No abstract available.
Meningitis*

Clinical observation was performed on 81 cases who were received exchange transfusion at Ilsin Christian Hospital from January, 1986 to Decrmber, 1990. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Among 6,388 cases of neonatal jaundice, the exchange transfusion was performed on 81 cases (1.27%). 2) There was no sex predominance (male 40, female 41). The birth weight of 75 cases(92.6%) ranged from 2,500 gm 4,000 gm. 3) The most predominant delivery type was normal vaginal delivery (66 cases, 81.5%). Instrumental delivery was 9 cases (11.1%) that was higher than control group (4.2%). 4) Analysing the exchanged 81 cases, sepsis accounted for 28 cases (34.6%) of the total exchanged group:ABO incompatibility 25 cases (30.9%), complicated causes 13 cases(16.0%), unknown causes 12 cases (14.8%) and Rh incompatibility 1 cases (1.2%). 5) Repeated exchange transfusion was required in 12 cases (16.0%). 6) In 20 cases (24.7%), exchange transfusion was performed on 7 days or more after birth. In 4 cases (4.9%), including 1 cases of Rh incompatibility, exchange transfusion was done within 24 hours after birth. 7) The most common organism of sepsis, which was the most predominant etiology of exchange transfusion was E. coli in 12 cases (31.5%). 8) After exchange transfusion, serum bilirubin, Hb and reticulocyte count were decreased by 24%, 22% and 36%, respectively.
Bilirubin ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; Parturition ; Reticulocyte Count ; Sepsis

We report a case of trichorrhexis nodosa in a 27-year-old male. Scanning electron microscopic findings reveals those of typical trichorrhexis nodosa nodal swelling of affected hair showed longitudinal fissures and fractures in the cortex. A paintbrush effect was noted at the site of fracture. Simple avoidance of trauma gave some regrowth of hairs.
Adult ; Hair ; Humans ; Male

PURPOSE: Recurrent abdominal pain syndrome (RAPS) is not uncommon in school-aged children, but the etiology and pathogenesis are not understood well. But recent studies suggest that motility disorder makes up a majority of the pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate gastric emptying time (GET) which is a method to evaluate gastrointestinal motility in patients with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome. METHODS: Radionuclide GET was investigated in 34 patients who visited the Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital due to recurrent abdominal pain from January 1996 to June 1997. After 8 hours of fasting, the patient received two pieces of toast and a fried egg tagged with 2 mci of 99mTc albumin colloid and sequential counting was accomplished. We calculated the geometric mean of two counts measured from AP-PA scans and investigated 60 minutes of intragastric radionuclide retention rate. RESULTS: A total of 34 patients (12 boys, 22 girls, M : F=1 : 1.8) participated in this study. The age ranged from 5 to 12 years and the mean age was 8.8 years. Associated symptoms were headache (7 patients), nausea (7 patients), constipation (2 patients), vomiting (1 patient), and diarrhea (1 patient). Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG Ab was positive in 4 cases. Endoscopic gastritis was found in 6 cases. The mean of 60 minutes of intragastric radionuclide retention rate was 72 +/- 17% and 27 cases (79%) were delayed significantly. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that delayed gastric emptying time is a cause of abdominal pain in patients with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome.
Abdominal Pain* ; Busan ; Child ; Colloids ; Constipation ; Diarrhea ; Fasting ; Female ; Gastric Emptying* ; Gastritis ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Headache ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Nausea ; Ovum ; Pediatrics ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Child* ; Gangwon-do* ; Humans

Recently diabetic neuropathy has been postulated to occur from reduced availability of neurotrophic factor. This experiment was performed to identify the effect of nerve growth factor on dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in the strepto-zotocin-induced diabetic rat using morphometry and immunohistochemistry. The results obtained are as follows : 1. Unlike in the diabetic group where the type A and B cells were significantly decreased in their total numbers and sizes, these cells were normal in NGF-administered diabetic group. 2. Numbers of cells immunoreactive with SP and CGRP were also significantly decreased in the diabetic group. However, the NGF-administered diabetic group did not show any reduction in the number of these cells. 3. Mean sizes of cells immunoreactive with SP and CGRP cells were reduced in the diabetic group by 18.1% and 26.6% respectively (P<0.01). On the other hand, in NGF-administered diabetic group, mean sizes of SP-immunoreactive cells were increased (10.5%) which was not statiatically significant, and those of CGRP-immunoreactive cells were decreased (18%) compared to the control group (P<0.01). 4. In the diabetic group, many of nerve cell bodies showed some degenerative characteristics including neuron-satellite cell interface of irregular shape, the presence of a number of vacuoles and dense bodies, and nucleus of irregular contour. However, NGF-administered diabetic group exhibited neuron-satellite cell interface of regular form, many neurofilaments and neurotubules, and normal intracellular organelles. These results suggest that administration of NGF protects spinal ganglion cells from morphometric and morphological changes which are associated with a streptozotocin -induced diabetic neuropathy.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Hand ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Neurons ; Organelles ; Rats* ; Streptozocin ; Vacuoles

Background: Most unintentional injuries that occur at home are preventable. However, it may be difficult to sufficiently reduce the number of falls occurring at home by only identifying risk factors focused on specific age groups. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors (especially age and places where injuries occurred at home) for intracranial injury (ICI) caused by unintentional falls at home. Methods: Using the Emergency Department (ED)-Based Injury In-depth Surveillance, we analyzed the data of patients who visited the ED due to unintentional falls at home. Risk factors were identified using multivariable logistic regression according to age groups and interactions between place of injury occurrence and age groups, and sex and age groups were assessed. Results: In total, 232,124 patients were included in the analysis; older adults had a higher adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 14.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.74–15.49) of ICI than infants. The corridor was associated with ICI in the male pediatric group (aOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.08–6.84) and the balcony with the female pediatric group (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.03–4.04). In the adult group, aOR of kitchen was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.02–1.88) in females and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.48–0.66) in males. Conclusion In this study, we identified the risk factors of ICI caused by falls at home using ED-based injury surveillance data. The risk of ICI was different among places of occurrence in the home depending on the age groups and sex.

Background: Most unintentional injuries that occur at home are preventable. However, it may be difficult to sufficiently reduce the number of falls occurring at home by only identifying risk factors focused on specific age groups. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors (especially age and places where injuries occurred at home) for intracranial injury (ICI) caused by unintentional falls at home. Methods: Using the Emergency Department (ED)-Based Injury In-depth Surveillance, we analyzed the data of patients who visited the ED due to unintentional falls at home. Risk factors were identified using multivariable logistic regression according to age groups and interactions between place of injury occurrence and age groups, and sex and age groups were assessed. Results: In total, 232,124 patients were included in the analysis; older adults had a higher adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 14.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.74–15.49) of ICI than infants. The corridor was associated with ICI in the male pediatric group (aOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.08–6.84) and the balcony with the female pediatric group (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.03–4.04). In the adult group, aOR of kitchen was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.02–1.88) in females and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.48–0.66) in males. Conclusion In this study, we identified the risk factors of ICI caused by falls at home using ED-based injury surveillance data. The risk of ICI was different among places of occurrence in the home depending on the age groups and sex.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have shown correlation between low incidence of coronary heart disease and high consumption of fish products. It has been suggested that this may be due to the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 fatty acid group in fish oil. In animal studies eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) inhibited attachment of monocytes to the arterial endothelium. METHOD: Adhesion assay was performed on the endothelial cells of the human umbilical vein with 25, 50, 100, 200 micrometer EPA-treated U937 cells. The endothelial cells were activated with lipopoysaccharide (LPS). The adhesion assay was repeated with oxidized EPA. EPA was oxidized with CuSO4 and ascorbic acid. RESULT:Viability of U937 cells were not affected by concentrations up to 200 micrometer of EPA and oxidized EPA. LPS treatment of endothelium notably increased the number of U937 cells attached to endothelial cells on the adhesion assay. However, treatment of EPA, native or oxidized, to U937 cells did not affect the number of U937 cells attached to LPS activated endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: EPA treatment, native or oxidized, of U937 cells did not affect U937 cell-endothelial cell adhesion. This suggests that inhibition of monocyte-endothelial cells attachment by EPA is not due to the effects of EPA on monocytes.
Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; Cell Adhesion* ; Coronary Disease ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid* ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Fish Products ; Humans ; Incidence ; Monocytes ; U937 Cells ; Umbilical Veins

Isolated right ventricular hypoplasia, unassociated with severe pulmonary or tricuspid valvar malformations, is a rare primary congenital cardiac anomaly in which of the trabecular portion of right ventricle fails to develop. An atrial septal defect or a patent foramen ovale serves as an escape valve. We observed a 2-day-old neonate with this disorder who suffered from cyanosis. The diagnosis was made by Doppler-echocardiography which revealed marked reduction in right ventricular size and right-to-left shunt through the atrial septal defect. There was no other cardiac malformation such as pulmonary atresia or tricuspid atresia.
Cyanosis ; Diagnosis ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Tricuspid Atresia* ; United Nations