BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia in human hypertension and in various animal models of hypertension may be due to abnormal maximal coronary vasodilator reserve and disturbaces of coronary vasomotion. The vascular reactivity defects in hypertension have been associated with the defective endothelium and sympathetic neural activation. However, such abnormalities in hypertension need to be elucidated. In the present study the effectsof cardiac ischemia reperfusion on coronary circulation, intramyocytic adenylates and purine nucleosides were examined in Langendorff-perfused Sprague Dawley rat (SD) and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts. Coronary venous and cardiac lactate and cardiac pyruvate were also measured. It should be noted that in the regulation of coronary flow the intrinsic flow autoregulation is highly variable due to coexisting metabolic flow control, and that natural coronary flow and cardiomyocytic energy state are normally reciprocally related in perfused heart. METHODS: For the Langendorff heart perfusion, bicarbonate perfusion buffer (pH 7.40+/-0.02,37degrees C) was equilibrated with 95% O2 : 5% CO2 and contained 5mM glucose (+5U/1 insulin) and 2mM pyruvate as energy-yielding substrates. Global hypoperfusion ischemia was induced by lowering coronary perfusion pressure of 100 to 40 cmH2O, followed by 20 min reperfusion. RESULTS: During the ischemia and reperfusion, metabolic acidosis and enhanced venous lactate output in SHR were observed with increases in coronary vascular resistance and myocardial oxygen consumption.In addition, coronary reactive hyperemia during reperfusion was depressed. Although ischemia-induced increase in combined adenosine plus inosine were abolished during prolonged reperfusion, SD still exhibited coronary vasodilation. The depressed reactive hyperemia in SHR was associated with decreases in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pool and creatine phosphate/inorganic phosphate (CrP/Pi) ratio and an increase in cardiac lactate/pyruvate ratio. CONCLUSION: This abnormal vascular reactivity during ischemia and reperfusion in SHR may be in part due to an alteration in the cardiac energy state and hence to a mismatch between myocardial metabolic demand and supply.
Acidosis ; Adenosine ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Coronary Circulation ; Creatine ; Endothelium ; Glucose ; Heart* ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Hypertension ; Inosine ; Ischemia ; Lactic Acid ; Models, Animal ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Oxygen ; Perfusion* ; Purine Nucleosides ; Pyruvic Acid ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR* ; Reperfusion ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasodilation

No abstract available.
Coronary Circulation* ; Heart* ; Rats, Inbred SHR*

This study was conducted to analyze the relations among nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude eating practice and total nutritional diagnosis and also to find the influencing factors of them. The survey was done during the period from April 1990 to June 1990 and the target population were Ewha Woman's University students (freshmen and senior) of whom 1,354 peoples were surveyed. The summarized results are as follows ; 1. For the learning environment, the percentage of completion on nutritional knowledge course was 28.6% and among them the department of foods and nutrition had the highest score(100.0%) and the next was dept. of medicine(53.4%). 2. To find the relation which the nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude, eating practice and the total nutritional diagnosis influence on one another, the multiple correlation analysis was done. The attitude the practice were highly correlated with total nutritional diagnosis, but the correlation between nutritional knowledge and total nutritional diagnosis was not significant. The correlation between the practice and nutritional knowledge which were positively and significantly correlated with attitude respectively was positive but not significant. 3. The difference which were analyzed by department, grade and completion on knowledge course on the nutritional knowledge, attitude, eating practice were significant (p<0.01) by ANOVA. 4. The significant variables on nutritional diagnosis are the eating practice points, the grade, the knowledge course, the breakfast and the attitude (r2=10.3%) by multiple regression analysis. This study has the limitation that it did not consider the environmental factors of dietary life such as dietary culture, family environment, cultural habit. Therefore important points of these dietary studies are to extend to the practical nutritional education and dietary improvement for the national health not restricted to the local area or local population.
Attitude ; Breakfast ; Diagnosis ; Eating* ; Education ; Female ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Learning

The author investigated serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and complements (C3) of cord blood in 74 cases of normal fullterm infants and 50 cases of premature infants. Serum immunogloblin and complement levels were measured by the single radial immunodiffusion method. The following results were obtained; 1) The mean seru IgG levels of cord blood in 74 cases of the normal full term infants was 1407.3+/-230.5mg/dl. 2) The mean serum IgG levels of cord blood in 50 cases of the premature infants was 675.2+/-329.4mg/dl. In comparison of serum IgG levels between the premature infants and the normal full term infants, serum IgG levels in the premature infants was significantly lower than that level of the normal infants (P< 0.05). 3) The serum IgA levels were measured in 28 (37.8%) of 74 cases of the normal full term infants and in 6 912%) of 50 cases of the premature infants. The serum IgA levels measured ranged from 0.4mg/dl to 3.7mg/dl in the normal full term infants and ranged from 0.4mg/dl to 2.4mg/dl in the prematre infants. 4) The mean serum IgM levels of cord blood in 74 cases of the normal full term infants was 4.05+/-3.53mg/dl and that in 50 cases of the premature infants was 2.20+/-2.15mg/dl. 5) The mean serum C3 levels of cord blood in 74 cases of normal full term infants was 49.7+/-18.1mg/dl and those of the premature infants was 30.9+/-10.5mg/dl. In comparison of serum C3 levels between the premature infants and the normal full term infants, the mean levels of serum C3 in the premature infants was significantly lower A statistically significant increase of IgG and C3 levels of cord blood in newborn infants were observed in accordance with the increase of the gestational age. It has been suggested that decreased IgG levels among premature infants may provide a rationale for prophylactic gamma globulin administration.
Complement System Proteins* ; Fetal Blood ; gamma-Globulins ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Immunodiffusion ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature

Exercise induced asthma (EIA) is defined as acute, reversible, usually self-limiting airway obstruction which develop after strenous exercise in patients with asthma. EIA is a bigger problem in children than adults due to more active and smaller airways which obstruct more easily when bronchospasm develops. The exercise elicited many change in pulmonary function of asthmatic children. These change could be measured by measurements of PEFR, FEV1, FVC, or SRaw. The propose of this study is to determine the changes and sensitivity of different pulmonary function test in asthmatic children. 37 asthmatic children exercised on free running and pulmonary function tests were performed before and every 5 minutes during 15 minutes after exercise. The results were as follows. 1) In 37 asthmatic children, EIA developed in 23 children (62%) and did not developed in 14 children (38%). The difference in sex, height, weight, total eosinophil count, serum IgF and test between EIA and Non-EIA were not significant (P>0.05). 2) In EIA group, %PEFR was changed from 109.56% to 83.56%, But in Non-EIA group, %PEFR was not changed before and after exercise loading test. 3) In EIA group, %FEV1 was changed from 90.91% to 74.87%. But in Non-EIA group, %FEV1 was not changed before and after exercise loading test. 4) In EIA group, %FVC changed from 91.83% to 75.35%. But in Non-EIA group, %FVC was not change before and after exercise loading test. 5) There was significant difference in pre-exercise specific airway resistance between EIA (6.7+/-1.7) and normal children (5.8+/-2.2)(p<0.05). In EIA group, %SRaw was changed from 115.7% to 161.2%. But in Non-EIA group, %SRaw was not changed before and after exercise loading test. 6) During the post-exercise observation period, increasement of SRaw was greater than changes in any other pulmonary function test. SRaw is the most sensitive test for the ditection of exercise induced airway obstruction is asthmatic children.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction ; Airway Resistance* ; Asthma ; Asthma, Exercise-Induced ; Bronchial Spasm ; Child* ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Running

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Atrophy* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Spinal Cord*

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans

Gestational trophoblastic tumor is one of the curable disease, but metastatic trophoblastic tumor still shows high mortality rate because of resistance to the chemotherapy. Choriocarcinoma may occur after an any type of human pregnancy. The incidence of choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy is very uncommon, and such tumor appears to follow a more aggressive course with more extensive metastatic spread and is less responsive to chemotherapy resulting in a poorer prognosis. Choriocarcinoma presenting as postpartum hemorrhage, and spontaneous tumor perforation with intra-abdominal hemorrhage is even rarer, requiring emergency laparotomy. We had experienced one case of metastatic choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy that required emergency total abdominal hysterectomy due to uterine perforation and hemorrhage. So, we report this case with brief review of literatures.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Drug Therapy ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Mortality ; Postpartum Hemorrhage ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis ; Trophoblastic Neoplasms ; Uterine Perforation*

Over the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the incidence of multifetal pregna-ncies, primarily because of the introduction of ovarian stimulants for ovulation induction and assisted reproductive technology ( ART ) in infertile patients. It is well established that multifetal pregnancies are associated with an increased frequency of the maternal complications and gre-ater perinatal morbidity and mortyality. The adverse outcome of multifetal pregnancies is dire-ctly proportional to the number of fetuses, primarily as an consequence of prterm delivery. Re-duction in the number of fetuses in multifetal pregnancies has been proposed as a way to impr-ove the perinatal outcome in this situation. Therefore, selective fetal reduction ( SFR ) is sugges-ted as a therapeutic option for continuation of pregnancy with fetuses mature enough to survi-ve. In this paper, we report our infertility clinic experiences with 6 patients who carried mult- ifetal pregnancies including 1 quintuplet, 1 quadruplet, and 4 triplets. from January, 1991 to May, 1996, transabdominal SFR was accomplished by fetal intrathoracic KCl injection at 9~10 weeks of gestation. After the prcedure, 4 patients remained as twin pregnancies, and 2 patients as single pregnancy. There have been 3 sets of twin deliveries and the 2 sets of single delivery. One case was aborted. Two patients were delivered after 37 weeks of gestation, 2 patients were at 35 weeks, and 1 patient at 24 weeks. All babies have been healthy after birth in patients after 35 weeks gestation. There was no fetal anomaly related to the procedure in the 6 cases. We concluded that transabdominal SFR is a rather safe and useful procedure that may improve the outcome of multifetal pregnancies.
Fetus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Ovulation Induction ; Parturition ; Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Quadruplets ; Quintuplets ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Triplets ; Twins