No abstract available.
Facial Bones*

The relative rarity and anatomical position of presacral tumors may lead to difficulty in diagnosis and surgical treatment. The clinical features and surgical approach of 4such tumors(teratocarcinoma 1, endodermal sinus tumor 1, chordoma 1, neurilemmoma 1) have therefore reviewed. Low back pain or sacral pain was present in 3patients although all tumors were palpable on rectal examination. Surgical resection was carried out using the posterior transverse approach in Kraske's prone position. Complete surgical excision was performed in 3cases(chordoma, teratocarcinoma, neurilemmoma) and incomplete excision in 1 case(endodermal sinus tumor). A review of literature concerning these tumors and the surgical approach are presented.
Chordoma ; Diagnosis ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; Low Back Pain ; Neurilemmoma ; Prone Position ; Teratocarcinoma

A forty-seven-year-old male miner complained of paresthesia over right hypothenar area and ring and little fiugers for 3 months. On physical examination and electromyography, ulnar nerve dysfunction below elbow was noted. Intraoperatively, an anomalous muscle, the epitrochleoanconeus muscle, was found between the triceps muscle and flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, but it was clearly distinguished from them. Resection of the muscle and medial epicondylectomy were performed. The epitrochleoanconeus muscle is an anomalous muscle which arises from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts into the medial border of the olecranon. The reports on ulnar nerve entrapment syndrome by this muscle were rare. On 14 months follow up, the symptoms and signs were improved.
Elbow ; Electromyography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Male ; Miners ; Olecranon Process ; Paresthesia ; Physical Examination ; Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes ; Ulnar Nerve

Rod bipolar cells constitute the second-order neuron in the rod pathway. Previous investigations of the rat retina have evaluated the development of other components of the rod pathway namely the AII amacrine cell and GABAergic amacrine cell populations. To gain further insights into the maturation of this retinal circuitry, we studied the development of rod bipolar cells, immunocytochemistry with antibodies directed to the protein kinase C (PKC), in the rat retina. PKC immunoreactivity first appeared in postnatal day 9 (P9), faint PKC immunoreactivity was observed in the cell bodies located at the distal inner nuclear layer (INL), dendrites in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and immunoreactive bands in the proximal inner plexiform layer (IPL). PKC immunoreactive cells and terminal bulbs at P10 show stronger immunostaining. At P15, the time of eye opening, PKC immunoreactive cells display stronger immunostaining than those of P10 and more mature characteristics like in the adult retina. Double fluorescence immunocytochemistry using an antiserum against parvalbumin, a marker for the AII amacrine cells, or GABA revealed that PKC immunoreactive rod bipolar cell terminals make contact with AII amacrine cells and GABAergic neurons in the proximal IPL from P9. Given these results, the different components of the rod pathway follow a similar pattern of maturation, presumably allowing the rod pathway to function at the early developmental stage of retina.
Adult ; Amacrine Cells ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Dendrites ; Fluorescence ; GABAergic Neurons ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons ; Protein Kinase C ; Rats* ; Retina* ; Retinaldehyde

No abstract available.
Head* ; Neck*

No abstract available.
Cartilage* ; Ear*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cartilage, Articular* ; Knee* ; Osmium Tetroxide* ; Synovial Membrane*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: In elderly, chronic diseases are common, and depression is frequently associated with the chronic physical conditions and their progress. This study was conducted to propose the basic data to assist the comprehensive care of chronically ill elderly through draw-up the trimmed model to explain the factors affecting depression. METHODS: The subjects were 402 elderly patients (114 men, 288 women) who had been taking medication more than one year at the community health centers in the city of Busan. During March 2000, the questionnaire survey was performed on their demographic characteristics, the state of chronic disease and depression, psychosocial resources(mastery, self esteem, social support), nutritional state, economic strain, stress and functional state(ADL and IADL). The state of depression was assessed with the Short Form of Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS) The reliability test and path analysis were done by SPSS(ver7.5) and LISREL(ver 8.3) RESULTS: The reliability of the scales were fair in all items(Cronbach's alpha>0.5) In the state of present chronic diseases, hypertension(30.4%), musculoskeletal disorders(28.6%), and diabetes mellitus(12.8%) were common. The prevalence of depression(>6 scale in SGDS) was relatively high as 61.2%. In the result of path analysis, depression was aggravated with undermined self-esteem and mastery, chronic disease, economic strain, poor functional and nutritional state (p<0.01). Chronic disease affected depression directly(65.6%) as well as indirectly through psychosocial resources, untritional state, functional state and stress. CONCLUSION: The results show that chronic disease were closely associated with depression, though this study was questionnaire based and limited to the elderly who visited the health centers. concludingly, when take care elderly with chronic disease, physicians'considerations about the depression as well as physically ill conditions were important for the comprehensive care.
Aged* ; Busan ; Chronic Disease* ; Community Health Centers ; Depression* ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Concept ; Weights and Measures