Xanthoma disseminatum (XD) is one of cutaneous nonhistiocytosis X, and characterized by multiple, widely distributed red, brown, yellowish papules and nodules that tend to coalesce. We present a case of XD with characteristic clinical findings and treated with the combination therapy of COz laser vaporization and high dose steroid.
Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell* ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Gas* ; Volatilization* ; Xanthomatosis*

Testicular involvement in male patients with leprosy is well documented and may be associated with impotence, sterility and gynecomastia. Testicular histology shows atrophy of the seminiferous tubules with hypertropy and clumping of Leydig cells and hyalinization of the small and medium sized vessels. The hormonal functions of the testes have been studied by a number of workers, usually in patients with testicular atrophy and gynecomastia. In these particular patients, androgens are generally diminished while gonadotropins are increased. The pathogenesis of testicular damage is uncertain, though Wall and Wright(1974) found that testicular germinal cell antibodies were present in 75% of lepromatous, and postulated that :autoirnmunity, Erythema Nodosum Leprosum imrnune complex damage and direct invasion by Mycobacterium leprae may all be contributory.
Androgens ; Antibodies ; Atrophy ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Erythema Nodosum ; Gonadotropins ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Infertility ; Leprosy ; Leydig Cells ; Male ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Testis

PURPOSE: To evalute the surgical outcome of patients with limbal dermoid choristomata treated lay lamellar sclerokeratoplasty. METHODS: We performed lamellar sclerokeratoplasty on 13 patients with limbal dermoid in 14 eyes. Lamellar corneoscleral graft was used in this operation. We evaluated cosmetic effect, refractive change and graft survival/integrity after a follow up period of at least 3 months. RESULTS: All patients who underwent lamellar sclerokeratoplasty had good or excellent cometic result with good sclerocorneal alignment. There were no significant refractive changes following the surgery. Most (13 of 14) eyes had good graft integrity and survival without graft rejection. One of 14 eyes showed graft rejection sign, but it was subsided with systemic cyclosporine therapy. CONCLUSION: Lamellar sclerokeratoplasty is thought to be a good option for the primary surgery for limbal dermoid.
Cyclosporine ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Transplants

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of pars plana vitrectomy on the corneal endothelium. Thirty-one patients scheduled for pars plana vitrectomy were enrolled in this prospective study. Specular microscopic examination to check central corneal thickness (CCT) and central corneal endothelial density (CCED) was underwent at preoperatively and 1 week, 1 month, 2 months postoperatively. The duration of intravitreal irrigation and the volume of solution were checked also. Transient corneal edema and decrease in endothelial cell density with statistical significance was observed at 1 week postoperatively. We found that neither duration of intraocular irrigation nor the volume of solution used is related with corneal changes. The eyes with combined lensectomy showed more severe corneal edema and significant greater reduction of endothelial cell density at 1 month and 2 months postoperatively compared to phakic eyes. Diabetic eyes also showed a significant greater reduction of endothelial cell density at 2 months postoperatively compared to nondiabetic eyes.
Corneal Edema ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Vitrectomy*

The objective of this study was to evaluated the ariability of measurements of the optic nerve head(ONH) and peripapillary retinal blood flow using Heidelberg Retina flowmeter. Ten eyes of 10 ocularly normal subjects underwent scanning laser Doppler flowmetry. Each eye was scanned in 2 sessions which were separated by 30 minutes. In each session, 5 scans centerd on the ONH using a 10*2.5 degree scan angle were obtained. We identified 10 locations(4 locations in the cup of ONH) and took measurements at the same locations in all scans. The coefficient of variation(CVs, %) for volume, flow, and velocity ranged from 8.1 to 13.0%, 9.9 to 16.0%, and 9.9 to 14.6%, respectively. The CVs of measurements in the neural rim, peripapillary retina, and cup ranged from 9.1to 15.9%, 8.1 to 10.7%, and 11.8 to 16.0%, respectively. The Pearson's coefficients of correlation (r) showed significant correlation in the all parameters in the peripapillary retina and in the flow and velocity in the neural rim. In conclusion, scanning laser Doppler flowmetry provides reproducible measurement of ONH and retinal blood flow.
Flowmeters ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry* ; Optic Disk* ; Optic Nerve* ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde*

BACKGROUND: Linear lichen planus (LLP) and Lichen striatus (LS) are rare disorder that can be confused because they can share similar clinical and histopathologic features. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristic differences and common features between the two disorders histopathologically. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records of patients who had been diagnosed as LLP or LS in our dermatology clinic during the 15-year period between 1985 and 1999. We classified twenty seven cases, which were differentiated from other possible linear dermatoses, into LLP and LS on the basis of clinical features, and then compared them histopathologically, and appreciated the characteristic differences or common features of the two disorders. RESULTS: In cases diagnosed as LLP clinically, epidermal changes were mainly composed of hyperkeratosis (78%), acanthosis (78%), basal degeneration (78%), granular layer thickening (67%) and saw-toothed appearance of rete ridges (44%). In dermis, colloid bodies (78%), band-like inflammatory cell infiltration with pigmentary incontinence (78%) were strik-,ting findings. In cases with clinical features of LS, parakeratosis (50%), dyskeratotic cells scattered in the epidermis (61%) and intercellular edema (39%) were noted in the epidermis. Dermal cellular deposits were focally band-like infiltration(89%), more frequently perivascular in-filtration (83%) and often involved deep dermis (50%), hair follicles (44%) and eccrine glands (22%) in contrast to LLP. CONCLUSION: This study presents a comparative histopathologic features of LLP and LS. Three cases of LLP with overlapping histopathologic features suggest the possibility that there may be an intermediate form between either end of a spectrum, LLP and LS.
Colloids ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Eccrine Glands ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Lichen Planus* ; Lichens* ; Parakeratosis ; Skin Diseases

Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a congenital or perinatal tumor, 1 to 2 cm in diameter, usually located on the head. The extracutaneous lesions can occur on the eye, the lung, the epicardium, the oral cavity or the testicles. Subcutaneous form of juvenile xanthogranuloma has been reported very rarely in the literature. We report a unique case of a subcutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma that showed 4 × 4 cm sized plaque and located on the extremity of 9-year-old girl.
Child ; Extremities ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Lung ; Mouth ; Pericardium ; Testis ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn*

PURPOSE: In the present study, the incidence and risk factors of lens-iris diaphragm retropulsion syndrome (LIDRS) were evaluated. METHODS: Patients who underwent cataract surgery using phacoemulsification between June 2014 and December 2014 were included in the study. The preoperative ocular biometric and intraoperative surgical parameters were examined. The incidence of LIDRS and various risk factors were analyzed using an independent t-test, Pearson's chi-square test, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Among 124 eyes of 124 patients, 100 (80.6%) had no LIDRS and 24 (19.4%) had LIDRS. LIDRS occurred in 13 of 31 vitrectomized eyes (41.9%) and 11 of 93 non-vitrectomized eyes (11.8%). Based on univariable analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 0.920; p = 0.001), vitrectomized eye (OR, 5.038; p = 0.001), spherical equivalent (OR, 0.778; p < 0.001), axial length (OR, 1.716; p < 0.001), anterior chamber depth (OR, 3.328; p = 0.037), and 3.0 mm vs. 2.2 mm incision size (OR, 4.964; p = 0.001) were statistically significant risk factors associated with the development of LIDRS. Conditional multivariable logistic regression showed that vitrectomized eye (OR, 3.865; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.201 to 12.436; p = 0.023), long axial length (OR, 1.709; 95% CI, 1.264 to 2.310; p = 0.001), and 3.0 vs. 2.2 mm incision size (OR, 3.571; 95% CI, 1.120 to 11.393; p = 0.031) were significant independent risk factors associated with LIDRS. CONCLUSIONS: LIDRS is a relatively common occurrence and was found to be associated with vitrectomized eye, long axial length, and larger incision size. Evaluating risk factors prior to cataract surgery can help reduce associated morbidity.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Diaphragm* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Iris ; Logistic Models ; Phacoemulsification* ; Risk Factors*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical results of deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty (DLEK) surgery in patients with bullous keratopathy. METHODS: Seven eyes of 7 patients diagnosed with bullous keratopathy were evaluated for pre- and postoperative visual acuity, refractive error, astigmatism, and corneal topographic results. Specular microscopy and corneal pachymetry was performed in order to evaluate the corneal endothelial cell status. Postoperative complications such as graft rejection, infection, glaucoma, and graft dislocation were also evaluated. RESULTS: Preoperative visual acuity improved from 0.006 (CF ~ 0.02) to 0.4 (0.1 ~ 0.5) at an average of 1.2+/-0.18 years of follow-up. Manifest refraction, topographic astigmatism, corneal endothelial cell density, and central corneal thickness at the final visit were 1.21+/-0.73D, 2.1+/-0.70D, 1304+/-682 cells/mm2, and 504+/-128 micrometer respectively. Two eyes (28.6%) developed graft rejection, one of which recovered after intensive steroid treatment. However, one patient (14.3%) underwent penetrating keratoplasty due to graft failure at 6 months postoperatively. Seven of 7 eyes were noted to have graft dislocation, all of which were repositioned and attached after air injection or suture. CONCLUSIONS: DLEK surgery is an effective alternative to conventional penetrating keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy patients because of fast visual recovery and low incidence of postoperative astigmatism.
Astigmatism ; Corneal Pachymetry ; Corneal Transplantation* ; Dislocations ; Endothelial Cells ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Microscopy ; Postoperative Complications ; Refractive Errors ; Sutures ; Transplants ; Visual Acuity