Herpes simplex esophagitis can occur in those with normal immune function, but is more often seen in those who are immunocompromised. In one series, 5 percent of post-kidney transplant recipients had herpes esophagitis. We experienced a case of herpes simplex esophagitis, following renal transplantation in a 9 year old male. He complained of epigastric pain, nausea and blood-tinged vomiting. Endoscopic examination showed volcano ulcer, mucosal friability and multiple confluent ulcers covered by whitish exudates on elevated margin in the middle and lower esophagus. Microscopic findings revealed multinucleated giant cells, margination of chromatin, intense nonspecific inflammation and strong positive for herpes simplex virus immunohistochemical staining. Esophageal lesions and symptoms improved after acyclovir therapy.
Acyclovir ; Child* ; Chromatin ; Esophagitis ; Esophagus ; Exudates and Transudates ; Giant Cells ; Herpes Simplex* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Nausea ; Simplexvirus* ; Transplantation ; Ulcer ; Vomiting

TO know the causative agent of asptic meningitis. we performed and cerebrospinal fluid study on 24 children who had been admitted to the department of Pediatrics.. Asam Medical Center form Jume. 1991 to July 1991. In the 10 cases of them. CSF virus culture was done Special Reference Laboratory, Japan The most of the patients were young infants, and 15 cases of them were under 3 months of age. The male to female ratio was 1:1.4 We observed the main symptoms as fever 100%. irritability 67%, vomiting 17%. poor feeding 13%, seizure 8%. In the 4 cases among the 10 cases with virus culture, Coxsackievirus B5 was cultured. We concluded that the causative agent of this epidemic aseptic meningitis in 1991 was Coxsakievirus B5.
Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Japan ; Male ; Meningitis ; Meningitis, Aseptic* ; Pediatrics ; Seizures ; Vomiting

Background: Various oral health management programs in Korea affect the oral health improvement in the elderly Several studies have been conducted to date; however, those studies have not shown uniform results due to the differences in research methods or designs. Hence, this study aimed to review the overall research trends of the reported oral health care programs for the elderly in Korea, verify their effects, and clarify them based on the systematic literature review. Methods: The literature search selected intervention studies that applied the oral health care program for the elderly in Korea from 2001 to 2020. Following the COre, Standard, and Ideal (COSI) models presented by the US National Library of Medicine, we selected databases including Korean studies Information Service System (KISS), ScienceOn, Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), DBpia, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Of the 1,335 studies searched using keywords, titles, and abstracts, 21 were finally selected based on primary and secondary exclusion criteria. Results: The most frequent intervention period was 4 weeks, and the number of interventions varied between 2 and 90 times. As for the type of intervention, 14 studies that conducted both theory and practice were the most frequent. Significant differences in the clinical indicators, such as calculus, halitosis, salivation rate, swallowing function, and dry mouth, were found in most oral health care programs. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, the intervention program needs further verification using multiple indicators in future studies. In addition, a study extending the intervention period and the number of samples is considered necessary for verifying continuous effectiveness of the intervention program.

PURPOSE: Ten years have passed since the Korean government announced its plan to institutionally support hospice and palliative care in 2002. In line with that, this study aims to suggest future directions for Korea's hospice and palliative care policy. METHODS: We conducted a survey on people's perception and acceptance of well-dying. Data were collected from 1,000 participants aged 19~69 years between June 1 and June 11, 2012 via computer-assisted telephone interviews. RESULTS: The most important factor for well-dying was placing no burden of care on others (36.7%) and the second most important factor was staying with their family and loved ones (19.1%). Among nine suggestions of policy support for well-dying, the most popular was the promotion of voluntary care sharing (88.3%), followed by the palliative care training support for healthcare providers (83.7%) and the support for palliative care facilities instead of funeral halls (81.7%). The idea of formulating a five-year national plan for end-of-life care drew strong support (91%). According to the survey, the plan should be implemented by the central government (47.5%), the National Assembly (20.2%) or civic groups (10%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the public consensus and their consistent direction toward policy support for well-dying. Results of this study may serve as a foundation for the establishment of policy support for people's well-dying and palliative care at the national-level.
Aged ; Attitude to Death ; Consensus ; Decision Making ; Health Personnel ; Health Policy ; Hospices ; Humans ; Love ; Palliative Care ; Republic of Korea ; Right to Die ; Telephone ; Terminal Care ; Training Support

OBJECTIVE: Previously, we found that oocyte specific homeobox (Obox) 4 plays significant role in completion of meiosis specifically at meiosis I-meiosis II (MI-MII) transition. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of action of Obox4 in oocyte maturation by evaluating downstream signal networking. METHODS: The Obox4 dsRNA was prepared by in vitro transcription and microinjected into the cytoplasm of germinal vesicle oocytes followed by in vitro maturation in the presence or absence of 0.2 mM 3-isobutyl-1-metyl-xanthine. Total RNA was extracted from 200 oocytes of each group using a PicoPure RNA isolation kit then amplified two-rounds. The probe hybridization and data analysis were used by Affymetrix GeneChip(R) Mouse Genome 430 2.0 array and GenPlex 3.0 (ISTECH, Korea) software, respectively. RESULTS: Total 424 genes were up (n=80) and down (n=344) regulated after Obox4 RNA interference (RNAi). Genes mainly related to metabolic pathways and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was changed. Among the protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, PKC-alpha, beta, gamma were down-regulated and especially the MAPK signaling pathway PKC-gamma was dramatically decreased by Obox4 RNAi. In the cell cycle pathway, we evaluated the expression of genes involved in regulation of chromosome separation, and found that these genes were down-regulated. It may cause the aberrant chromosome segregation during MI-MII transition. CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, it is concluded that Obox4 is important upstream regulator of the PKC and anaphase-promoting complex action for maintaining intact germinal vesicle.
Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Chimera ; Chromosome Segregation ; Cytoplasm ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Homeobox ; Genome ; Meiosis ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Mice ; Microarray Analysis ; Oocytes ; Protein Isoforms ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases ; RNA ; RNA Interference ; Statistics as Topic ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes

In this study, we explored the potentiality of human arginine decarboxylase (ADC) to enhance the survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) against unfavorable milieu of host tissues as the low survival of MSCs is the issue in cell transplantation therapy. To address this, human MSCs overexpressing human ADC were treated with H2O2 and the resultant intracellular events were examined. First, we examined whether human ADC is overexpressed in human MSCs. Then, we investigated cell survival or death related events. We found that the overexpression of human ADC increases formazan production and reduces caspase 3 activation and the numbers of FITC, hoechst, or propidium iodide positive cells in human MSCs exposed to H2O2. To elucidate the factors underlying these phenomena, AKT, CREB, and BDNF were examined. We found that the overexpression of human ADC phosphorylates AKT and CREB and increases BDNF level in human MSCs exposed to H2O2. The changes of these proteins are possibly relevant to the elevation of agmatine. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the overexpression of human ADC stimulates pro-survival factors to protect human MSCs against H2O2 toxicity. In conclusion, the present findings support that ADC can enhance the survival of MSCs against hostile environment of host tissues.
Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Carboxy-Lyases/genetics/*metabolism ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/*toxicity ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism

The objectives of this study were to assess the ultrasonographic (US) findings in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) with pes anserinus tendinitis or bursitis (PATB) syndrome and to determine the correlation between the US findings and the response to local corticosteroid injection. We prospectively studied 26 patients with knee OA with clinically diagnosed PATB syndrome. A linear array 7 MHz transducer was used for US examination of the knee. Seventeen patients were injected locally with tramcinolone acetonide in the anserine bursa area. Response to local corticosteroid injection was evaluated by pain visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and MacMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index and Global patient/physician assessment using Likert scale. On US examination, only 2 patients (8.7%) showed evidence of PATB. Pain VAS, WOMAC pain index and WOMAC physical function index improved significantly after corticosteroid injection. Global patient assessment revealed that 2 patients showed best response, 6 good, 1 fair, 8 the same, and none worse. It is of note that the 2 patients who showed the best response were those who showed US evidence of PATB. This finding shows that US can serve as a useful diagnostic tool for guiding treatment in PATB syndrome of OA patients.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/*pharmacology ; Aged ; Bursitis/ultrasonography ; Female ; Glucocorticoids/pharmacology ; Humans ; Knee/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/*diagnosis/drug therapy/*ultrasonography ; Pain ; Pain Measurement ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tendinitis/pathology/ultrasonography ; Treatment Outcome

This study was performed to investigate the ameliorating effects of steamed soybeans (SS) and fermented SS (FSS) on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. ICR mice were divided into four groups and given the following different diets: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD with 1% SS (HFD + SS), and HFD with 1% FSS (HFD + FSS). After 14 weeks, the body weight gain was higher in the HFD group compared with the ND group but lower in the HFD + FSS group compared with the HFD group. Plasma levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly higher in the HFD group compared to the ND group, but lower in the HFD + SS and HFD + FSS groups compared with the HFD group. In addition, leptin concentration in plasma was lower in the groups fed HFD + SS and HFD + FSS compared with the HFD group. The accumulation of hepatic TG and TC was significantly inhibited in the HFD + SS and HFD + FSS groups. Furthermore, SS and FSS attenuated lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide formation in the liver induced by the high-fat diet. These results suggest that soybeans, especially FSS, may be useful in preventing obesity-induced abnormalities in lipid metabolism.
Alanine Transaminase ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Body Weight ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Leptin ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR* ; Mice, Obese ; Nitric Oxide ; Obesity ; Oxidative Stress ; Plasma ; Soybeans* ; Steam* ; Triglycerides

BACKGROUND: Diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) causes perioperative cardiovascular instability. A rapid increase in the desflurane concentration induces tachycardia and hypertension (HTN). This study examined the effects of the cardiovascular response to desflurane on patients with diabetic CAN. METHODS: Forty diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with CAN were divided two groups: one with HTN (DM+HTN group, n = 17) and one without HTN (DM group, n = 23). The control group (n = 20) was composed of healthy patients without DM or HTN. In each group, the concentration of desflurane inspired was increased abruptly to 12.0 vol% 2 minutes after a thiopental injection. The target was to produce an end-tidal concentration of desflurane of 10.0 vol%, which was maintained until the end of the study by adjusting the vaporizer dial setting. The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cardiac index (CI) were measured. RESULTS: The HR, MAP and CI increased significantly in all three groups when compared with the baseline (P<0.05). Additionally, the HR and MAP showed did not differ among the three groups at any of sampling times. However, the CI of the DM group and the DM+HTN group differed when compared with the control group at 90 and 120 seconds after intubation (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetic patients with CAN, the hemodynamic responses to a rapid increase in desflurane concentration are similar to those in non-diabetic patients before endotracheal intubation. However, after endotracheal intubation, increments in CI are blunted in diabetic patients with CAN.
Arterial Pressure ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Isoflurane ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Tachycardia ; Thiopental

Background: One health is a flexible concept with many facets, including the environment, community, and the nosocomial super-bacteria resistance network. We investigated the molecular prevalence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in workers, livestock, and the farm environment in Korea. Methods: ESBL-EC isolates were obtained from samples from 19 swine farms, 35 retail stores, seven slaughterhouses, and 45 related workers throughout Korea from August 2017 to July 2018, using ChromID ESBL (BioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) agar and enrichment broth. The presence of ESBL and mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes and antimicrobial resistance were determined. Clonality was evaluated with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results: In total, 232 ESBL-EC isolates were obtained from 1,614 non-duplicated samples (14.4% positive rate). The ESBL-EC isolates showed regional and source-related differences. blaCTX-M-55 (N = 100), blaCTX-M-14 (N = 65), blaCTX-M-15 (N = 33), and blaCTX-M-65 (N = 23) were common ESBL types. The ESBL-EC isolates showed high resistance rates for various antimicrobial classes; however, all isolates were susceptible to carbapenem. One swine-originating colistin-resistant isolate did not carry any known mcr gene. PFGE was successful for 197 of the 232 isolates, and most PFGE types were heterogeneous, except for some dominant PFGE types (O, R, T, U, and V). MLST of 88 isolates was performed for representative PFGE types; however, no dominant sequence type was observed. Conclusions The proportion of ESBL-EC in swine industry-related samples was significant, and the isolates harbored common clinical ESBL gene types. These molecular epidemiologic data could provide important evidence for antimicrobial-resistance control through a one health approach.