The purpose of this study was to observe mandibular condyle shape and position in an asymptomatic population. In o rder to carry out this study, 142 temporomandibular joints in 71 adults(35 males, 36 females), who were asymptomatic for temporomandibular joint disorders and had no history of prosthodontic or orthodontic treatments, were selected, and rad iographed using the Accurd-200 head holder(Denar Co., U.S.A.) for lateral individualized corrected tomograms. Mandibular condyles were classified morphologically and evaluated in positional relationships with articular fossae and articular eminences at centric occlusiohn and 1 inch mouth opening. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In the classification of mandibular condyle shape, the convex type was more prevalent in trascranial radiograms and tomograms taken at medial, central, and lateral locations. 2. In the mandibular condyle position at centric occlusion, the mandibular condyles were palced posterior to the center of articular fossae in trascranial radiograns and anterior to the center of articular fossae in tomograns taken at medi al, central, and lateral locations. 3. In the mandibular condyle position in right and left TMJs at centric occlusion, the mandibular condyles were placed bilateral asymmetric relationships to the articular fossae in trascranial radiograms and tomograms taken at medial, cent ral, and lateral location, 4. In the mandibular condyle position at 1 inch mouth opening, the mandibular condyles were placed anterior to the arti cular eminences in trascranial radiogramas and tomograms taken at central location and posterior to the articular eminen ces in tomograms taken at medial and lateral locations.
Classification ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Condyle* ; Mouth ; Prosthodontics ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

No abstract available.

Hurthle cell tumors are an infrequent neoplasm of the thyroid gland in adults. Hurthle cell tumors represent 4. 5% to 10% of all primary thyroid epithelial neoplasms in the foreign literature. It has been known as Hurthle cell tumor since Ewing was the first to use this term in 1928. Tumor occurring in an infant was described by Symmers(1941) and Morrow(1945). The authors experienced a case of congenital Hurthle cell tumor of the thyroid gland in a 2 months old boy. He was admitted to the pediatric surgical department because of a growing mass in the neck since birth. Ultrasonogram showed a huge lobulated homogenous solid mass with medium level echogenicity in the region of the thyroid gland. Subtotal thyroidectomy of right lobe and total thyroidectomy of left lobe were done. The specimen measures 2x3x1.5 cm and 7x3x3 cm, respectively. It was an encapsulated, yellow gray firm and solid mass. The cut surface was smooth, glistening and homogenous. Microscopicully, the tumor was composed of tightly packed regular follicles lined by polyhedral, cuboidal, large cells with a granular acidophilic cytoplasms. The nuclei are vesicular, usually only a little bit larger than those of normal thyroid cells.
Infant ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

Purpose: To measure the absorbed doses of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), which is recently being more frequently used, and to compare them with those of panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: To measure the absorbed doses of CBCT (PSR-9000N(TM), Asahi Roentgen Ind. Co., Japan), we placed TLD chips on the skin regions above the parotid and thyroid glands, and on the dorsum of tongue in a dental head phantom. We used two image acquisition modes of the Dental and Panoramic modes of CBCT, which differed in the field of view. Also, panoramic radiographs (Auto IIIN, Asahi Roentgen Ind. Co., Japan) were taken to compare with the absorbed doses of CBCT. Result: In the Dental mode of CBCT, the absorbed doses of the parotid gland, dorsum of tongue, and thyroid gland were 3.53, 3.13, and 0.36 mGy, respectively. In the Panoramic mode of CBCT, they were 9.57, 9.15, and 0.85 mGy, respectively. The panoramic mode showed higher absorbed doses than those of the Dental mode. In the panoramic radiography, the absorbed doses of the parotid gland, dorsum of tongue, and thyroid gland were 1.21, 1.19, and 0.16 mGy, respectively. And they were about 1/3 of the Dental mode and 1/9 of the Panoramic mode of CBCT. Conclusion: Absorbed doses of CBCT are higher than those of panoramic radiography, and dependent upon the field of view.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Head ; Parotid Gland ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Skin ; Thyroid Gland ; Tongue

Purpose: To measure the absorbed doses of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), which is recently being more frequently used, and to compare them with those of panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: To measure the absorbed doses of CBCT (PSR-9000N(TM), Asahi Roentgen Ind. Co., Japan), we placed TLD chips on the skin regions above the parotid and thyroid glands, and on the dorsum of tongue in a dental head phantom. We used two image acquisition modes of the Dental and Panoramic modes of CBCT, which differed in the field of view. Also, panoramic radiographs (Auto IIIN, Asahi Roentgen Ind. Co., Japan) were taken to compare with the absorbed doses of CBCT. Result: In the Dental mode of CBCT, the absorbed doses of the parotid gland, dorsum of tongue, and thyroid gland were 3.53, 3.13, and 0.36 mGy, respectively. In the Panoramic mode of CBCT, they were 9.57, 9.15, and 0.85 mGy, respectively. The panoramic mode showed higher absorbed doses than those of the Dental mode. In the panoramic radiography, the absorbed doses of the parotid gland, dorsum of tongue, and thyroid gland were 1.21, 1.19, and 0.16 mGy, respectively. And they were about 1/3 of the Dental mode and 1/9 of the Panoramic mode of CBCT. Conclusion: Absorbed doses of CBCT are higher than those of panoramic radiography, and dependent upon the field of view.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Head ; Parotid Gland ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Skin ; Thyroid Gland ; Tongue

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of osteoporosis on fracture wound healing in the calcium defi cient rat. To research the experiment some ten-week old Wistar strain rats with approximately 300 gms weight were selected. Then , the rats were divided into two groups: Normal diet group(rats given a normal diet before and after bone fracture) and Low calcium diet group(rats given a low calcium diet before and after bone fracture). Both groups had been provided wit h each diet for three weeks. When the rats became thirteen weeks old, the mandibular angle of rats in both groups was ar tificially fractured for test. The healing of fracture wounds was reviewed by using soft x-ray radiography and 99m Tc-MDP bone scan and also histopathologic examination. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The radiolucency of the fracture site for the Normal diet group started to decrease from the 14th day since the expe riment was made, while the Low calcium diet group began decrease in the radiolucency from the 21st day of the experiment . The radiolucency for the normal diet group disappeared at the 42nd day, but one for the Low calcium diet group disappe ared at the 56th day of the experiment. 2. The highest uptake rate of (99m)Tc-MDP stood at the 14th day of the experiment in the Normal diet group and the Low calium diet group's maximum rate was recorded at the 21st day of the experiment. These both groups were gradual ly experiencing decrease in the uptake rate as the experiment time was going on. However, the uptake rate in the Low cal ium diet group was lower than one in the Normal diet group. 3. For the Normal diet group, the newly formed trabecular, which were similar to one of the surrounding bone, were seen at the 42nd day of the experiment. On the other hand, the Low claium diet group showed at the 56th day of the experimen t that the osteoporotic findings looked weak, irregular trabecular, and also large bone marrow space were observed clear ly. As a result of the above experiment, it is said that the healing of the fracture can be completed for both groups, t he Normal diet group and the Low calium diet group. However, the amount of the newly formed bone wound in the Low calciu m diet group is rather decreased compared to one in the normal diet group and at the same time the healing of the fractu re is delayed in the Low calcium diet group. Consequently, for the successful healing of fracture in osteoporosis, it is considered that the management of the etiologic factors of osteoporosis must be preceded. the more study of calcium met abolism and functions of osteoblast and osteoclast needs to proceed on.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Calcium* ; Diet ; Hand ; Mandibular Fractures* ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteoporosis ; Radiography ; Rats* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

The purpose of this study was to aid in the prediction of tumor cell tolerance to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. For this study, cell surviving curves were obtained for human epidermoid carcinoma A-253 cell line using semiautomated MTT assay. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Gy were irradiated at a dose rate of 210 cGy/min using 60Co Irradiator ALDORADO 8. After irradiation, A-253 cell lines(2x10(4) cells/ml) were exposed to bleomycin or cisplatin for 1 hour. The viable cells were determined for each radiation dose with/without 2 ug/ml of drug at the 3rd day. And they were compared to control values. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The surviving curve with gentle slope was obtained after irradiation of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Gy on A-253 cell line. 2. The cytotoxicity of bleomycin or cisplatin at the concentration of 2 ug/ml was great on A-253 cell line. But, there was no significant difference between the cytotoxicity of bleomycin and that of cisplatin. 3. There were significant differences of surviving fractions after irradiation with 2 ug/ml of bleomycin compared with irradiation only on A-253 cell line. 4. There were significant differences of surviving fractions after irradiation with 2 ug/ml of cisplatin compared with irradiation only on A-253 cell line. 5. There were no significant differences of surviving fractions between the groups of irradiation with bleomycin and the groups of irradiation with cisplatin on A-253 cell line.
Bleomycin ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Radiation Tolerance* ; Radiotherapy

BACKGROUND: Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) is known as the easieat and most economical and the quality of autologous blood saved by it is the best of all methods of autotransfusion. To investigate the efficacy of ANH, we studied whether it could reduce the transfusion requirement in spinal surgery. METHODS: Forty patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the hemodilution group (n=20), 2 or 3 units of autologous blood were procured immediately before or after anesthetic induction while Ringer's lactate and pentastarch were infused to maintain normovolemia. All patients received deliberate hypotension induced by labetalol. Perioperative changes of hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets, the transfusion requirement and the amount of postoperative drainage were compared between each group. RESULTS: Perioperative changes of hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet showed no significant differences between each group. Less packed RBC were used in the hemodilution group (1.9 2.0 units) than in control group (5.9 6.8 units) (p<0.05). In the control group, 4 patients were transfused with fresh frozen plasma (mean 4.8 units), 3 patients with platelets (mean 13 units) and 1 patient with cryoprecipitate (10 units) while only one patient was transfused with 3 units of fresh frozen plasma in the hemodilution group. Postoperative drainage was significantly less in the hemodilution group (1,494 488 ml) than in the control group (2,476 1,730 ml). CONCLUSION: ANH seems to decrease the transfusion requirement in spinal surgery. Reduction of postoperative wound drainage appears to play an important role in that.
Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion, Autologous ; Drainage ; Hematocrit ; Hemodilution* ; Humans ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives ; Hypotension ; Labetalol ; Lactic Acid ; Plasma ; Wounds and Injuries

The purpose of this study was to established the characteristic radiographic features in salivary gland diseases by means of sialography and scintigraphy. Sialograms and scintigrams with diseases of salivary gland were examined. In this group were 5 salivary stones, 14 sialadenitis, 17 Sj gren's syndromes and 8 benign tumors. The obtained results were as follows; 1. In the configuration of the shape of main duct, those revealed that modified curvilinear and curvilinear types were predominant in Sj gren's syndromes but reverse sigmoid and angular types were in sialolithiasis and sialadenitis combined with sialodochitis. 2. In the configuration of the course of main duct, those revealed that smooth types were predominant in sialadenitis and irregular types were predominant in Sj gren's syndromes and benign tumors and irregular types were seen in all salivary stones and sialadenitis combined with sialodochitis, 3. In the type of intraglandular pattern, those revealed that destructive changes of salivary duct system and parenchyma were severe in sialadenitis and salivary stones and predominantly severe in Sj gren's syndromes. 4. The function of salivary gland was decreased severely in Sj gren's syndrome. and also decrease in salivary stone and sialadenitis. In benign tumor, the uptake of radioisotope was not seen in lesion and the function of salivary gland decreased in its remaining normal parenchyma.
Colon, Sigmoid ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Salivary Ducts ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Gland Diseases ; Salivary Glands ; Sialadenitis ; Sialography*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Co-60 gamma irradiation on the osseointegration. 2.0 mm titanium alloy screw implants were placed in the tibial metaphysis of the rabbits, bilaterally. The mean length of the implants was 6.0 mm. The right tibia was irradiated with a single dose of 15 Gy from 60Co teletherapic machine at 5th postoperative day. The experimental group was irradiated tibia. The control group was non-irradiated tibia. To observe the phase of bone formation, the bone labeling by intramuscular injection of 20mg/Kg of Tetracycline, Calcein, Alizarin red S, was performed. The rabbits were sacrificed on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th week and the tibia including implants were taken, and then the specimens were examined by the microradiography, light microscopy, and fluorescent microscopy. The obtained results were as follows; 1. There were connective tissue between bone and titanium at 1st week, in both group. Especially, the many empty lacunae without nucleus and obscure cytoplasm in experimental group, were observed. 2. The osteons were observed at 4th week in control group, and at 6th week in experimental group. The bone formation in experimental group was retarded as compared to the control group. 3. In fluorescent microscopy, bone labelling band was observed as linear, arc or concentric shape. Occasionary interrupted labelling band was observed, which is demonstrated bone remodeling. 4. In microradiographic examination, the radiolucent image was found between bone and implant with widening of bone marrow spaces as compared to the control group.
Alloys ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Remodeling ; Connective Tissue ; Cytoplasm ; Haversian System ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Microradiography ; Microscopy ; Osseointegration* ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Tetracycline ; Tibia ; Titanium