In an attempt to treat the cold urticaria, a new bradykinin inhibitor, homoclomin was administered orally and effective result were obtained. The urticaria was confirmed by the employing the ice cube test on the patient and the positive reaction was appeared generally 10 sec. to 15 min. after application of ice cube on the forearm. After oral administration for 3 days (40mg/day) clinical symptoms were relieved temporarily and weakly positive or negative reaction observed in repeated ice cube test.
Administration, Oral ; Bradykinin ; Forearm ; Humans ; Ice* ; Urticaria*

The anterior decompression and anterior interbody fusion have been the choice of surgical treatment for spinal tuberculosis since 1960. But, multi-level spinal tuberculosis involved more than three vertebrae resulted in large post-debridement defect and spinal instability. So, failure of the graft was very common & postoperative maintenance of the kyphotic angle correction was very difficult. In part of such cases as multi-level spinal tuberculosis, we performed supplementary anterior instrumentation in a single-stage procedure. The authors analyzed total 39 surgical cases of multi-level tuberculosis of the thoracolumbar spine from January 1985 to June 1992. The patients treated only with a strut graft were designated as group I(n=23) and the patients added by anterior instrumentation as group II(n=16). Mean age of 39 cases was 33.1 years, and mean follow-up period was 31.6 months. The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative results of group I with those of group II by measuring the angular kyphosis on serial lateral roentgenograms, and to provide an aid in selecting method of surgery before treatment of multi-level spinal tuberculosis with high risk of progression of kyphosis. The results were as follows: 1. There were 16 cases of thoracolumbar, 14 cases of thoracic, 9 cases of lower lumbar lesions, and numbers of vertebrae involved were 4.2 in mean. 2. By standard Cobb lateral measurement, mean preoperative angle of segmental kyphosis was 32.5° in group I, and 45.1° in group II, and group II proved as more kyphotic. After operation, mean angle of segmental kyphosis was 24.7° in group I and 32.4° in group II. 3. On final F/U, mean angle of segmental kyphos was 32.7° in group I, and 37.3° in group II, and final loss of correction was 8.0° in group I, 4.9° in group II. 4. There were 8 patients(34.8%) of graft-related complications in Group I, and 2(12.5%) in group II. And graft failure in group I resulted in severe loss of correction of segmental kyphosis, but graft failure in group II did not, through graft protection by anterior instrumentation. 5. There were 3 patients(18.8%) of implant-related problems in group II; two during and one after union. In these former two cases, bony union was obtained without loss of correction by prolonged application of brace. No cases of group II was associated with persistence or recurrence of infection after instrumentation. In our opinion, anterior interbody fusion and combined anterior instrumentation can be effective and safe one of methods in surgical treatment for multi-level tuberculosis of the spine which has been considered as the most important determinant of the result by its extensive vertebral involvement with resulting large post-debridement defect to be struted.
Braces ; Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; Methods ; Recurrence ; Spine ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal

Vertebral stabilization using transpedicular screw fixation device is widely used in the surgical treatment of degenerative lumber diseases such as spinal stenosis, pseudospondylolisthesis, and spinal instability. The use of transpedicular screw fixation devices provides substantial advantages with regard to an increase of the rate of solid arthrodesis, early rehabilitation, short segment spinal fusion, and restoration of sagittal lumbar lordosis. The authors analyzed 11 patients showing definite postoperative loss of the lumbar sagittal lordosis in a total of 110 surgical cases of degenerative lumbar diseases who underwent segmental spinal fusion using transpedicular screws from January 1981 to December 1993. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes of loss of lumbar sagittal lordosis in the instrumented segments and to present some precautions in transpedicular screw fixation for surgical patients with degenerative lumbar spines to maintain corrected lumbar sagittal lordosis. The results from this study were as follows: 1. By standard Cobb lateral measurements, eleven cases in a total of 110 patients showed definite loss of lumbar sagittal lordosis more than 4 degrees. 2. The period reflecting loss of lordosis was roughly within postoperative four months which were critical fusion time of the grafted bone mass, which lasted an average of 4.8 months in this study. 3. The implants led to loss of lordosis consisted of 6 cases in 53 Diapasons, 4 cases in 32 Wiltses, and a case in 15 Steffee plate systems. Diapason & Steffee plate systems were classified as a rigid type and Wiltse system as a flexible one. 4. The causes of postoperative loss of lordosis were recognized as 2 cases of screw toggling, 5 cases of screw-rod locking failure and 4 cases of rod bending. 5. The group resulted in more loss of lordosis in degrees was related to significant change between preoperative and postoperative lordosis, distraction of disc space during operation, extensive discectomy, and reduction of degenerative spondylolisthesis which were the cases of the anterior column deficiency.
Animals ; Arthrodesis ; Diskectomy ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Rehabilitation ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; Transplants

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to explore nursing workplace spirituality, end-oflife care stress, and resilience as factors influencing compassion fatigue among nurses working in hospice and palliative care units. Methods: Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire completed by 146 nurses at 14 hospice and palliative care institutions across South Korea who had worked in a hospice and palliative care institution for at least 6 months and had experience providing end-of-life care. Data were collected from February 25, 2019 to April 12, 2019, and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 18.0. As appropriate, descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were used. Results: The survey results showed that factors influencing compassion fatigue were resilience, subjective health status, current satisfaction with the hospice ward, and end-of-life care stress. Higher levels of resilience, a subjective health status of “healthy”, high levels of current satisfaction with the hospice ward, and lower levels of end-of-life care stress were associated with lower levels of compassion fatigue, explaining 42.9% of the total variance. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that resilience is an important factor mitigating compassion fatigue among nurses at hospice and palliative care institutions. Therefore, intervention programs should be developed to reduce compassion fatigue.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using gauze frozen with normal saline or ice on thirst-relief and oral condition of laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. Participants (n=53) received either gauze frozen with normal saline (n=17), ice (n=18) or wet gauze (n=18) for thirst-relief. The subjective thirst level and oral condition of the participants were assessed before the intervention, 15 min after the first intervention and 15 min after the second intervention. RESULTS: After oral care was provided twice, there were significant differences in thirst level among the groups. When oral care was provided twice, the oral condition of tongue, saliva, mucosal membrane, and gingiva was improved in patients receiving gauze frozen with normal saline or ice. CONCLUSION: Gauze frozen with normal saline and ice can be effective for oral care in reducing the thirst level and improving the condition of the oral cavity.
Adult ; Aged ; *Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Female ; Freezing ; Gallbladder Diseases/*surgery ; Gingiva/drug effects ; Humans ; *Ice ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa/drug effects ; Pilot Projects ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; Saliva/physiology ; *Thirst/drug effects ; Tongue/drug effects

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was first to identify knowledge about, attitude toward, and educational needs for dementia in certified caregivers; secondly, to understand the relationships among those variables; and thirdly, to provide base-line data for education program development. METHODS: The participants in this study were 670 certified caregivers who were working in nursing homes or care hospitals throughout the whole of the country and engaged in education programs for improvement of their professional abilities. Collected data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, Duncan, and Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS 18.0 for Windows Program. RESULTS: The scores for knowledge about, attitude toward, and educational needs for dementia were 14.12+/-2.83 out of 20, 42.27+/-5.54 out of 50 (item mean 4.22), and 121.51+/-22.13 out of 160 (item mean 3.79) respectively. There were statistically significant positive correlations between knowledge and attitude (r=.238, p<.001), educational needs (r=.083, p=.032), and attitude and educational needs (r=.244, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Tailored and continuous educational programs for certified caregivers that can improve knowledge about the causes and symptoms of dementia should be developed. Nurses and professors who are experts in dementia should be on the front lines of education for caregivers.
Caregivers* ; Dementia* ; Education ; Humans ; Nursing Homes ; Program Development

PURPOSE: To evaluate protective mechanism of melatonin against radiation damage and its relationship with apoptosis in mouse jejunum. MATERIALS AND METHODS:' 168 mice were divided into 28 groups according to radiation dose and melatonin treatment. To analysis crypt survival, microcolony survival assay was done according to Withers an (l Elkind's method. To analysis apoptosis, TUNEL assay was done according to Labet-Moleur's method. RESULTS: Radiation protection effect of melatonin was demonstrated by crypt survival assay and its effect was stronger in high radiation dose area. Apoptosis index with 8 Gy irradiation was 18.4% in control group and 16.5% in melatonin treated group. After 18 Gy, apoptosis index was 17.2% in control group and 15.4% in melatonin treated group. Apoptosis index did not show statistically significant difference between melatonin treated group and control group. CONCLUSION: Melatonin shows clear protective effect in mouse jejunum against radiation damage but it.', protective effect seems not to be related with apoptosis protection effect.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Cell Survival* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Jejunum ; Melatonin* ; Mice* ; Radiation Protection

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Simulation-based learning has become a powerful method to improve the quality of care and help students meet the challenges of increasingly complex clinical practice settings. The purpose of this study was to identify the learning effects using high-fidelity SimMan and multi-mode simulation. METHODS: Participants in this study were 38 students who were enrolled in an intensive course for a major in nursing at R college. Collected data were analyzed using Chi-square, t-test, and independent t-test with the SPSS 18.0 for Windows Program. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in learning effects between high-fidelity SimMan and multi-mode simulation group. However, skills in clinical performance in the high-fidelity SimMan group were higher than in the multi-mode group (p=.014), communication in clinical performance in multi-mode simulation group was higher than in the high-fidelity SimMan group (p<.001). CONCLUSION: Multi-mode simulation with a standardized patient is an effective learning method in many ways compared to a high-fidelity simulator. These results suggest that multi-mode simulation be offered to students in nursing colleges which cannot afford to purchase a high-fidelity simulator, or offered as an alternative.
Adult ; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate ; Emergency Medical Services ; Female ; Heart Arrest/*nursing ; Humans ; Learning ; Male ; Manikins ; *Patient Simulation ; Students, Nursing/psychology

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify and explain the essences and structures of maternal conflicts in Vietnamese married immigrant women in Korea. METHODS: A phenomenological methodology was used for the study. Eleven Vietnamese married immigrant women participated in the study. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. RESULTS: Four categories, 10 clusters and 26 themes emerged from the data for the experience in maternal conflicts of Vietnamese married immigrant women. The four categories were 'An unprepared young motherhood in another culture', 'Feeling left out of the mother's place along the bands of Nap tai tradition', 'My image is like not-being able to stand alone/be independent' and 'Finding hope in motherhood despite of conflicts and stigmas'. CONCLUSION: Vietnamese married immigrant women experienced not only the negative aspects but also sublimation of maternal conflicts. Based on the results, health professionals need to develop effective nursing interventions toward a positive maternal identity and approach with interculturalism for the Vietnamese married immigrant women in Korea.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Communication Barriers ; Emigrants and Immigrants/*psychology ; Family/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Marriage ; Maternal Behavior/*psychology ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea ; Vietnam