No abstract available.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*

BACKGROUNDS: To examine the effects of seizure laterality and stimulus type on Wada memory performance in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE). METHODS: The subjects were 43 patients with medically intractable TLE (left TLE 26, Right TLE 17) who had no or rare seizures after surgery. The memory stimuli were concrete figures for some subjects and abstract figures for the other subjects. RESULTS: A clinical criterion of at least 2-points difference between left and right injections correctly classified 31(72%) patients into left and right TLE groups, with 4(9%) patients falsely classified. A discriminant function analysis(DFA) based on left and right injection scores allowed for a correct classification of 37(86%) patients into left and right TLE groups. When the memory stimuli were concrete figures, the correct classification rate was greater for right than left TLE patients. In contrast, with abstract figures, the correct classification rate was greater for left than right TLE patients. CONCLUSIONS: The Wada memory test is a valuable diagnostic aid in lateralizing temporal epileptogenic foci. Stimulus type as well as seizure lateralization is a major determinant of Wada memory asymmetries.
Amobarbital* ; Classification ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; Humans ; Memory* ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe*

No abstract available.
Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin* ; Staphylococcus*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hemagglutination* ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*

OBJECTIVE: We investigate risk factors of cerebral microbleeds(MBs) and their relation to concomitant magnetic resonance (MR) findings in intracerebral hemorrhages(ICHs) patients. METHODS: We studied 100 consecutive patients with primary ICH over a 1-year period. These patients underwent brain MR images using 3.0-T scanners within the first week of the hemorrhage. MBs and old hematomas were located and counted by using T2*-weighted gradient-echo MR imaging. We also counted lacunes and graded white matter and periventricular hyperintensity on T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences. The association between MBs and vascular risk factors and MR abnormalities were analyzed. RESULTS: MBs were seen in 77 of ICH patients, and their number ranged from 1 to 65 lesions (mean 11, median 6). The locations of MBs were subcortex-cortex (40.6%), basal ganglia (26.7%), thalamus (14.1%), brain stem (12.5%), and cerebellum (9.1%). Analysis of clinical data revealed that age, hypertension, history of stroke, and duration of hypertension were frequently associated with MBs. The incidence of lacunes, old hematomas, and advanced leukoaraiosis was significantly higher in the MBs group, compared with the patients without MBs. CONCLUSION: MBs are frequently observed in ICH patients with advancing age, chronic hypertension, and previous hemorrhagic stroke, and are also closely related with morphological signs of occlusive type microangiopathy, such as lacunar infarct and severe leukoaraiosis.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Brain Stem ; Cerebellum ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Leukoaraiosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Thalamus

A total of 30 cases of cerebral gliomas, including 6 cases of low grade astrocytomas, 6 anaplasticastrocytoomas and l8 glioblastomas multiforme, was examined immunohistochemically to demonstrate the overexpression of mutant forms of p53 protein and to evaluate their relationships with histological subtypes. A p53 monoclonal antibody was applied to the routine formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues for this study using microwave-assisted avidin-biotin method. Overexpression of p53 protein was identified in 4 out of 6 anaplastic astrocytomas (66.7%) and in l3 out of l8 glioblastomas multiforme (72.2%). No immunohistochemical positivity of p53 was found in adjacent normal brain tissue, gliosis and 6 cases of astrocytoma. These results suggest that overexpression of mutant p53 may be an important step in the development and progression of malignant astrocytoma, especially of the aggressive subtypes of glioma, including glioblastoma multiforme.
Humans

BACKGROUNDS: The localization validity of interictal scalp EEG abnormalities in the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE) has been a subject of much debate. This study was an attempt to assess the general characteristics and the lateralization value of interictal scalp EEG abnormalities of TLE. We also examined the possible etiologic factors of bitemporal independent epileptiform discharges(BIED). METHODS: We investigated the interictal scalp EEGs of 59 patients. All patients have been seizure free but might have had persistent auras (Engel's classification, class I) after anterior temporal lobectomy(ATL) with minimum follow-up of 1 year. Long term scalp EEG monitoring records were evaluated for interictal EEG abnormalities in all patients. RESULTS: Scalp EEGs from 59 patients exhibited clear epileptiform discharges. Strictly unitemporal epileptiform discharge(UED) was present in 23 patients (39%). It was concordant with the side of seizure origin in 22 patients (95%), and discordant in 1 patient (5%). Thirty six patients (61%) had BIED. Twenty two patients with BIED showed lateralized preponderance which was defined as at least 80% laterality. It was concordant with the side of seizure origin in 21 patients (95%), and discordant in 1 patient (5%), and 14 patients were not lateralized. Bilateral synchronous epileptiform discharges were present in 4 patients (7%), and extratemporal spike in only 1 patient (2%). Localized temporal slow waves were shown in 33 patients (56%). It was concordant with the side of seizure origin in 28 patients, discordant in 1 patient. Four of 33 patients had bilateral temporal slow waves. There was no statistically significant difference in age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy between the groups with UED and with BIED. Febrile seizures occurred similarly in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: It seems obvious that patients with UED or lateralized interictal temporal spike or sharp waves have a strong likelihood of ictal onset from the ipsilateral temporal region.
Classification ; Electroencephalography* ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Scalp* ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile ; Temporal Lobe*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to identify correlations between diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) and motor improvement by quantifying and visualizing the corticospinal tract on DTI to predict motor impairment in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). METHODS: Fifteen normal subjects and 7 patients with hypertensive ICH were examined and the latter were treated surgically. DTI was performed with a 3.0 T MRI. The region of interest(ROI) from the posterior limbs of both internal capsules was measured on a fractional anisotropy(FA) map, and the ratios of ROIs were calculated. Tractography, 3-dimensional DTI was then constructed. Motor impairment was assessed on admission and 2weeks after stroke by the Motricity Index(MI). The FA ratio, tractography and score on MI were analyzed for correlations. RESULTS: The FA ratio from the initial DTI did not show a linear correlation with motor impairment. However, after 2weeks, patients with high FA ratios showed high degrees of motor recovery, regardless of the initial severity, and patients with low FA ratios showed low recovery rates. Otherwise, a relationship between the amount of hematoma and the degree of motor recovery could not be determined. On tractography, injury of the corticospinal tract could be visualized and estimated 3-dimensionally. CONCLUSION: FA ratio analysis and tractography constructed from DTI may be useful in understanding corticospinal tract injury and in predicting the recovery from motor impairment in patients.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging* ; Diffusion* ; Extremities ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Internal Capsule ; Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pyramidal Tracts* ; Stroke

A 29-year-old pregnant woman with recurrent pericardial effusion and a cardiac tumor, diagnosed as an angiosarcoma, was treated with surgical resection of the tumor followed by radiotherapy. Immediately after completion of radiotherapy, she developed bilateral breast masses, which were also confirmed as angiosarcomas. We thought this might be the first case of bilateral angiosarcoma of the breast metastasizing to heart mimicking a primary cardiac angiosarcoma, although we could not conclude with certainty that angiosarcoma of the heart was not the primary site.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms/complications/*pathology/surgery ; Hemangiosarcoma/*pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pericardial Effusion/etiology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Pregnancy ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Behcet's disease has rarely been reported in association with malignant diseases. In most cases the autoimmune nature of the disease itself or immunosuppressive drug use has been blamed for malignant transformation. Solid tumors in addition to lymphoid and hematological malignancies are also seen during the course of Behcet's disease. We present here a case of colon cancer in a 40-year-old man with Behcet's disease. A near total colectomy was performed and postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy was administered to treat visceral peritoneal invasion. Recurrent evidence was not found. We present the clinical details of this rare case of colon cancer with Behcet's disease.
Adult ; Colectomy ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Drug Therapy ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Radiotherapy