Sexually transmitted diseases(STD) are quite common and observed more frequently in teens. The adolescents represent a group at particular risk for STD due to biological, sociocultural and psychological factors. Undetected infections may lead to unwanted sequelae, including pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic abdominal pain, tubal scarring and increased risk of ectopic pregnancy. Recently, the guidelines for the treatment of sexually transmitted disease have been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) after consultation to a group of professionals in Atlanta during September 26~28, 2000 and published on May 10, 2002. This paper deals with the modified and simplified guidelines for STD for primary general practitions referring recommendation and reports of CDC.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Humans ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Psychology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases*

Contact Dermatitis due to cosmetics is also common in Korea. as in other developed countries. However. detection of the causative antigens is in a difficult situation due to many reasons. We have routinely patch tested with Japanese cosmetic series patch test allergens, Types 17 and 18 in addition to Hollister standard battery and patients own cosmetics to 4Q cases of suspected cosmetic contact dermatitis who have visited our Environmental and Occupational Clinic during the past one year. The study result was as follows. Total 55% ositive reaction related to cosmetics was observed in 4p patch tested patients. 2 The most frequently observed antigens were hydroxycitronellal, benzyl saliylate and cinnamic alcohol.
Allergens ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Developed Countries ; Humans ; Korea ; Patch Tests*

PURPOSE: Adults with GH deficiency(GHD) have abnormal body composition, reduced physical performance, altered lipid metabolism, increased cardiovascular diseases, and reduced quality of life. Administration of GH to these patients reduce clinical abnormalities to normal ranges. Therefore, patients with childhood-onset GHD might need to continue GH replacement after the attainment of final height. Recently studies have shown that a high proportion of patients with childhood-onset GHD are no longer GHD when retested at young adult. METHODS: GH secretion was reevaluated with insulin and clonidine after completion of GH treatment in 29 young adult patients(21.3+/-2.8 yrs, 17 men, 12 women) with childhood-onset GHD diagnosed at a mean age of 11.4+/-3.5 yr. The mean duration of GH treatment was 3.7+/-3.0 yrs. Eleven(11 men) with idiopathic patients presented in 2(18%) isolated GHD and 9(82%) in multiple pituitary hormonal deficiencies. Eighteen(6 men, 12 women) with organic patients presented in 4(22%) isolated GHD and 14(88%) in multiple pituitary hormomal deficiencies, which was caused from craniopharyngioma, germinoma & other lesions. Blood sampling were done as usual method for checking LH, FSH and TSH concentration after injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone & thyrotropin releasing hormone. Serum cortisol levels were also checked after insulin injection and all hormonal concentrations were measured with radioimmunoassay method. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL)-cholesterol concentrations were measured by standard techniques. Bone density was measured in the level of lumbar spine and femur with DEXA. M-mode, two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic studies were performed. Quality of life was assessed from Beck depression inventory questionnaire with age-matched control. RESULTS: All patients with idiopathic and organic GHD were confirmed as GHD through combined pituitary function retesting at young adult. The additional pituitary hormonal deficiencies were increased in numbers. Their total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were increased especially in patients with organic GHD. There were no specific abnormal findings in echocardiographic findings compared to normal reference. Bone density with DEXA showed osteopenia(T score <-1) was found in 20/24(83%) and osteoporosis(T score <-2.5) in 8/24(33%) in young adult GHD. Quality of life was evaluated with BDI questionnaire and showed mild depression in 32% and moderate to severe depression in 11%. CONCLUSION: 82% of patients with idiopathic and 88% of organic GHD have additional pituitary hormonal deficiencies in childhood, showing multiple pituitary hormonal deficiencies rather than isolated GHD and has GHD permanently in all young adults with idiopathic and organic GHD and that is a little different findings from other foreign reports and needs to follow up in future.
Adult ; Body Composition ; Bone Density ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Clonidine ; Craniopharyngioma ; Depression ; Echocardiography ; Femur ; Germinoma ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Insulin ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reference Values ; Spine ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Triglycerides ; Young Adult*

PURPOSE: This study is designed to find out the clinical characteristics, growth status, and response to growth hormone treatment in children with organic growth hormone deficiency(GHD) after treatment of brain tumors. METHODS: Fifty-three children with organic GHD were evaluated for pituitary function, serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) concentrations. We also observed their growth status and corresponding change with or without growth hormone treatment. RESULTS: The causes of organic GHD were craniopharyngioma(47%), germinoma (19%), and medulloblastoma(17%), and 18 children(35%), diagnosed with brain tumors, presented with symptoms suggesting hormonal deficit. Initial height was -2.5+/-.2 SDS in craniopharyngioma, -1.7+/-.1 SDS in germinoma, and -2.1+/-.6 SDS in medulloblastoma, and children with craniopharyngioma showed the highest obesity rate, at 21.4+/-9.3%. After treatment for brain tumors, children with craniopharyngioma had the lowest values of peak GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 concentrations, which were 1.1+/-.3 ng/mL, 74.1+/-6.6 ng/mL(-1.7+/-.2 SDS), and 1.9+/-.0 mg/L(-2.0+/-.1 SDS) respectively. The numbers of deficient hormones increased from 2.4+/-.1 to 3.2+/-.2 after treatment of brain tumors(P<0.05). Nine children showed normal or accelerated growth velocity(growth velocity 7.0+/-.8 cm/yr) without GH replacement and they had higher body mass index(BMI), IGF-1 concentrations, and IGFBP-3 SDS(P<0.05) compared to the others(growth velocity 1.9+/-.9 cm/yr). Height SDS increased every year during the first three years of GH treatment(P<0.05), 0.5+/-.4 SDS(n=20) for the first year, 0.4+/-.4 SDS(n=14) for the second, and 0.3+/-.5 SDS(n=11) for the third, and it increased by 1.1+/-.9 SDS(n=11) in total. CONCLUSION: The numbers of deficient pituitary hormones were increased after operation, irradiation, and/or chemotherapy. Children with GHD showed good response to GH replacement. Some children grew normally in spite of growth hormone deficiency, and their BMI, serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 SDS were increased compared to those of the decreased growth group. This study suggests that further studies are needed to determine the mechanism of growth with low GH concentrations.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Child* ; Craniopharyngioma ; Drug Therapy ; Germinoma ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Medulloblastoma ; Obesity ; Pituitary Hormones

No abstract available.
Autistic Disorder*

No abstract available.
Haemophilus influenzae* ; Haemophilus*

This study was undertaken to observe the difference of patch test and prick test positive reactions in three groups, 20 atopic dermatitis patients, 20 chronic urticaria patients, and 20 normal controls, Twenty commercial antigens (ToriiCo.) and twenty three frozen and boiled antigens of fishes and shellfishes were used as test materials. The results were as follows: 1. No positive reaction was observed in all sixty subjects in patch test. 2 In prick test, difference in reactivity was observed among atopic dermatitis (14. 7%), chronic urticaria (8.7%), and normal control(1. 5%) 3. There was significant difference in reactivity between Torii and frozen antigens in atopic dermatitis group, but no significance in chronic urticaria and control groups. 4. Boiling altered the reactivity in tested materials in all three groups of subjects singificantly. 5. Patients with past or family history of allergic diseases showed double fold higher reactivity tban patients without any history.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Fishes ; Humans ; Patch Tests ; Shellfish* ; Urticaria*

Nickel is widely known as a common source of contact dermatitis and nickel sensitivity amounts to nearly 10 percent of allergic contact dermatitis patients. Common sources of nickel dermatitis are well known as necklaces, watches, rings, hooks, earrings and spectacle frames. Recently, we have seen five cases of nickel dermatitis the suspected sources of which were metal spectacle frames. The interim patch test result in our occupational and environmental clinic suggests that the metal spectacle frame is one of the most common sources of nickel dermatitis. Out of 84 medical students 27 wore metal spectacle frames. We have done a dimethylglyoxime spot test to the metal spectacle frames and got a positive result in 12 out of 27(44.4%). We conclude that metal spectacle frame seems to be one of the dominant causes of nickel dermatitis and it will be an increasing problem in our society.
Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Ear ; Humans ; Nickel ; Patch Tests ; Students, Medical

PURPOSE:Craniopharyngioma is one of the most common causes of organic growth hormone deficiency leading to pituitary hormonal insufficiency. However, some growth hormone(GH)-deficient children with craniopharyngioma may grow normally or even show accelerated growth. This study was designed to evaluate several factors associated with growth of patients with craniopharyngioma. METHODS:Forty children operated on for craniopharyngioma were evaluated for their pituitary function, serum insulin like growth factor-I(IGF-I), serum insulin like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) and serum prolactin levels. We also observed their growth status and corresponding changes with or without GH treatment. RESULTS:Among 40 patients, one had normal pituitary hormonal status and one had isolated GHD(GH deficiency). The other patients showed multiple pituitary hormone deficiency including GH(98%), LH, FSH(75%), TSH(65%), ACTH(62%), and ADH(38%) deficiencies. Patients with GHD were categorized into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of children who showed normal growth, thus had not received GH treatment(n=14) and Group 2, those who showed subnormal growth(n=25). Patients in Group 2 were subdivided into Group 2A, when the patients had not received GH treatment in spite of subnormal growth(n=9) and Group 2B, when GH treatment had been added later on(n=16). There were no differences in the age at diagnosis of GHD, initial height standard deviation score(Ht SDS), body mass index(BMI), peak GH concentration between Group 1 and Group 2. Height velocities in Group 1, 2A, and 2B were 8.1+/-.2 cm/yr, 2.4+/-.2 cm/yr, 2.7+/-.2 cm/yr during the first year of endocrinologic follow-up, 7.1+/-.8 cm/yr, 1.2+/-.1 cm/yr, 7.6+/-.7 cm/yr during the second year, 5.9+/-.0 cm/yr, 2.8+/-.9 cm/yr, 7.3+/-.7 cm/yr during the third year, respectively. BMI changes during the first year of endocrinologic follow-up and postoperative prolactin levels were not significantly different between Group 1 and Group 2A. Postoperative IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in Group 1 were significantly higher than those in Group 2A(P<0.05). Both IGFBP-3 and prolactin levels correlated significantly with height velocity in Group 1 and 2A(P=0.004 r=0.64 and P= 0.035 r=0.74 , respectively). CONCLUSION: In this study, growth in children with craniopharyngioma was likely to be associated with IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and prolactin levels. Further studies are needed to unravel other growth promoting factors related to GH independent growth.
Child* ; Craniopharyngioma* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Prolactin

This study was undertaken to elucidate extracutaneous hyperpigmentation of nevus of Ota by analyzing the 70 patients who visited Cryosurgery Clinic in Seoul National University Hospital between January 1984 and March 1985 This results were as follows: 1. The age of onset showed two peaks: the first one was at birth or soon after birth; 27 cases(38. 6%) and the second une was between 11 and 17 years; 37 cases (45. 7%). 2 Seventy cases were classified by Taninos method: 15.7% was type I a, 27. l% type I b, 28. 6% type Il, 20. O% type g and 8. 6% type IV 3.Fifty two out of 70 cases who were examined at the department of ophtha1rnology: pigrnentation of sclera was observed in 29 cases(55. 8%.), of conjunctiva in 18 cases(34.6%), of uveal tract in 14 cases(26. 9A), of fundus in 14 cases (26. 9%) and of optic papilla in 2 cases(3. 8%). 4 Fifty two out of 70 cases who were examined at the department of Otorhinolaryngology. pigmentation of tympanum was observed in ]0 cases(23, 8%,), of nasal mucosa in 6 cases(14. 3p,), of oral mucosa in 5 cases(11, 9%), of external auditory canal in 4 cases(9 5%) and of pharynx in 1 case(2.4%,)
Age of Onset ; Conjunctiva ; Cryosurgery ; Ear Canal ; Ear, Middle ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation* ; Mouth Mucosa ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nevus of Ota* ; Nevus* ; Optic Disk ; Otolaryngology ; Parturition ; Pharynx ; Pigmentation ; Sclera ; Seoul ; United Nations