No Abstract Available.
Arthroplasty* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Humans ; Knee*

The purpose of this study is to examine the viability of PDL cells in rat molars by using MTT assay and to verify the MTT assay through the histologic observation. Thirty of Sprague-Dawley white female rats of 4-weeks old with a body weight of about 100 grams were used. Groupings are as follows: Immediate Group : Positive control group(n=10)-after extraction immediately. Dried Group : Negative control group(n=10)-after drying for an hour under warm dry. ViaSpan(R) Group : 1hour ViaSpan(R) group(n=10)-after storing in ViaSpan(R) at 4degrees C for 1hour. Ten teeth of each group were treated as same as above and replanted to the original socket of experimental animals. After two weeks of replantation, all the experimental animals were sacrificed. And after fixation, extracted maxillary jaw was dimineralized. After it was embedded in paraffin, serial section by 5microm was carried out and for construction of specimen, hematoxylin-eosin dye was used. The mean MTT measurement of immediate group(positive control) is 2.81 and the mean measurement of dried group(negative control) is 0.98 which is significant differnt(P<0.05). The mean measurement of ViaSpan(R) group is 2.65 and there is significant difference between dried group and ViaSpan(R) group(P<0.05). However, there is no difference between immediate group and ViaSpan(R) group. The average resorption points of immediate group is 3.03 points. In the dried group, average 6.44 points resorption and 2.68 points showed resorption in the ViaSpan(R) group. Unlike with MTT assay, there was no significant difference between the immediate group and ViaSpan(R) group. The usage of MTT assay as a viable cell marker may give us a better indication of the maintenance of periodontal ligament cell vitality.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw ; Molar* ; Paraffin ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Replantation ; Root Resorption ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the accuracy of smoking habit from the data obtained from the medical records of lung cancer patients against the data obtained form face-to-face interview questionnaires METHODS: The smoking habits of 225 lung cancer patients were categorized into never smoked, ex-smoker and current smoker in face-to-face interview questionnaire and medical record taken at the time of admission for a diagnosis. The overall agreement between two sources was evaluated. The factors affecting the disagreement between two sources and the level of data omission of the smoking habits in medical records were analyzed suing multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The smoking habit between two sources showed moderate overall agreement(Kappa (kappa)=0.60). The lowest agreement was observed in the ex-smokers(kappa=0.49). Multivariate analysis revealed an age of 65 or older to be a statistically significant factor associated with the increasing disagreement risk compared with those 64 or younger (OR 3.02; 95% CI 1.58-5.80). The omission rate of smoking habits in the medical records was 18.2%. Adenocarcinoma was shown to be a statistically significant factor of associated with an increasing omission rate compared with squamous cell carcinoma (OR 3.00; 95% CI 1.19-7.59). CONCLUSION: The smoking habits obtained from medical record moderately reflect their true behavior. However, the smoking habit data from medical record should be used with caution when being used in a clinical study or cohort study of lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Medical Records* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Questionnaires* ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

Hydrogen peroxide solution is commonly used for irrigating and cleaning wounds. When it is applied to tissues, catalase causes its rapid molecular degeneration with the release of oxygen bubbles. We present case report illustrating two hazards ; chemical colitis and oxygen embolus. A 29-year-old previously healthy woman presented to the bloody diarrhea and anal pain after hydrogen peroxide enema. In the colonoscopic examination, severe mucosal edema and ulceration with bleeding was noted from anus to sigmoid colon. With use of anal endosonography, multiple high level echo were noted in the internal and external anal sphincter of the upper anal canal. Microscopically, mononuclear cells were infiltrated in lamina propria and congestion. She had treatment with IV fluid, IV antibiotics and NPO. At 3rd hospital day, anal pain was disappeared. Bloody stool was disappeared next day. At 8th hospital day, mucosal edema and ulceration were disappeared on colonoscopic examination. Recovery was full and the patient was discharged at nine days after the episode.
Adult ; Anal Canal ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catalase ; Colitis* ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Diarrhea ; Edema ; Embolism ; Endosonography ; Enema* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide* ; Hydrogen* ; Mucous Membrane ; Oxygen ; Ulcer ; Wounds and Injuries

Norovirus is a leading cause of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Rapid and accurate detection of norovirus is essential for the prevention and control of norovirus outbreaks. The purpose of this study was to propose and develop a process for establishing appropriate standardized guidelines for the approval and evaluation of in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDD) for norovirus detection in Korea based on the related laws, regulations, and guidelines of USA, Europe, and Korea. We expect that this study could be used for diagnostic test standardization and the approval and evaluation of domestic norovirus diagnostic devices. We also expect the results will contribute to industrial expansion and public health promotion.
Diagnostic Tests, Routine* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Europe ; Gastroenteritis ; Jurisprudence ; Korea* ; Norovirus* ; Public Health ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Social Control, Formal

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) as an alternative testing of invasive diagnostic testing in pregnancies with ultrasound abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of pregnant women with abnormal ultrasound findings before 24 weeks of gestation between April 2016 and March 2017. Abnormal ultrasound findings included isolated increased nuchal translucency, structural anomalies, and soft markers. The NIPT or diagnostic test was conducted and NIPT detected trisomy 21 (T21), T18, T13 and sex chromosomal abnormalities. We analyzed the false positive and residual risks of NIPT based on the ultrasound findings. RESULTS: During the study period, 824 pregnant women had abnormal ultrasound findings. Among the study population, 139 patients (16.9%) underwent NIPT. When NIPT was solely performed in the patients with abnormal ultrasound findings, overall false positive risk was 2.2% and this study found residual risks of NIPT. However, the discordant results of NIPT differed according to the type of abnormal ultrasound findings. Discordant results were significant in the group with structural anomalies with 4.4% false positive rate. However, no discordant results were found in the group with single soft markers. CONCLUSION: This study found different efficacy of NIPT according to the ultrasound findings. The results emphasize the importance of individualized counseling for prenatal screening or diagnostic test based on the type of abnormal ultrasound.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Counseling ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Down Syndrome ; Female ; Humans ; Nuchal Translucency Measurement ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: To investigate postoperative incidence of complications and functional results between two groups, primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty and internal fixation with compression hip screw on unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur with severe osteoporosis in elderly patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 78 cases treated under unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur with severe osteoporotic elderly patients from March 1997 to August 2001 who have been followed up for more than a year were evaluated retrospectively between the group of bipolar hemiarthroplasty, 38 cases out of 60 cases and group of compression hip screw, 40 cases out of 59 cases. The incidence of complications and functional ability according to Merle d'Aubigne scale and the mortality rate were compared using student t-test. RESULTS: The means of Merle d'Aubigne scale for the hemiarthroplasty group and the compression hip screw group were at the last follow up, 15.0 and 13.6 respectively. The differences were statistically significant (p=0.04). Bipolar group revealed significant differences in general (18%) and mechanical complications (5%) between two groups (p<0.05). The mortality rates were 28% and 22% respectively and there were no significant differences statistically (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We consider that primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty would be better method in the treatment of the unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture with severe osteoporosis but we need much longer follow up.
Aged* ; Femur* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemiarthroplasty* ; Hip Fractures* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Osteoporosis ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: The persistence of infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) may lead to cervical cancer. Recently, the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) announced that oncogenic HPV screening and the PAP smear are the main methods of screening for cervical cancer. The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotyping of HPV, as well as the risk of cervical dysplasia. METHODS: HPV genotyping was conducted by a commercial chip assay. Cervical dysplasia was retrospectively reviewed using electronic medical records. The study participants were grouped together according to cervical dysplasia status: 'no dysplasia,' 'atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS),' 'low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL),' and 'high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL).' The HPV prevalence and genotyping were analyzed according to the cervical dysplasia group. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of HPV was 17.6% (91 out of 518 patients). HPV-18 (2.3%), HPV-16 (2.1%), and HPV-58 (1.2%) were the three most frequent genotypes. The prevalence of HPV infection and the high-risk HPV positive rate was higher in the ASCUS, LSIL, and HSIL groups than in the no dysplasia group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, basic data regarding the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes were obtained. Since HPV vaccination has been actively encouraged among Korean women, a change in the prevalence of HPV and cervical dysplasia is expected in the future. This study provided basic data describing the prevalence of HPV and its genotypes in the pre-HPV vaccination era.
Colposcopy ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Genotype ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination