five domains(general characteristics, osteoporosis-related characteristics, knowlege of risk factors, knowlege of prevetion and practices). Subjects of this study were 368 adult ranged from 30 to 59. Data were collected during the period from June 15 to July 10, 1998 by means of a structured questionnare. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Post Hoc, Pearson Correlation by SPSSWIN program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean knowledge score of risk factors for osteoporosis was 7.46(full score=15) and that of prevention of osteoporosis was 8.79(full score=12). 2. The mean practice score of osteoporosis was slightly higher than median value. 3. Women had better knowledge about osteoporosis risk factors and practiced more osteoporosis-prevention measures than men. Although the data demonstrated fairly good general knowledge about osteoporosis in the subjects, the older group(age 50-59), those at the highest risk of developing the disease, knew less about osteoporosis than the younger group(age 30-39) did. 4. The persons who had heard about osteoporosis and bone mineral density though mass media medical pratitioners and who didn't take any medicine for osteoporosis had better know ledge about osteoporosis and preventive measures. The practice score was significantly higer in the postmenopausal women and persons who were already diagnosed as osteoporosis patients, or who underwent bone mineral density measurements. 5. The relation between knowledge and practice was significant. In conclusion, there was a modest degree of general knowledge about osteoporosis and its consequences in adults. Further randomized studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis and risk factors. However, these results support the importance of education to prevent osteoporosis.
Adult* ; Aging ; Bone Density ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Media ; Mortality ; Osteoporosis* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the relations of interpersonal attitude and communication competence of new community health nurses. METHODS: The research design was a correlational study. The data were collected from 136 visiting nurses using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. RESULTS: The type of interpersonal attitude in subjects was I+U+ and the score of communication competence was 3.6. Among 15 sub-dimensions, the highest score was responsiveness and the lowest was assertiveness. There were no significant differences in communication competence by general characteristics. Factors influencing on communication competence in new visiting nurses were interpersonal attitude I+(I am OK) (beta=.34) and I-(I am not OK) (beta=-.28). CONCLUSION: Education program, stressing the self-awareness, is necessary to increase positive interpersonal attitude and communication competence for reemployment of community health nurses. Furthermore, in order to reinforce assertiveness, institutional support should be accompanied with the efforts of individual level.
Assertiveness ; Community Health Centers* ; Education ; Mental Competency* ; Nurses, Community Health* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Research Design

No abstract available.
Glucose* ; Hantaan virus* ; Lactose* ; Trehalose*

The purpose of this study was to find out the effeet of midazolam and fentanyl on oxygcn saturation by pulse oximetry in surgical patients under spinal anesthesia. The subjects of this study were 83 patients who were operated on under spinal anesthesia, at a general hospital in Pusan. from December 1st, 1997 to March 31st, 1998. The subjects of Group 1 were 53 patients who did not receive either of midazolam and fentanyl. The subjects of Group 2 were 21 patients who received midazolam. The subjects of Group 3 were 9 patients who received both midazolam and fentanyl. Oxygen saturation was measured with a pulse oximeter by time series. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS / PC~ program and the results of the study were as follows 1. There were no significant differences among the three experimental groups in terms of age or cardiopulmonary disease. 2. Among the three groups, there were statistically significant differences in Sp02 at 5 minutes after starting the operation or after intravenous injection of drugs. The SpO2 mean for Group 3 was 92.4%, for Group 2 it was 97.7%. and for Group 1 it was 98.2%. 3. Hypoxemia cases occurred in 88.9% of Group 3, 28.6% of Group 2, and 17.0% of Group 1, respectively. It is concluded that oxygen saturation mo4oring should be done routinely to all patients under ~spinal anesthesia, especially during operating tim4. and patients receiving midazolam and fentanyl should be monitored closely. After monitoring oxygen should be administered to all patients who developed hypoxemia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anoxia ; Busan ; Fentanyl* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Midazolam* ; Oximetry ; Oxygen*

We present the therapeutic effects of an aromatic retinoid (Ro 10-9359) in two cases of sex-linked ichthyosis. Case 1, Uncle of Case 2, was a 24-year-old male who had had dark brown scales on the trunk and upper extremities for 15 years. Case 2 was a 10-year-old boy who had had dirty brown scales on the trunk and lower extremities since 3 years of age. The diagnosis of sex-linked ichthyosis was made by characteristic scales and histopathologic findings. Initially, both patients received an oral aromatic retinoid (Ro 10-9359) with a daily dose of 1.5mg/kg body weight for the first two weeks. Thereafter the drug was tapered gradually to the dose of 0.5mg/kg body weight according to the therapeutic response. There was near complete clearing of the skin lesions in both patients after 10 weeks treatment. Side effects were of mild intensity and included dryness of mouth and nose, chelitis, paronychia and arthralgia of knee joint.
Arthralgia ; Body Weight ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Ichthyosis* ; Knee Joint ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Mouth ; Nose ; Paronychia ; Skin ; Upper Extremity ; Weights and Measures ; Young Adult

Ouarian tumors of low malignant potential(OTLMP) or borderline tumors account for approximately 10% of all ovarian neaplasms. Borderline tumors have some but not all of the histologic characteristics af ma lignancy : stratification of epitheliial cells, with some degree of nuclear atypia a,nd inereased mitotic actitity but. without stromal invasion. We reviwed 20 published Rnglish written articlea from 1978 to 1992 and Korean gynecologic cancer regestry of 1990. In this review, we tried to concentrate on several debating is sues in OTLMP: 1) What kind of surgery is needed for each stages?, 2) Is postoperative adjuvant t.herapy needed?, 3) Jf needed, which type? Following result were obtained from the besis of 1516 patients with OTLMP. Patients withh OTLMIP are younger than those with invasive ovarian cancers', mean age was in their forties. The majority of patients(74.5%) had stage I disease, and the incidence dropped ahruptly to 9.4% for stage ll, 15.7% for stage III and 0.4% for stage IV. The most cammon histologic subtype was serous(56.7%), followed by muci noua(38.1%), However, interestingly in Korea and Japan, the mucinous type was the most common one. The primary treatment for OTLMP was surgery, and the conservative surgery to preserve fertility in young women was sufficient for stage I disease with careful follow-up. The majority of patients(79.1%) with stage I disease were treated by surgery alone. Adjuvant such as chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy(RT) could prolong the recurrence of disease a little later, but failed to increase diaease-free survival significantly in stage I disease. In stageII disease, the surgery should be a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with multiple sampling of the peritoneal cavity. About a third of patients with stageII disease received no adjuvant therapy and the others received CT and/or RT, however, there was no difference in outcome of recurrence and survival. In advanced stage. 15% of patients received no adjuvant therapy after initial debulking surgery, and the rest of patients received CT and/or RT. No differences in recurrence and survival between each groups were noticed , too. The status of second-look laparotomy(SLL) did not depend on the stage of the disease. Positive rate of SLL for stage I diaease was not statistically different from that for the combined stages II-IV. Survival for stage I at 5 years was reported to range from 80 to 100%, and even stage III had survival ranging from 64 to 96%. Long-term survival at 15~20 years was also good. Although it is quite difficult to make conclusions because of the lack of prospective randomized studies from this review, it appears clear that surgical removal of the tumor and careful follow-up of patients are all that are necessary in stage I disease and further multi-center prospective study for the effect of adjuvant therapy in advanced disease is definitely needed.
Drug Therapy ; Female ; Fertility ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Japan ; Korea ; Mucins ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence

Acrysof intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon,Dallas,USA), the first commercially available foldable acrylic IOL, which was approved for marketing in the United states on December, 1994 and in the Korea on August, 1997.It is made with an acrylic/methacrylic polymer. Characteristics of the Acrysofistiguished from commonly used foldable silicon IOLs include improved elastic properties (not slippery when wet), slow and controlled unfolding, and a high refractory index resulting in a thinner lens. We experienced vacuolesin Acrysof IOLs which has no visual influence in 4 cases and report this unusual cases with a review of available literature.
Korea ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Marketing ; Polymers ; Silicones ; United States ; Vacuoles*

Hepatitis G virus (HGV) is a single-strand RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family, it was recently identified from the plasma of a patient with chronic hepatitis. HOV infection may cause acute and chronic liver disease by blood transfusion, drug addicts, hemophilia, and multiple sexual partners. But clinical significance of infectious pathway is still unclear. In this report, we amplified HGV RNA by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) by primers within the highly conserved 5'-noncoding region (NCR) and used restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method for the polymorphism analysis of amplified HGV gene. HGV was shown to be present in 7 of 78 (9.0%) from HCV RT-PCR positive serum samples and 5 of 58 (8.6%) from HCV RT-PCR negative serum samples. From the RFLP method HGV divided into four genotypes in 12 positive samples. Therefore, HGV genotype was distributed at least four different types in Korea.
Blood Transfusion ; Drug Users ; Flaviviridae ; GB virus C* ; Genotype ; Hemophilia A ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Plasma ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length* ; RNA ; RNA Viruses ; Sexual Partners

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans*