No abstract available.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip*

Of 14,682 samples of feces examined, 81.7% were positive for intestinal helminths. Trichocephalus trichiurus was observed most frequently, in 73.2%. Eight other species of helminths found were Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm, Trichostrongylus orientalis, Clonorchis sinensis, Tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana, Paragoniumus westermani and Enterobius vermicularis, listed in decreasing order. Double infections were found more frequently than single infections, and mixed infection of five or more species of helminths occurred in 0.2% Of 10,320 samples of feces examined, 22.3% were positive for intestinal protozoa, Entamoeba coli was observed most frequently, in 11.1%. Six other species, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Iodamoeba butschlii, Chilomastix mesnill and lsospora hominis were found, in the order. It was noticed that E. histolytica was found more frequently in trichurial infection than with other helminths. Of 1,050 samples of sputum from the T. B. Clinic, 7.0% were positive for paragonimus eggs. Trichomonas vaginalis were found in 35.8%of 1,146 vaginal swabs examined. Seven cases of Plasmodium vivax infection were found among 140 suspected blood smears.
Incidence

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Tuberculosis, Renal* ; Ureter*

PURPOSE: Acute hepatitis A (AHA) and acute hepatitis B (AHB) are caused by an acute infection of the hepatitis A virus and the hepatitis B virus, respectively. In both AHA and AHB, liver injury is known to be mediated by immune cells and cytokines. In this study, we measured serum levels of various cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins in patients with AHA or AHB to identify liver injury-associated cytokines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients with AHA, 16 patients with AHB, and 14 healthy adults were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of 17 cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or cytometric bead arrays and analyzed for correlation with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. RESULTS: Interleukin (IL)-18, IL-8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were significantly elevated in both AHA and AHB. IL-6, IL-22, granzyme B, and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) were elevated in AHA but not in AHB. In both AHA and AHB, the serum level of CXCL10 significantly correlated with the peak ALT level. Additionally, the serum level of granzyme B in AHA and the serum level of sFasL in AHB correlated with the peak ALT level. CONCLUSION: We identified cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins associated with liver injury in AHA and AHB. These findings deepen the existing understanding of immunological mechanisms responsible for liver injury in acute viral hepatitis.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Biomarkers/blood ; Cytokines/*blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fas Ligand Protein/blood ; Female ; Hepatitis A/blood/virology ; Hepatitis A virus/*genetics/immunology ; Hepatitis B/blood/virology ; Hepatitis B virus/*genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/blood ; Interleukin-8/blood ; Interleukins/blood ; Liver Failure/immunology/metabolism/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology/*metabolism

Enteroviruses are the most common agents of myocarditis and have been implicates in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiopmyopathy. There are still discrepancies in the association of enterovirus and myocardial disease, partially due to lack of data on detection of virus antigen or viral culture in the tissue. For the treatment of fulminant myocarditis, aggressive hemodynamic support is warranted because of its excellent long-term prognosis. This 16 year-old girl was admitted because of anterior chest pain for a day. She had flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat and cough at 2 weeks ago. Electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia and ST segment elevations in lead II, III, aVF and V1-V4. Troponin T was positive and creatinine phosphokinase was elevated (1323 IU/L) at emergency room. On emergency echocardiogram, inferior wall motion was decreased and the ejection fraction (EF) was 70%. Coronary angiogram showed no thrombus and no significant stenosis in coronary artery, and spasm was not induced with ergonovine. Conventional treatment for congestive heart failure with digoxin (0.25 mg daily) and furosemide (20 mg t.i.d) was started under the impression of myocarditis. On the first hospital day, pulmonary edema and signs of shock were developed. The whole left ventricular(LV) wall motion were markedly decreased and EF was less than 20% on echocardiogram. Despite of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) for 4 hours, shock and pulmonary edema was progressed. Mechanical circulatory support was started with left ventricular assist device (LVAD, Bio-pump, Medtronic Bio-Medicus, USA). At the time of operation, central venous pressure was 24cmH20, systolic blood pressure was 75mmHg, left atrium(LA) and LV was dilated and the whole wall of LV showed almost akinesia , and LA appendage was biopsied. After 126 hours of LVAD, LV wall motion was restored and EF was 79% on echocardiogram. LVAD was removed 10 days after operation and she was discharged on 23 days of hospitalization without any heart failure symptoms. Immunohistochemistry of LA showed enteroviral VP1 capsid protein (primary antibody; NoVo Castra Laboratory, UK) over the entire LA wall. Her serum neutralized coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3, H3 variant of Woodruff strain) in neutralization test using horse anti-CVB3 (Nancy strain) antibody (ATCC, V030-501-560) as a positive control. The titer of neutralization Ab in her serum of 21 days increased more than 4 times than that of 2 days.
Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Capsid Proteins ; Cardiomyopathies ; Central Venous Pressure ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Vessels ; Cough ; Creatinine ; Digoxin ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enterovirus ; Ergonovine ; Female ; Fever ; Furosemide ; Heart Failure ; Heart-Assist Devices* ; Hemodynamics ; Horses ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myocarditis* ; Neutralization Tests ; Pharyngitis ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Edema ; Shock ; Spasm ; Tachycardia, Sinus ; Thrombosis ; Troponin T

Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in cells, and plays vital roles in the cellular defense against oxidants and in the regulation of redox signals. In a previous report, we demonstrated that stem cell function is critically affected by heterogeneity and dynamic changes in cellular GSH concentration. Here, we present a detailed protocol for the monitoring of GSH concentration in living stem cells using FreSHtracer, a real-time GSH probe. We describe the steps involved in monitoring GSH concentration in single living stem cells using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. These methods are simple, rapid, and quantitative, and able to demonstrate intracellular GSH concentration changes in real time. We also describe the application of FreSHtracer to the sorting of stem cells according to their GSH content using flow cytometry. Typically, microscopic or flow cytometric analyses of FreSHtracer and MitoFreSHtracer signals in living stem cells take ~2~3 h, and the fractionation of stem cells into subpopulations on the basis of cellular GSH levels takes 3~4.5 h. This method could be applied to almost every kind of mammalian cell with minor modifications to the protocol described here.
Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Glutathione ; Methods ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Oxidants ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Population Characteristics ; Stem Cells

This article presents the results of the Implementation Study of the Seoul Cancer Registry, which started in July, 1991 as a population based cancer registry in Seoul, Korea. The completeness and validity of the registered data were evaluated using Mortality/Incidence ratio (M/I ratio), Histologically Verified Cases (HV%), Primary Site Uncertain (PSU%), and Age Unknown (Age UNK%). Owing to the additional active surveillance, the completeness of the data turned out to be fairly acceptable, except for the aged over 75(Mortality/Incidence ratio was over 100%). Eventhough the Seoul cancer registry(SCR) has further way to go in the completeness especially among elderly persons, the validity of SCR data was also acceptable in terms of HV%, PSU%, and Age UNK%. However, PSU% and Age UNK% might need to be further reduced to be comparable with other well established cancer registries. The age standardized incidence rates(ASR) of all cancers between July 1, 1991 and June 30, 1992 were 232.4/100,000 in males and 147.9/100,000 in females. The top five major sites of cancers in Seoul were the stomach, liver, lung, colo-rectum, and bladder in order in males, and the uterine cervix, stomach, breast, colo-rectum, and liver in females. Those 5 cancer sites comprised 68.9% and 64.7% of the total cancer incidence in males and females, respectively.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; Incidence ; Infant ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Neoplasms/*epidemiology/pathology ; *Registries ; Sex Factors ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't