This study was undertaken to identify medical staffs perception about nutrition care and dietitian's role in hospitals. Questionnaires were sent to 874 medical staffa at 50 general hospials size over 100 beds, located in Seoul and Pusan, A total of 649(74.3%) of medical staffs returned questionnaries from 47 general hospitals. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. 89.6% if educak stffs responded that they required the help of the dietitian when the patients needed the nutrition acre and also most of them(87.0%) held positive perceptions abuot the necessity of the nutrition support team. 2. When the medical staffs prescribed the special diet of the patients' nutrition care, 90.0% of them preferred that diet would be order after consulting with dietitian. 3. Half of the medical staffs(52.1%) responded that they were scarced of the knowledge about the clinical mutrition and then 66.4% of them recognized the need of nutrition education at the medical school. 4. The medical staffs responded that dietitian must have the knowledge abuot food, nutrition and medical science(52.5%) and the competence of discussion with medical staffs about nutrition the patients(30.8%).
Busan ; Diet ; Education ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Medical Staff ; Mental Competency ; Nutritionists ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Schools, Medical ; Seoul

This study was conducted to identify dietitians' position and role by assessing the present condition on management of human resources in contracted foodservice management company. Questionnaires were distributed to 79 contracted companies (eight large-size, 48 mid-size, 23 small-size companies) from March to May in 2002. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSSwin (version 8.0). The data were analyzed in group comparisons using frequencies and percentage for every item in the questionnaires, x2-test, and oneway ANOVA. About eighty-five percent of contracted foodservice companies employed the new dietitians as full time employees, and seventy-five percent of them were promoted the dietitians by evaluation after a given period of time. As a starting payment for university graduates, large-size companies payed an average of 16,260,000 won/year, which was significantly higher (p<0.01) than those of mid-sized (11,320,000 won/year) and small-sized companies (11,620,000 won/year). The mean lengths of dietitians' service were 33.5 months in large-size companies, 26.5 months in mid-sized companies, 26.0 months in small-sized companies. It was less than 3 years in all companies (avg. 26.9 months). Fifty-four companies (68.4%) employed dietitians in each foodservice contract, whereas 25 companies didn't employ dietitians. The ratios of dietitians out of employees in each department of the companies were 42.6% in the department of contracted foodservice management, 19.9% in the department of menu development, 18.1% in the department of food safety, 8.7% in the department of distribution and purchase, 4.2% in the department of business, and 3.9% in the department of customer satisfaction. The dietitians' positions were directors in two companies (2.5%), general managers in two companies (2.5%), deputy managers in seven companies (8.9%), managers in twenty-nine companies (36.7%), assistant managers/chief clerks in twenty-four companies (30.4%), and chiefs in twenty-five companies (31.6%). The frequencies of training for dietitians were 6.2 times/year for the food safety training, 5.8 times/year for the cooking training, 4.8 times/year for nutrition-related training, and 4.7 times/year for service training.
Commerce ; Cooking ; Food Safety ; Humans* ; Nutritionists* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This study was surveyed to provide the information on current operational practices and issues of contract-managed foodservice companies. Questionnaires were distributed to 79 contract-managed foodservice companies (eight large-size, 48 mid-size, 23 small-size companies) from March to May in 2002. The contract-managed foodservice companies provided averages of 269,184 (range 140,036~503,500), 14,837 (range 450~75,269), and 4,065 (range 930~8,050) meals daily from large, medium, and small-size companies, respectively. The companies managed to averages of 268.2 (160~619) foodservice contracts at large-size companies, 21.9 (5~63) contracts at mid-size companies, and 4.7 (1~10) contracts at small-size companies. The average numbers of dietitians were 298.6 (range 104~671) in large-size companies, 22.2(6~86) in mid-size companies, and 3.8(1~9) in small-size companies. The averages of sales were 156.5 billion at large-size companies, 6.7 billion at mid-size companies, and 1.7 billion at small-size companies in 2001. The contract was two types including management fee contract(5%), and profit and loss contract(95%). The cost ratios for office foodservice were 59.5% at food cost, 24.2% at labor cost, 6.3% at profit, and 10.1% at other cost. For hospital foodservice, the ratios were 54.0% at the food cost, 34.6% at labor cost, 3.0% at profit, and 11.8% at other cost. For high school foodservice, the ratios were 62.2% at the food cost, 21.5% at labor cost, 5.4% at profit, and 11.2% at other cost. When the contractors managed to the foodservice, the most important matters were the sanitation management and customer satisfaction. Also, the difficult problems were excess investment of equipments and low meal prices.
Commerce ; Fees and Charges ; Humans ; Investments ; Meals ; Nutritionists ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea* ; Sanitation

PURPOSE: The study was done to investigate effects of a horticultural therapy program on self-efficacy, stress response, and psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: The research design was a quasi-experimental research with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized pre-posttest. The participants were recruited from patients with schizophrenia admitted to 1 mental hospital located in D City. The research was carried out from August 3 to September 25, 2012. To test the effects of the horticultural therapy program, the participants were divided into two groups, an experimental group (29) and a control group (26). The horticulture therapy was provided to the experiment group for 60 minutes/session twice a week, for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact probability test, χ2-test, and t-test with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. RESULTS: After attending the horticultural therapy program, the first hypothesis was verified as the score for self-efficacy in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (t=2.12, p=.039). The 3rd hypothesis was verified as the score for PANSS in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (t=-5.20, p<.001). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the horticultural therapy program enhanced self-efficacy and lessened psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
Horticultural Therapy* ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Research Design ; Schizophrenia*

A case of anencephaly associatied with twin pregnancy that delivered by primary lo-wer flap transverse cesarean section at 35-weeks of gestation is presented with brief revi-ew of literatures.
Anencephaly* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin*

Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is an early complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Irreversible skeletal complications and deformities in children are already present before CKD progresses to end stage renal disease; therefore, the early detection of coexisting ROD is important in children with CKD. In the present work, we present a case of ROD in a 14-year-old female patient with chronic renal failure. The patient had already suffered bilateral femoral neck fractures before starting extracorporeal dialysis. On the 21st day after dialysis, external fixations of the femoral neck were performed.
Adolescent ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dialysis ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Renal Osteodystrophy ; Renal Replacement Therapy

PURPOSE: Depression is common in patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis, though success rate of treatment is low. This study aimed to investigate the features and severity of the depressive symptoms and nutritional indices, and significant changes after antidepressant treatment. METHODS: The authors assessed 45 patients. Diagnosis of depression was made using DSM-IV-TR and the depressive symptoms were evaluated using Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression via semi- structured interview. Subjective global assessment, anthropometric measurements and nutritional indices such as Kt/V, nPCR were examined. Depressive patients were treated for 8 weeks with SSRI (citalopram), and all the variables were examined again after the treatment. RESULTS: 19 (42.2%) patients were diagnosed as depression. Nutritional status was not different between patients with depression and those without depression. Compared to non-depressed patients, depressed patients showed significantly higher depressed mood, guilty feeling, suicide idea, psychic and somatic anxiety, lower work and activities, psychomotor retardation, sleep disturbances, general somatic symptoms and hypochondriasis. After antidepressant treatment, depressed mood, guilty feeling, suicide idea, psychic anxiety, initial insomnia, middle insomnia, early awakening, work and activities and general somatic symptoms were improved significantly. TSF (p<0.05), handgrip strength (p<0.01) and hematocrit (p<0.05) were significantly increased. CONCLUSION: Antidepressant treatment is helpful not only for the improvement of depressive symptoms such as sleep and somatic symptoms but for the improvement of quality of life. Proper treatment should be more actively attempted for the hemodialytic patients with depression.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status ; Quality of Life ; Renal Dialysis ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Suicide ; Tosyl Compounds

BACKGROUND: There is controversy regarding whether COX-2 specific inhibitors are associated with elevation of blood pressure. We compared the effects of aspirin, indomethacin, and celecoxib for vascular reactivity induced by phenylephrine. We also tested the effects of indomethacin and NO donor on COX-1 and COX-2 protein expression, as well as nitrite production in culture medium of vascular smooth muscle cells. MATERILAS AND METHODS: In this experiment, we used the isometric tension study for vascular reactivity. After 45 minutes of pretreatment with aspirin, indomethacin, celecoxib, and phenylephrine induced contractions were tested. COX-1 and COX-2 protein expressions were analyzed by Western blot and nitrite production by the Griess reaction. RESULTS: Although celecoxib pretreatment caused enhanced arterial contraction, aspirin pretreatment induced more potent arterial contraction than celecoxib in the isometric tension study of rabbit femoral artery. COX-1 protein expression was unchanged by indomethacin, SNP and NOR-3; COX-2 protein expression was increased by the addition of indomethacin, SNP, and NOR-3. Especially, NOR-3, a NO donor, significantly increased COX-2 protein expression with unstimulated conditions as well as LPS stimulation. Induction of nitrite production was higher with NOR-3 treatment than SNP treatment with LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that aspirin caused more potent vascular contraction than celecoxib and indomethacin. COX-2 expression in VSMC depended on the types of NO donor and LPS stimulation.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Aspirin ; Blood Pressure ; Blotting, Western ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors* ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Phenylephrine ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases* ; Tissue Donors ; Celecoxib

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to assist in early diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy. METHODS: We analyzed clinical statistics of 401 patients, who visited Masan Samsung Hospital from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2002, received treatment under diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, and were comfirmed by histopathologic examination. RESULTS: During the index period, the occurrence rate of ectopic pregnancy was 1:16.5, with peak age of occurrence between 30 to 34 year-old (34.4%). Previous history of artificial abortion was noted in 76.1%, previous cesarean delivery in 17%, previous pelvic inflammatory disease in 15.7% and history of previous ectopic pregancy in 9.5%. Concerned to clinical manifestations, lower abdominal pain was reported in 93.3%, amenorrhea in 86.5%, and vaginal bleeding in 69.3%. Onset of clinical manifestation was 6-8 weeks from the last menstrual period in 39.7%, being the most common. As the implantation site, fallopian tube was affected in 95.3%, ovary in 3%, and cervix of the uterus in 1%. Total amount of intraperitoneal hemorrhage was less then 500 mL in 45.6%. As an operative treatment, salpingectomy of the affected side was conducted in 76.8%. Average lengths of hospital stay for laparoscopy versus laparotomy were 3.4 and 5.2 days, respectively. CONCLUSION: Ectopic pregnancy, as a common emergent disorders, requires continuous attention for women in reproductive age. With the aid of various diagnostic modalities, early diagnosis and treatment can reduce mortality and morbidity rates, and enhance future fetility.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Amenorrhea ; Cervix Uteri ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Mortality ; Ovary ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Salpingectomy ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus

No abstract available.