No abstract available.
Humans ; Patient Education as Topic* ; Primary Health Care*

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Contact* ; Tigers*

No abstract available.
Alcoholism* ; Primary Health Care*

We reviewed 35 patients who received an operation for the Spondylolisthesis from July 1980 to July 1985. The follow-up period between operation and evaluation was at least 14 months and average 32 months. we obtained the following results. 1. The age distribution was from 23 years of age to 70 years of age and the prevalent decade was at the 5th. 2. Sex difference showed male 9 cases and female 26 cases, that is, female preponderance about 3 times. 3. 24 cases were isthmic type and 11 cases were degenerative type. The ratio between isthmic type and degenerative type was about 2: l. 4. Isthmic type was found at the 4th and 5th decades frequently and degenerative type was at 5th and 6th decade frequently. 5. The displacement between L4 and L5 was 21 cases and the displacement between L5 and sacrum was 14 cases. 6. In isthmic type, the displacement between L4 and L5 was 11 cases and the displacement between L5 and sacrum was 13 cases. In degenerative type, the displacement between L4 and L5 was 10 cases and the displacement between L5 and sacrum was 1 case. So the isthmic defect occurred at 2 levels almost equally and degonerative type occurred at L4-5 predominantly. 7. Overall results are excellent 2 cases(6%), good 29 cases(82%), fair 2 cases(6%), and poor 2 cases (6%).
Age Distribution ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Sacrum ; Sex Characteristics ; Spondylolisthesis

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder. Osteoporosis has emerged as a leading public health problem with elderly persons and its detection is important for prevention and treatment of fracture. this population-based study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis in the elderly women. METHODS: One hundred thirty eight women aged 60 years or older in rural area were investigated with questionnaires and measurements of height, weight. Bone mineral density(BMD) measurements of lumbar spine and femoral neck were made with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). The World Health Organization criteria for diagnosis of osteoporosis using the manufacturer's young adult population mean and our study young population mean have been applied. Our study's young adult population mean was derived using normal premenopausal 37 women aged 30~45 years. RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 45.7% for lumbar spine, 13.0% for femoral neck by the manufacture's young adult mean and 63.0% and 34.8% by our study young adult population mean, respectively. Weight and smoking were associated with lumbar spine BMD. Age was associated with femoral neck BMD. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the prevalence of osteoporosis is dependant on reference population mean and measurement site.
Aged* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Osteoporosis* ; Prevalence* ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spine ; World Health Organization ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of brainstem evoked potential (BAEP) in the diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. METHOD: Sixteen subjects in which BAEP study was compatible with CPA tumors were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the results of BAEP, findings of CT and MRI, and clinical signs. RESULT: Thirteen subjects were reviewed and three were lost in follow-up. 1) CPA tumors were confirmed with CT/MRI in 10 subjects and the other 3 patients had other lesions which could be differentiated from CPA tumors clinically. The positive hit rate of BAEP was 76.9% in 13 patients whose findings were compatible with CPA lesion. 2) Of 10 patients with CPA tumor, the tumors were bilateral in 4 patients and unilateral in 6 patients, and the diagnosis of the tumors were vestibular schwannoma in 9 patients and meningioma in 1 patient. 3) The major symptoms of the patients with CPA tumors were hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, facial nerve palsy, headache, cerebellar dysfunction, nystagmus, and vertigo. 4) The most common abnormal findings of BAEP in the patients with CPA tumors were increase in the interpeak latency I-III and I-V on the affected side and interpeak latency III-V on the unaffected side. CONCLUSION: The BAEP considering clinical correlation is a useful study as a screening test in the diagnosis of CPA tumors because of its high positive hit rate and cost-effectiveness compared with CT/MRI.
Brain Stem* ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Cerebellopontine Angle* ; Diagnosis* ; Dizziness ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Facial Nerve ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mass Screening ; Meningioma ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Paralysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; Vertigo

Purpose: This study examined the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on the flexibility of the hamstring, dynamic balance ability, and function of the lower extremities in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty participants were assigned randomly to three groups: static stretching group (SSG), basic dynamic stretching group (BDSG), and 5 sec dynamic stretching group (5DSG). SSG performed three sets of 30 seconds of static stretching. BDSG performed a single-leg deadlift (SLD) at the same time as SSG, and 5DSG performed SLD held for five seconds. Hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance ability, and lower extremity function were evaluated before and after intervention. Results: The hamstring flexibility significantly improved in all groups (p<0.05). The dynamic balance ability improved significantly after intervention in all groups except BDSG in the anterior direction (p<0.05). There were significant differences in the posterolateral and posteromedial direction in all groups. The function of the lower extremity showed significant improvement over time only in BDSG (p<0.05). Conclusion This study suggested that basic dynamic stretching and 5 sec dynamic stretching positively affect the hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance ability, and lower extremity function. Therefore, it is recommended to include dynamic stretching in a program for improving the hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance ability, and the lower extremity function. In addition, it is recommended to apply it at different times depending on the purpose.

PURPOSE: Recently, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have become one of the major nosocomial pathogens in Korea. However, there have been few studies on the epidemiology of VRE colonization among neonates. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of VRE colonization, risk factors for VRE, and how to control the spread of VRE infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Pusan National University Hospital (PNUH). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 192 neonates who were admitted to the NICU of PNUH from March 2006 to March 2007. Surveillance cultures from rectal swabs for detecting VRE were obtained weekly during the study period. We analyzed the prevalence of VRE and various risk factors. RESULTS: The rate of VRE colonization among NICU patients was 25% (48/192). Thirty five of these VRE colonized patients were transferred to the NICU from other local hospitals. Compared with the non-VRE group, the risk factors associated with VRE colonization were lower birth weight, congenital heart disease, applied mechanical ventilation, use of a central venous catheter, chest tubing, a history of surgery, and use of antibiotics. CONCLUSION: VRE colonization among patients admitted to the NICU is rapidly increasing. Monitoring and managing premature neonates from the beginning of the birth process, avoiding many invasive procedures, avoiding antibiotics such as vancomycin and third generation cephalosporin are important for preventing the emergence and spread of VRE colonization in the NICU.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Birth Weight ; Central Venous Catheters ; Colon ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Parturition ; Prevalence ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thorax ; Vancomycin ; Vancomycin Resistance

OBJECTIVES: Traditional nonparametric efficiency analysis was based on the relationship between the quantitative input and output measures. This study performed nonparametric efficiency analysis, which uses the results of dental hospital accreditation with quantitative output measures. METHODS: Data came from 35 hospitals between 2008 and 2010 that participated in the demonstration projects of dental hospital accreditation. The study employed two-stage double bootstrapping (TSDB) method to overcome the shortcomings and biased results of the traditional Data Envelope Analysis (DEA). Input measures included staffs, dental hygienists, other chair-side assistants, and administrative personnel, as well as dental equipment (dental chairs). Production measures were total revenues and the number of patients that visited the participating hospitals. We considered the environmental variables, which would affect the efficiency score of dental hospitals, dental hospital types, accreditation scores, and patients' satisfaction scores. RESULTS: There was a large split between the traditional DEA scores and TSDB scores. A total of 22 out of 35 hospitals had perfect efficiency in the traditional method, but none of those showed 100% efficiency in the TSDB. Overall efficiency score was the highest in the dental facility of general hospitals (71% mean efficiency), and dental teaching hospitals were the lowest (55% mean efficiency score). The factors that affected the efficiency of dental hospitals were the types of the dental hospital and the accreditation score. CONCLUSIONS: Traditional DEA scores had biased estimates and tended to be higher. The study found that organizational efforts for improving service qualities and patient safety would affect the efficiency, as well as the accreditation results.
Accreditation ; Administrative Personnel ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Dental Equipment ; Dental Facilities ; Dental Staff ; Hospitals, General ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Patient Safety ; Porphyrins

The authors report a case of ectopic paragonimiasis in a 33 year old Korean housewife who came to the hospital because of lower abdominal discomfortness and palpable mass. Parasitic granulomas involved the ovary and posterior wall of the uterine body. This report deals with the rare occurrence of a parasitic infestation in the ovary.