No abstract available.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Early Diagnosis* ; Neurologic Examination*

Natural cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer (NK) cells is believed to play an important role in host anticancer defense mechanisms. The aim of this study is to compare the number of NK cells in patients with colorectal cancer and hemorrhoids, and before and after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer. Twenty colorectal cancer patients and twenty hemorrhoid ones were studied. Venous blood samples were obtained preoperatively, and on the 7th, and 14th postoperative days. Mononuclear cells were isolated over Ficoll-Hypaque gradients, and T cells, B cells, and NK cells were measured with CD3 FITC (T cell), CD 19 PE (B cell), and CD56 FITC (NK cell) antibody, The number of T cell (/mm3) was 1224, 1280, and 1125 at preoperative, 7th, and 14th postoperative day in hemorrhoid patients and 1195, 901, and 1060 in colorectal cancer patients respectively. The number of B cell (/mm3) was 243, 160, and 250 in hemorrhoid patients and 147, 78, and 113 in colorectal cancer patients. The number NK cell (/mm3) was 148, 156, and 143 in hemorrhoid patients and 129, 85, and 128 in colorectal cancer patients. There was no difference among Dukes stages in the number of NK cells. In conclusion, the number of NK cells was not changed in colorectal cancer patients compared with hemorrhoid ones. Major operation changed the number of NK cells in colorectal cancer patients.
B-Lymphocytes ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Defense Mechanisms ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural* ; T-Lymphocytes

No abstract available.
Female ; Mucins* ; Ovary*

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in patients with positional dependent sleep apnea according to their non-supine apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, > or =5 vs. <5). METHODS: 92 patients with positional sleep apnea were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups : group I was non-supine AHI having > or =5 ; group II was non-supine AHI having less than 5. Statistical analysis was performed to find the difference between two groups. RESULTS: In 92 patients, the number of group I patients was 11 (12%) and the number of group II patients was 81 (88%). In the severe AHI group, percentage of group I was dominated (70%) and showing a significant difference compared with the mild and moderate AHI groups (p<.05). In the severe body mass index (BMI) group, percentage of group I was dominated (54.5%) and showing a significant difference compared with of the mild and moderate BMI groups (p<.05). The percentage of group I was significantly higher than group II (p<.05) in the AHI, supine AHI, non-supine AHI and snore time. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with positional sleep apnea, severe OSA and high BMI are more common in patients with non-supine AHI> or =5 than non-supine AHI<5.
Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate evidence of exercise programs as interventions to decrease depression, anxiety symptoms and stress as well as to improve physical status and self-esteem in adolescents. METHODS: A search of electronic bibliographic database of Medline Ovid, Embase, KoreaMed and NDSL etc. was carried out to identify studies of randomized controlled trials that included exercise programs for adolescent. Of 679 publications identified, 10 studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria, and all studies were used in the meta-analysis. For Quality assessment of studies, Cochrane's Risk of Bias was used. RESULTS: The effectiveness of exercise therapy in adolescents showed that depression symptoms and stress decreased significantly, -0.50 (95% CI: -0.73~-0.27), -1.65 (95% CI: -3.19~-0.12) respectively, but there were some heterogeneity. Self-esteem increased 0.19 (95% CI: -0.22~0.60) due to exercise therapy but theses scores were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, there is evidence that exercise programs in adolescents are effective in improving depression symptoms, stress, and self-esteem. Therefore, the priority task is to develop tailored exercise programs for Korean adolescents and make efficient use of these programs.
Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Depression ; Electronics ; Electrons ; Exercise Therapy ; Humans ; Population Characteristics

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death in the pediatric population in Korea. In addition, it can cause disability in children and adolescents, with physical and mental consequences. This causes a substantial burden on the health care system and occurs globally and not just in Korea. We searched and reviewed current data on the epidemiologic characteristics of pediatric TBI in Korea. Our review provides the recent epidemiological trend mainly focusing on incidence and mortality along with worldwide reported data. This review will be helpful to understand the global epidemiology of pediatric TBI and its differences between countries.

Gliomas are the most common pediatric tumors of the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the clinical features, treatment paradigms, and evolving concepts related to two types of pediatric gliomas affecting two main locations: the optic pathway and thalamus. In particular, we discuss recently revised pathologic classification, which adopting molecular parameter. We believe that our review contribute to the readers' better understanding of pediatric glioma because pediatric glioma differs in many ways from adult glioma according to the newest advances in molecular characterization of this tumor. A better understanding of current and evolving issues in pediatric glioma is needed to ensure effective management decision.
Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; Central Nervous System ; Classification ; Glioma ; Humans ; Optic Tract ; Pediatrics ; Thalamus ; Treatment Outcome

The cases of bullous eruption of systemic lupus erythematosus in this study were two females. They were the age of 18 and 15. Both of them met ARA criteria for a diagnosis of SLE, and the eruptions developed long after the diagnosis. In both cases bullae were presented on the face, neck and upper extremities. Administration of dapsone showed complete clearing of lesions within several days. Routine histology of the lesion showed subepidermal blisters, an intact epidermis, ancl neutrophilic microabscess in dermal papillae. Direct munofluorescence of perilesional and normal forearm skin showed coarse linear pattern of immune deposits at the basement membrane zone in both cases. Circulating anti-basement membrane zone IgG auto-antibodies were detected at a titer of 1: 32 and 1: 16 in each case on NaC1 separated skin substrates.
Basement Membrane ; Blister ; Connective Tissue Diseases* ; Connective Tissue* ; Dapsone ; Diagnosis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Forearm ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Membranes ; Neck ; Neutrophils ; Skin ; Upper Extremity

Cardiac herniation is a rare catastrophic complication of intrapericardial pneumonectomy. Untreated it is invariably fatal. Left pneumonectomy for removal of huge angiomatosis tumor in left lung was performed in a 44 year-old male patient. At the end of operation, the patient had cardiovascular collapse due to cardiac herniation. Repaired pericardial suture was teared and the heart was herniated in the left thorax. The hernated heart was edematous caused by compression and incarceration of the cardiac muscle by the edge of the pericardial rent. The heart was introduced into the pericardial sac and the defect was closed with large Goretex patch; however the patient ' s brain had sever hypoxic damage. This paper reports a case of cardiac herniation following left intrapericardial pneumonectomy.
Adult ; Angiomatosis ; Brain ; Heart ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Myocardium ; Pneumonectomy* ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Sutures ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: As the incidence of coloanal diseases has been steadily increasing during the past few decades in Korea, we illustrate the necessity of a specialized colorectal clinic for the efficient management of such diseases. METHOD: Outpatients at our colorectal clinic were studied epidemiologically and clinically by retrospective studies between November 1986 to December 1996. RESULTS: During this period, the total number of outpatients were 30,590 of which 24% were new patients. The patient pool consisted of anal diseases (62%), colon diseases (28%) and other diseases (10%). In this study, we found that condyloma, perianal abscesses, anal fistulas were predominant in males compared to females while rectovaginal fistulas, functional bowel diseases, and perianal fissures were predominant in females. There was no sexual bias for rectal cancer. Colorectal diseases occurred in all age groups; however, the peak age was in the fourth or fifth decade where social activity was maximum. There was a variation in age incidence among different disease entities. The range of age for benign conditions such as hemorroids, perianal abscessess and functional bowel diseases were from the third to the fifth decades; however, malignant lesions such as colon cancer were frequently seen in older patients (> 40 years). Condyloma was frequently seen in younger patients (< 20 years). There were no monthly variations in the incidences of colorectal diseases. Yearly variations were not found for colorectal disease, but were found for cancer. Of the cancers, the incidence of rectal cancer was higher than s-colon cancer or colon cancer in year variations. The diagnostic time has been reduced significantly over the past decade. The mean time required for a diagnosis work up in the period from 1984 to 1986 was 9.4 days; the diagnostic time in the period from 1993 to 1996 was 4.7 days. CONCLUSIONS: The incidences of coloanal disease have increased recently in Korea; thus, the demand for an efficient outpatient colorectal clinic has inevitably increased. We concluding that a specialized clinic, such as our colorectal clinic, has become essential for properly managing the exploding number of coloanal patients in Korea.
Abscess ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients* ; Rectal Fistula ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rectovaginal Fistula ; Retrospective Studies