No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Recurrence*

PURPOSE: We examined the relationship between BIS, sedation score and plasma midazolam concentration to verify the usefulness of BIS to assess the patient's consciousness during sedation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-five young, healthy adult volunteers participated in this clinical study. Midazolam was administered intravenously up to 0.08 mg/kg to induce unconsciousness and we monitored the patient's physiological and conscious status until complete recovery from sedation. BIS and sedation score were measured before sedation, 10, 20, 30 minutes after midazolam administration. Plasma midazolam concentration was measured 10 minutes after midazolam administration. BIS was measured using A-2000 BISTM monitor (Aspect Medical Systems, USA) and the degree of sedation was evaluated with the sedation score. RESULTS: The BIS score correlated with the sedation score (r = 0.676, P < 0.05). With the decreased plasma midazolam concentration, the correlation was better with sedation score(r = -0.656).Although BIS values did not correlate with calculated plasma concentration of midazolam (r = 0.467) at 10 minutes after midazolam administration, values after sedation were well distinguished from those before sedation. CONCLUSIONS: BIS is known for an effective predictor of patient's hypnotic state, and it is correlated with the sedation score. But, it doesn't always coincide with the clinical parameters of depth of sedation. So more attention is needed using BIS only during sedation, and it is advisable that the patient's consciousness is monitored with variable sedation score systems every several minutes.
Adult ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Midazolam* ; Plasma* ; Unconsciousness ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Prognosis*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Prognosis*

Inflammatory pseudotumor, originally described in the lung, is a relatively rare tumor-like lesion that occurs in various organs and tissues. It is usually well demarcated from the surrounding tissue, however it can be unfortunately resected as a malignant tumor. A few inflammtory pseudotumor in the kidney have been reported in English literature, but there have been no reports in Korea. We report a case with inflammatory pseudotumor of the kidney. A 48 year old woman had an intermittent flank pain on the right side. An ultrasonographic study suggested a renal cell carcinoma and a nephrectomy was done. Grossly, there were two separate masses with a well demarcated yellowish appearance, measuring 2.3 cm and 1.3 cm in diameter, respectively. Histologically, they were composed of smooth muscle actin positive spindle cells and a large number of foamy histiocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in the fibrotic backgound.
Actins ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nephrectomy ; Plasma Cells

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Merkel Cell* ; Epidermal Cyst* ; Immunosuppression

No abstract available.
Hemoptysis*

No abstract available.
Photochemotherapy* ; Porokeratosis*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Colloids* ; Humans ; Scalp*

Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by one or a combination of the following lesions: (1) glomerular involvement with three distinctive patterns: diffuse glomerulosclerosis, nodular glomerulosclerosis, and exudative lesions; (2) arteriolo sclerosis; (3) urinary tract bacterial infection with pyelonephritis and sometimes emphysematous pyelonephritis. Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an uncommon life-threatening and acute suppurative infection of the kidney, and usually occurs in diabetic female patients. It is characterized by the production of intraparenchymal gas. Glucose fermentation has been considered the main cause of the gas formation. We presented two illustrative nephrectomy cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis in addition to the typical pathologic features of diabetic nephropathy.
Bacterial Infections ; Diabetic Nephropathies* ; Female ; Fermentation ; Glucose ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Pyelonephritis* ; Sclerosis ; Urinary Tract