No abstract available.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Endarterectomy* ; Pulmonary Embolism*

We studied the effect of retinoic acid, a potent differentiation inducer, on the proliferation and invasiveness of hormone resistant prostatic cancer cell lines, PC-3 and DU-145. Cellular growth measurement by MTY assay, flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis, Papanicolaou staining for examining the change of morphologic features and in vitro invasion assay using artificial basement membrane, matrigel, were performed under various concentration of all-trans-retinoic acid. Inhibition of cellular proliferation was retinoic acid dose dependent in both cell lines. Decreased S-phase and increased G-1 phase fraction were identified with time dependent manner in both cell lines. Less prominent chromatin and nucleotide, decreased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio were shown in Papanicolaou staining after 7 days culture with 10 uM of retinoic acid. In in vitro invasion assay, PC-3 cells showed decreased netlike formation and penetration though matrigel, and DU-145 cells showed decreased colony formation with 10 uM of retinoic acid. These findings suggest that the retinoic acid could ave the possibility of clinical application in hormone resistant prostatic cancer patients as a new therapeutic modality, differentiation therapy.
Basement Membrane ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line* ; Cell Proliferation ; Chromatin ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Tretinoin*

Background: Chronic airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are increasingly being treated with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). However, ICSs carry potential infection risks, particularly nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This study investigated the association between ICS use and NTM infection risk using national insurance data, particularly for individuals with chronic airway diseases. Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based study using data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort in South Korea from 2002 to 2019. The cohort included 57,553 patients diagnosed with COPD or asthma. To assess the risk of NTM infection, we used Cox proportional hazards models and propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to ensure a balanced analysis of covariates. Results: Of the 57,553 patients (mean age 56.0 years, 43.2% male), 16.5% used ICS and 83.5% did not. We identified 63 NTM infection cases, including nine among ICS users and 54 among non-users. Before and after IPTW, ICS use was associated with a higher risk of NTM infection (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 4.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48 to 15.58). Higher risks were significant for patients ≥65 years (adjusted HR, 6.40; 95% CI, 1.28 to 31.94), females (adjusted HR, 10.91; 95% CI, 2.24 to 53.20), never-smokers (adjusted HR, 6.31; 95% CI, 1.49 to 26.64), systemic steroid users (adjusted HR, 50.19; 95% CI, 8.07 to 312.19), and those with higher comorbidity scores (adjusted HR, 6.64; 95% CI, 1.19 to 37.03). Conclusion ICS use in patients with chronic airway diseases might increase the risk of NTM infection, particularly in older females, never-smokers, and systemic steroid users.

Rupture of intracranial vessel during general anesthesia dramatically jeopardise patient's state and may lead to death. A sudden cardiovascular change during intubation and extubation in general anesthesia is dangerous, especially in patient with coronary and intracranial vascular disease. Myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure or intracranial hemorrhage can occur in such condition, but these occur rarely. We discovered the rupture of the hidden intracranial arteriovenous malformation in 13 years old female patient after tonsillectomy. We discuss about prognosis, prophylaxis and management of the intracranial arteriovenous malformation rupture during general anesthesia.
Adolescent ; Anesthesia, General* ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Female ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Intubation ; Myocardial Infarction ; Prognosis ; Rupture* ; Tonsillectomy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to study whether the Doppler ultrasound differentiate obstructive hydronephrosis from nonobstructive hydronephrosis in sonographically diagnosed hydronephrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 35 kidneys of 27 patients with hydronephrosis which were diagnosed with sonography. Resistive indices were calculated from Doppler waveforms at the level of interlobar or arcuate arteries. We divided the materials into two groups with obstructive and nonobstructive hydronephrosis according to the findings of intravenous pyelography, retrograde pyelography, and anterograde pyelography. These were compared with normal control group(20 kidneys in 10 persons). We also grouped patients regarding to the duration after onset of clinical symptom, and graded the hydronephrosis into three group according to sonographic findings. We analyzed the correlations of the above sonography and clinical findings with resistive index. Hydronephrosis was obstructive in 20 kidneys(in 17 patients) and nonobstructive in 15 kidneys(in 10 patients). RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between the mean resistive indices in obstructive hydronephrosis(0.74 +/- 0.02) and that in nonobstructive hydronephrosis (0.60 +/- 0.02)(p<0.05). Also there was no difference between the mean resistive indeces in nonobstructive hydronephrosis and that in normal control group(0.59 +/- 0.07)(P > or = 0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of Doppler sonography can be helpful in detecting the presence or absence of true obstruction in patients with hydronephrosis.
Arteries ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Kidney* ; Ultrasonography ; Urography

H.S.G. has been proven to be an important diagnsotic method in clinical gyencology for under 50 yrs. It isvaluable in the investigation of the uterine and tubal factors of female infertility. Hysterosalpingograms of 81 patients with infertility were analysed and following brief results were obtained. 1. Ratio between primary andsecondary infertility was 3:5, 2ndary infertility was more frequent. 2. Age distribution was more frequnet under 30 years of age than over 30 years of age. 3. Abnormal uterine finding was only seen in 18 cases, abnormal tubalfinding was only seen in 25 cases and combined uterine and abnormalities were seen in 14 cases. 4. Abnormaluterine findings were malposition (12 cases), filling defect (5), spastic uterus(5), irregular contour (3),arcuate uterus(3), dideplphia(1), in order of frequency. 5. Abnormal tubal findings were hydrosalpinx (21 cases), occlusion(19), intravasation (6), beaded appearance(3), & diverticula(2) , in order of frequency. 6. Negativefinding in both uterus and tube was seen in 23 cases. 7. In 2 cases, pregnancy after the H.S.G. examination wasconfirmed.
Age Distribution ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Female ; Methods ; Muscle Spasticity ; Pregnancy ; Uterus

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility, preliminary efficacy, and effects of a mobile app healthcare coaching program developed based on self-regulation theory among youths with type 1 diabetes. Methods: A mixed-method design was utilized. Participants were randomly assigned into intervention (n=23, 12-week coaching program) or control groups (n=16, usual care). Pre- and post-intervention assessments included self-efficacy, diabetes management behavior, and health outcomes (quality of life, depression, and HbA1c). Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN ver. 26.0. The narrative information from the participants in the healthcare coaching program underwent content analyzed. Results: The intervention group had significantly lower depression scores (t=2.57, p=.014) than the control group. No significant differences were observed in self-efficacy, diabetes management behavior, and health outcomes between the two groups. The average frequency of health behavior monitoring per week among the participants was 1.86±1.60. The qualitative findings indicated that participants perceived improved diabetes self-management with the intervention; however, challenges during vacations, dietary control difficulties, and a lack of disease awareness were identified. Conclusion The healthcare coaching program improved psychological aspects for youth with type 1 diabetes. Further research is needed to develop and implement mobile app interventions aimed at enhancing compliance with diabetes management in pediatric and adolescent populations.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that have effects on the neurological deficit in the patients with thoracolumbar fracture. METHODS: Forty-eight patients were included. Cause of injury, type of injury, time interval, combined injury, kyphotic angle, spinal canal compromise, sagittal diameter, the most narrow sagittal diameter, transverse diameter, the most narrow transverse diameter, and remained height of vertebra body were concerned as the factors. The patients with American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA) impairment scale grade A to D were considered as having neurology while others with ASIA grade E were considered to be without neurology. The patients with ASIA grade A were classified to paraplegia group and the patients with ASIA grade B to E were not thought to be paraplegia. Statistical analysis for these groups were performed. RESULTS: Spinal canal compromise (P<0.001) have correlation with neurological deficit. The most narrow sagittal diameter was smaller in the group with deficit than that in the group without deficit (P=0.004). Also, combined injury have correlation with neurology (P=0.028). Spinal canal compromise (P<0.001), sagittal diameter (P=0.032), the most narrow sagittal diameter (P=0.025), and Denis type (P<0.001) also have correlation with paraplegia. CONCLUSION: The factors of percentage of spinal canal compromise, the most narrow sagittal diameter, and combined injury are predictive of neurological deficit. The patients with paraplegia may be predicted by the factors such as type of injury, spinal canal compromise, sagittal diameter, the most narrow sagittal diameter, and Denis type.
Asia ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Neurology ; Paraplegia ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Fractures ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine

Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) are predisposed to developing embryonal tumors, with hepatoblastoma being the most common type. Our patient showed hemihypertrophy, macroglossia, and paternal uniparental disomy in chromosome 11 and was diagnosed with BWS. When the patient was 9 months old, a 2.5×1.5 cm oval hypoechoic exophytic mass was detected in the inferior tip of his right liver. Preoperative imaging identified it as hepatoblastoma; however, histologic, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopic findings were compatible with adrenal cortical neoplasm with uncertain malignant potential. The origin of the adrenal tissue seemed to be heterotopic. Here, we describe for the first time an adrenal cortical neoplasm with uncertain malignant potential arising in the heterotopic adrenal cortex located in the liver of a patient with BWS.
Adrenal Cortex ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver ; Macroglossia ; Uniparental Disomy

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) in rheumatology allows a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease as well as early diagnosis and appropriate evaluation of the disease status and treatment responses. Despite the limited availability because of the high cost, there is growing evidence for the advantages and clinical application of these modalities to various rheumatic diseases. This review discusses the basic mechanisms and clinical applications of MRI and PET in certain rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, large vessel vasculitis, central nervous system disease associated with rheumatic diseases, polymyalgia rheumatica, adult-onset Still’s disease, and immunoglobulin G4-related disease.