OBJECTIVES: The present study systematically reviewed previous studies published in Korea regarding obesity status of children and adolescents in order to provide valid directions for future research and to help establish evidence-based prevention strategies. METHODS: The articles were selected by searching the primary keyword ‘obesity’ and the secondary keywords ‘children’, ‘young children’, ‘adolescents’ or ‘kids’ on the KISS (Korean Studies Information Service System). Out of 503 articles excluding the overlap, 308 articles were selected with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Secular trends of obesity research, distribution of subjects, potential risk factors for obesity, and intervention method for obesity management were documented. The associations between obesity and dietary factors were summarized. RESULTS: The overall number of research studies has increased since 2000 but obesity management studies have decreased in recent years. Most of the studies used a cross-sectional design. Research on preschool children were extremely limited. Intervention studies targeting males were prevalent. The most significant variables relevant to dietary habits were speed of eating, regular breakfast and snacking. The most significant food and nutrient intake factors were thiamin and iron. Intakes of cereals and animal foods were significantly higher in obese children than the counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: The present review of locally published articles on the obesity status in children and adolescents suggested the need for well-designed further studies focused on risk factors of obesity and on a range of intervention methods conducive to the development of obesity prevention and management programs.
Adolescent* ; Animals ; Breakfast ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eating ; Edible Grain ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Information Services ; Iron ; Korea* ; Male ; Methods ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Risk Factors* ; Snacks

BACKGROUND: Both atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia may progress to gastric dysplasia. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing progression of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia to dysplasia. METHODS: People diagnosed with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia for the first time received a follow-up endoscopy and were investigated for the cumulative incidence rate of gastric dysplasia by age, gender, smoking habit, alcohol intake, rice consumption and family history of stomach cancer. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence rate increased with age, consuming > or =3 bowls of rice per day and family history of stomach cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that the cumulative incidence rate of gastric dysplasia increased in subjects >61 years (RR=2.54, P=0.014), in those consuming > or =3 bowls of rice per day (RR=1.46, P=0.021) and in those with a family history of stomach cancer (RR=1.31, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: More active management, such as intensive endoscopic follow-up examinations, lifestyle change and education regarding gastric dysplasia, are required in those older than 61 years, having a higher intake of grain or with a family history of stomach cancer.
Edible Grain ; Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Style ; Metaplasia ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Sympathectomy

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify emotional labor, nursing work environment, self-efficacy and happiness index and address factors associated with happiness index to provide basic resources for national psychiatric hospital nurses' happiness at work. METHODS: Participants were 249 nurses working in 5 national psychiatric hospitals. They participated in the survey and data were collected from May 16 to July 30, 2016. Data were analysed using SPSS/WIN 22.0. RESULTS: Mean scores were nurses' emotional labor, 3.89, nursing work environment, 2.77, self-efficacy, 3.77, and happiness index, 3.52. There were significant differences on the happiness index for: department, type of work, career length, position and payment. Happiness index was influenced by self-efficacy, work environment and emotional labor. Explanatory power of these variables was 36.9%. CONCLUSION: These results show that self-efficacy and work environment are important factors related to the happiness of the national psychiatric hospital nurses. Additionally, developing an effective program to facilitate self-efficacy of nurses and research studies to identify effects of such a program are required.
Happiness* ; Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Korea* ; Nursing*

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the prognostic factors of seizure recurrence in newly diagnosed epilepsy at 1 year follow up. METHODS: From the IUED (Inje University Epilepsy Database) we retrieved the epilepsy patients who had never before taken any antiepileptics (AED) and were followed up for 1 year. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records with special attention to : a) age of onset, b) history of antecedents, c) seizure frequency before starting AED, d) abnormal neurological examination, e) MRI findings, f) EEG findings, g) epileptic syndrome classification. We defined seizure recurrence as any seizure occurring during the 1 year evaluation follow up except during the AED titra-tion period, having only an aura and being in poor compliance. We analyzed the prognostic factors that could reliably predict the seizure recurrence at 1 year follow up. RESULTS: We found 104 patients (64 male, 40 female) who met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of onset was 23.7 years. Of 104 patients 19 had generalized epilepsy, 82 had partial epilepsy and 3 had unclassified epilepsy. Thirteen percent (13/104) developed seizure recurrence at the 1 year follow up. Significant univariate associations were noted between seizure recurrence and these factors: presence of antecedents [odds ratio (OR) 4.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-18.5 ], post-encephalitic epilepsy (OR 7.7; 95% CI 2.1 ~ 28), and abnormal neurological examination(OR 14.6; 95% CI 3.9-55). With multivariate logistic regression, the independent predictor of seizure recurrence was the abnormal neurological examination (OR 9.7; 95% CI 2.4 ~ 39.4). CONCLUSIONS: The chance of developing a seizure recurrence at the 1 year follow up was 13 percent and the prognostic factors were the presence of antecedents, post-encephalitic epilepsy and an abnormal neurological examination.
Age of Onset ; Anticonvulsants ; Classification ; Compliance ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Partial ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical Records ; Neurologic Examination ; Recurrence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures*