PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate computed tomographic (CT) findings of deep neck space infection(DNSI) with particular attention to the differences in the spaces involved and in complications between odontogenic and nonodontogenic groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients(21 odontogenic and 23 nonodontogenic) were included in this study. Among odontogenic DNSls, 15 had the dental infection in the second or third mandibular molar. We compared the CT features between odontogenic and nonodontogenic DNSIs with special emphasis on the differences in the spaces involved and in the rate and type of complications. RESULTS: In all patients, CT clearly differentiated abscess from cellulitis. The most common spaces involved in 21 patients with odontogenic DNSl were the parapharyngeal(n=18), the submandibular(n=18), the anterior visceral(n=13), the masticator(n=9), and the sublingual(n=7) spaces. In contrast, in 23 patients with nonodontogenic DNSI, the anterior visceral space(n=14) was most frequently involved. The parapharyngeal, the submandibular, and the masticator spaces were statistically more frequently involved in odontogenic than in nonodontogenic DNSI(p<.05). Twenty-two patients had one or more complications shown by CT, of which airway compromise was more frequent and severe in odontogenicthan in nonodontogenic DNSI. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the parapharyngeal, the submandibular, and the masticator spaces are more significantly vulnerable in odontogenic DNSl than in nonodontogenic DNSl. The predilection for certain spaces of the neck in odontogenic DNSl seems to originate from the intimate relationship of the mandibular molars to the adjacent deep neck spaces.
Abscess ; Cellulitis ; Humans ; Molar ; Neck*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate computed tomographic (CT) findings of deep neck space infection(DNSI) with particular attention to the differences in the spaces involved and in complications between odontogenic and nonodontogenic groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients(21 odontogenic and 23 nonodontogenic) were included in this study. Among odontogenic DNSls, 15 had the dental infection in the second or third mandibular molar. We compared the CT features between odontogenic and nonodontogenic DNSIs with special emphasis on the differences in the spaces involved and in the rate and type of complications. RESULTS: In all patients, CT clearly differentiated abscess from cellulitis. The most common spaces involved in 21 patients with odontogenic DNSl were the parapharyngeal(n=18), the submandibular(n=18), the anterior visceral(n=13), the masticator(n=9), and the sublingual(n=7) spaces. In contrast, in 23 patients with nonodontogenic DNSI, the anterior visceral space(n=14) was most frequently involved. The parapharyngeal, the submandibular, and the masticator spaces were statistically more frequently involved in odontogenic than in nonodontogenic DNSI(p<.05). Twenty-two patients had one or more complications shown by CT, of which airway compromise was more frequent and severe in odontogenicthan in nonodontogenic DNSI. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the parapharyngeal, the submandibular, and the masticator spaces are more significantly vulnerable in odontogenic DNSl than in nonodontogenic DNSl. The predilection for certain spaces of the neck in odontogenic DNSl seems to originate from the intimate relationship of the mandibular molars to the adjacent deep neck spaces.
Abscess ; Cellulitis ; Humans ; Molar ; Neck*

We report magnetic resonance imaging findings of massive spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by repeated lumbar punctures during spinal anesthesia in a 36-year-old man. The signal intensities of spinal SAH were similar to those of the conus medullaris on both T1 and T2- weighted spin-echo images. Although spinal SAH is hardly recognized on MR, spinal SAH of sufficient amount may cause alteration of the cerebrospinal fluid signal.
Adult ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Conus Snail ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spinal Puncture ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

We studied the usefulness of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as well as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) as marker of prostatic cancer in twelve cases of advanced prostatic cancer including 4 or stage C and 8 of stage D, 50 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 50 cases of nonprostatic diseases as normal control. The positive rates of PSA were 100% for prostatic cancer, 20% for BPH and O% for nonprostatic diseases, and those of PAP were 75% for prostate cancer, 8% for BPH and 2% for nonprostatic diseases. These results indicated hat PSA is more sensitive than PAP but less specific than PAP in diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Serum PSP level was correlated with the weight of prostate in BPH patients. Serum PSA level determined during the follow-up after endocrine therapy for prostatic cancer reflected the clinical course of the patients. Because of its relatively low specificity, PSA alone may not be useful for early diagnosis of prostatic cancer. If in combination with other diagnostic modalities, it may be useful in early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of prostatic cancer within restricted limits.
Acid Phosphatase ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of the opacification of paranasal sinuses and to correlate the prevalence and severity of the sinus opacification with presence of upper respiratory infection (URI) in infants and children using CT. MATERIALS & METHODS: We analyzed CT scans of 162 children aged under 16 who have no signs and symptoms of paranasal sinusitis. Both sides of maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses were evaluated. We scored from 0 to 3 according to the degree of soft tissue opacification of each sinus and then summed up the scores of each sinus. We divided the children into 5 groups according to their age. We paid particular attention to the following respects: 1) the prevalence of the opacification of the paranasal sinuses in each group; 2) the difference in the prevalence between the children with and without URI ;3) the correlation between the severity of the sinus opacification and the presence of URI. RESULTS: Of 162 children, one or more paranasal sinus opacification was noted in 76(47 %):31(65%) less than 1 year old;11(52%) between 1 and 2 years old;16(53%) between 2 and 6 years old ;15(28%) between 6 and 12 years old;and 3(33%) above 12 years old. In children less than 1 year old, no significant difference in the prevalence of the sinus opacification was found between URI-positive(71%) and URI-negative(58%) subgroups. In chilren between 1 and 12 years old, although the prevalence of the sinus opacification in URI-positive subgroups was much greater than that in URI-negative subgroup, statistically significant difference was noted only in children between 2 and 6 years old. As to the correlation between the severity of the sinus opacification and the presence of URI, these was a statistically significant difference in children between 2 and 6 years old and between 6 and 12 years old. CONCLUSION: Although the exact pathophysiology is not fully understood, the opacification of the paranasal sinuses is not an uncommon finding at CT in children without the signs and symptoms of sinusitis. We think that the clinical correlation is essential in determining the diagnosis and treatment plan in cases that the sinus radiographs or CT scans show the abnormal findings.
Child* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant* ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Prevalence* ; Sinusitis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The standard treatment of pancreatic necrosis has been surgical necrosectomy. There has been debate on whether early surgical intervention can reduced by infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN). Early emergency laparotomy and multiple organ failure remain associated with high mortality. However, reports have presented during the last 10 years of survival of severe acute pancreatitis with medical management. Large and multicenter study showed that about two thirds of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis can be treated conservatively with relatively low mortality. Patients with IPN benefit from postponding intervention and minimal invasive treatment. We reviewed 4 literatures including 2 Korean institute reseached reports concerning non-surgical, conservative treatments of necrotizing pancreatitis including IPN. Large and multicenter study showed that about two thirds of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis can be treated conservatively with relatively low mortality.
Emergencies ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Mortality ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Necrosis ; Pancreatitis*

Acute cerebral infarctions are rare in children, however, they can occur as a complication of a Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection due to direct invasion, vasculitis, or a hypercoagulable state. We report on the case of a 5-year-old boy who had an extensive stroke in multiple cerebrovascular territories 10 days after the diagnosis of MP infection. Based on the suspicion that the cerebral infarction was associated with a macrolide-resistant MP infection, the patient was treated with levofloxacin, methyl-prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and enoxaparin. Despite this medical management, cerebral vascular narrowing progressed and a decompressive craniectomy became necessary for the patient's survival. According to laboratory tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical manifestations, the cerebral infarction in this case appeared to be due to the combined effects of hypercoagulability and cytokineinduced vascular inflammation.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Diagnosis ; Enoxaparin ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammation ; Levofloxacin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Stroke ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis

The gray vibrissae of Korean males(n =189) between 15 and 75 years old and females(n =111) between-15 and 74 years old who visited the department of otorhinolaryngology, Konkuk university Chungju hospital during 1996 to 1998, were counted for the purpose of estimating approximate age range in individuals of unknown age . The lowest age appearing gray hairs in both sexes was 15-year-old. The Pearson's correlation coefficient in both sexes was 0.490 (p<0.01). The age appearing gray vibrissae in females was slightly earlier than that of males, however, the differences between right and left sides of nasal cavity were insignificant. This method of counting gray vibrissae would be useful to estimate age range in personal identification together with other methods available until now.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Female ; Hair* ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Otolaryngology ; Vibrissae*

Hamartoma of the breast is a rare benign lesion presenting as palpable mass. They are, however, sometimes misdiagnosed by pathologist due to their resemblance to other benign or physiologic conditions of the breast. We report two cases of hamartomas of the breast. The clinical diagnosis was fibroadenoma in both cases. One patient was a 49-year-old woman presented with palpable mass for the duration of 5 months. Mammography showed a well demarcated round mass with homogeneous density which is slightly greater than the surrounding glandular tissue. Grossly it was a 3.5 3.0 2.0 cm sized round firm mass covered by thin fibrous tissue. Microscopically it was a well defined mass composed of variable amount of breast lobules, dilated ducts and adipose tissue surrounded by dense hyalinized connective tissue. The adipose tissue accounted for 30% of the entire lesion. Cellular atypism was not found. The other patient was a 18-year-old woman presented with palpable mass of the duration of 3 years, which was increased in size recently. Mammography demonstratesd a well delimited lobulated mass with lucent halo. Ultrasonography showed a well encapsulated low echoic mass admixed with high echoic areas. Grossly, it was a 4.0 4.0 2.0 cm sized well demarcated oval-shaped firm mass with translucent thin fibrous capsule.. Microscopic findings were similar to the former. The amount of adipose tissue was 20%.
Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Breast* ; Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*