No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal*

No abstract available.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Korea*

BACKGROUND: Epidural anesthesia is becoming an increasingly important aspect of anaesthetic practice because it has many advantages. To achieve the appropriate sedation, various methods have been described. The authors applied the ketamine for this purpose in subanesthetic dose and compared with the midazolam that has been most commonly used for intravenous sedation. METHODS: Fifty-seven adult patients undergoing lower abdominal and extremity surgery who were receiving epidural anesthesia were randomely enrolled into this clinical study. They were allocated to three groups to receive only normal saline (group C), midazolam 0.05 mg/kg (group M) and ketamine 0.5 mg/kg midazolam 0.05 mg/kg (group K) in normal saline 10ml, respectively. Hemodynamic and respiratory measurements were recorded at baseline, 1 minute, 3 minute, 5 minute, 10 minute, 20 minute and 30 minute after sedation. The degree of sedation was assessed by a blinded observer using sedation score. RESULTS: There were no significant differences for hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, but decrements of arterial pressure at 1 minute after sedation were most remarkable in the group M. Sedation was satisfactorily achieved by combination of ketamine and midazolam without significant emergence reaction. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of ketamine and midazolam was judged to be suitable alternative for sedation during epidural anesthesia.
Adult ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Arterial Pressure ; Extremities ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Ketamine* ; Midazolam*

The antihypertensive effects fo aldactazide and serum electrolytes changes before and after treatment with aldactazide were observed. The followings were obtained: 1. Results of antihypertensive therapy with aldactazide in 23 hypertensive patients revealed good effects in 52.17%, fair in 26.09%, poor in 8.7%, and failure in 13.04% of cases. In 78.26% of cases, good or fair control of blood pressure was obtained. 2. Daily doses of aldactazide ranged from 25mg to 50mg depending upon the level of blood pressure. The antihypertensive effects were appeared after average 11 days of administration. 3. The side effects during treatment with aldactazide were dizziness, weakness, indigestion, headache, and restlessness in 26.28% of cases (6 of 23 cases). 4. No significant changes in serum Na and K values were observed before and after treatment with aldactazide for average 23 days.
Blood Pressure ; Dizziness ; Dyspepsia ; Electrolytes ; Headache ; Humans ; Psychomotor Agitation

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip*

Parricide, the crime of murdering a parent, accounts for about 5% of all homicides. Filicide is the crime of murdering one's own child. This study aimed to review demographic features and criminal characteristics of individuals who committed parricide and filicide in Republic of Korea (ROK). This study is based on data from the Korea Police Crime Analysis System, from 2006~2013. We assessed the diverse characteristics of both victims and perpetrators. Over the selected period, 381 parents were killed by their children and 230 children were killed by parents in the ROK. Parricides caused by schizophrenic murders accounted for 39.6% of all cases. Moreover, approximately 44.4% of the perpetrators attempted suicide following the maternal filicide. In our findings, psychiatric illness was a very important predictor in parricide, and these further suggest that young mothers with severe mental illness require careful monitoring by mental health support service.
Child ; Crime ; Criminals ; Homicide ; Humans ; Korea ; Mental Health ; Mothers ; Parents ; Police ; Republic of Korea ; Schizophrenia ; Suicide, Attempted

The blood bank of the Seoul National University Hospital has joined the U.K. National External Quality Assessment Scheme(NEQAS) for Blood Group Serology since 1992. We reported correct answers on all occasions for thirty-six samples tested for ABO, RhD typing, and direct antiglobulin test. Among 36 antibody screening and antibody,,identification tests, we missed one anti-S. Among 96 crossmatchings, we made 4 major errors and one minor error. It was interesting that all of the major errors we made were from the sample delivered in mid-summer. Since the items included in the domestic program for the external quality control of blood group serology are very limited in Korea, joining any international quality control program will be necessary for larger blood banks to assure quality of varirous blood bank tests being performed.
Blood Banks ; Coombs Test ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Quality Control ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male ; Nursing* ; Urinary Incontinence*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the epidemic pyrogenic reactions that occurred hospital-widely in 51 patients on 30-31 Mar. 1995 at a tertiary, educational, and acute care hospital. METHODS: The remained intravenous (IV) drugs and IV fluids that were infused to patients (N=51) who developed pyrogenic reactions were cultured and tested pyrogenic matter. Pyrogenic test was done by Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (PyrotellRMA,USA). RESULTS: IV normal saline 50 cc bottles (AAXSAT and AAX5AV) those were collected being used from case patients, and new bottles stocked in the drug storage were positive to pyrogenic test. Used normal saline collected from case patients were cultured coagulase-negative Staphylococus. Moreover the company, manufacturer of these fluids reported the positive pyrogenic test on these IV fluids (AAXSAT and AAX5AV). CONCLUSION: This epidemic was a pyrogenic reaction for infused the intrinsic contaminated fluid with pyrogen. We could prevent not the additional pyrogenic reactions in study hospital but national wide epidemics to apply the rapid and well-designed epidemic investigation and infection control.
Bacteremia ; Cross Infection ; Drug Storage ; Horseshoe Crabs ; Humans ; Infection Control

Anesthetic drugs by themselves were without effect on neummuscular function, but when the margin of safety in transmission was reduced, because of the admimstration of a musde relaxant, then a synergistic effect on relaxation might be observed. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the twitch recovery after vecuronium bromide (vecuronium) was influenced by thiopental sodium (thiopental), ketamine and lidocaine. Eighty healthy adult patients were randomly allocated to four groups according to the drugs, control group, normal saline 5 ml, study group ; 2.5% thiopental 5 mg/kg, ketamine 2 mg/kg and 1% lidocaine 1 mg/kg. Neuromuscular bloek was induced by intravenous vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and applied ulnar nerve stimuli of every 10 seconds single twitch using Myotest Mk II(R). The adduction force of the resultant thumb twitch was measured by the acceleration of a small piezo-electric ceramic wafer with electrodes of Mini-accelograph(8) and recorded by Datascope 2200I(8). When the twitch height was near 15 mm, the drug was injected and recorded the twitch height for 10 min. and checked mean arterial pressure and heart rate after injection. The results were as follows ; 1) There were no significant changes of mean arterial pressure after drug injection. 2) Heart rate was significantly increased in thiopental group (77.7+/-8.3 beats/min. 93.7+/-9.1 beats/min.) and lidocaine group (85.6+/-15.9 beats/min. - 88.4+/-16.4 beats/min.), but no change in control and ketamine group. 3) In the linear regression analysis between the twitch length and the time, control group was Y=16.0+/-1.0X, r2=0.33, thiopental group was Y=14.9+/-1.1X, r2%.39, ketamine gmup was Y=14.8+0.9X, r2=0.24 and lidocaine group was Y=15.1+0.8X, r2=0.30. Lidocaine group was only significantly decreased than control group. With the above results the authors concluded that the twitch recovery after vecuronium was significantly deaeased by lidocaine, but no cbanges by thiopental and ketamine. We should more find the drug interaction with vecuronium in the man.
Acceleration ; Adult ; Anesthetics ; Arterial Pressure ; Ceramics ; Drug Interactions ; Electrodes ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Lidocaine* ; Linear Models ; Relaxation ; Thiopental* ; Thumb ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide*