No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Urinary Retention*

No abstract available.
Acidosis, Renal Tubular* ; Captopril*

OBJECTIVES: The present study systematically reviewed previous studies published in Korea regarding obesity status of children and adolescents in order to provide valid directions for future research and to help establish evidence-based prevention strategies. METHODS: The articles were selected by searching the primary keyword ‘obesity’ and the secondary keywords ‘children’, ‘young children’, ‘adolescents’ or ‘kids’ on the KISS (Korean Studies Information Service System). Out of 503 articles excluding the overlap, 308 articles were selected with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Secular trends of obesity research, distribution of subjects, potential risk factors for obesity, and intervention method for obesity management were documented. The associations between obesity and dietary factors were summarized. RESULTS: The overall number of research studies has increased since 2000 but obesity management studies have decreased in recent years. Most of the studies used a cross-sectional design. Research on preschool children were extremely limited. Intervention studies targeting males were prevalent. The most significant variables relevant to dietary habits were speed of eating, regular breakfast and snacking. The most significant food and nutrient intake factors were thiamin and iron. Intakes of cereals and animal foods were significantly higher in obese children than the counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: The present review of locally published articles on the obesity status in children and adolescents suggested the need for well-designed further studies focused on risk factors of obesity and on a range of intervention methods conducive to the development of obesity prevention and management programs.
Adolescent* ; Animals ; Breakfast ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eating ; Edible Grain ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Information Services ; Iron ; Korea* ; Male ; Methods ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Risk Factors* ; Snacks

PURPOSE: To evaluate the significance of high signal intensity of the septum pellucidum in hydrocephalus on proton density-weighted brain MR images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Authors reviewed the MR images of 418 cases of patients with normal(175 cases), hydrocephalic(35 cases), atrophic(58 cases), and other groups(150 cases) retrospectively. We analyzed the signal intensity of the septum pellucidum in the normal group and the incidences of high signal intensities of periventricular area of frontal horn of lateral ventricle(area 1), periventricular area except area 1(area 2), callososeptal area(area 3), and septum pellucidum(area 4) in the normal and abnormal groups. RESULTS: In the normal group, the septurn pellucidum was isointense to the head of caudate nucleus on proton density-weighted image. High signal intensity of the septurn pellucidurn was seen in 31 cases (22 cases of hydrocephalus, 5 cases of brain atrophy, and 4 cases of others), and showed high specificity(91.4%) for hydrocephalus in spite of low sensitivity(62.9%), as compared with periventricular hyperintensities of other areas. CONCLUSION: High signal intensity of the septum pellucidum on proton density-weighted image may be caused by transependymal CSF migration in the patients with hydrocephalus, and considered as an additional finding of hydrocephalus in the cases of ventriculomegaly.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Caudate Nucleus ; Head ; Horns ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Incidence ; Protons ; Retrospective Studies ; Septum Pellucidum*

PURPOSE: To analyze the dynamic MR imaging of breast fibroadenoma according to the histologic type for differentiation from breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic MR images of 26 lesions from 22 breasts in 19 patients showing atypical clinical features or film mammogram and ultrasound manifestations were performed. We analyzed the speed and the maximal amount of contrast enhancement and the patterns, such as shape, border, and internal signal intensity, among the histologic types during five minutes after contrast injection. RESULTS: The speed and maximal amount of contrast enhancement of fibroadenoma were in descending order of myxoid, sclerotic, glandular, and calcified types. Among these, the value of maximal amount of contrast enhancement of myxoid and sclerotic type were more than 700 NU, but only myxoid type was enhanced more than 700NU within the first 1 minute after contrast injection, similar to the findings of carcinoma. In general, fibroadenoma showed the tendency of smooth surface(69%), well-defined border(88%) with safety rim, and internal homogeneous signal intensity(65%). However, sclerotic type of fibroadenoma had relatively high incidence of heterogeneous internal signal intensity(78%) after Gd-DTPA injection. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR imaging of atypical breast fibroadenoma mimicking breast malignancy was very useful in differentiation it from carcinoma and had the benefit of classifying fibroadenoma according to its histologic types.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Fibroadenoma* ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.

The relationship between respiratory infections and exacerbations of wheezing in patients with wheezy bronchitis or asthma has been described. Most respiratory infections were viral or Mycoplasma pneumoniae. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection on bronchial reactivity and atopic background. 106 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia who were admitted to the department of pediatrics, Fatima Hospital, Taegu during the period of two years from January 1989 to December 1990 were involved in this study. The results were as follows 1) Out of 106 cases, 69 were male,37 were female and 34.9% of the cases were between 5~6 years of age. 35 cases(33.0%) had wheezing and the incidence of wheezing were higher in male than in female. 2) The incidence of wheezing was high in the patients with serum IgE level higher than 200IU/ml, patients with past and family history of allergy and the patients fed with formula feeding in infancy. 3) Eosinophils and the associated maxillary sinusitis had no effect on the incidence of wheezing. 4) The recurrence of wheezing was higher in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with wheezing(26.8%) than in patients without wheezing(3.8%).
Asthma ; Bronchitis ; Child* ; Daegu ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Incidence ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Maxillary Sinusitis ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pediatrics ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Sounds* ; Respiratory Tract Infections

No abstract available.

Effects of oral estrogen (Tibolone) on the urinary symptoms and urodynamics parameters were assessed by a double-blind prospective trial in 24 postmenopausal women. Patients were assessed subjectively and objectively before and after treatment by symptom score change, urethral pressure profiles and uroflow. There was statistical difference in the subjective response (symptom score) to treatment between the two groups (p<0.001), there was no significant urodynamic changes (p> 0.05). Although there was no significant urodynamic changes, estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women was effective to improve urinary symptoms. Careful observation with periodic follow up will be needed because of possible harmful side effects of estrogen.
Estrogens* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Urodynamics*