The spondylolysis is a defective ossification in the pars interarticularis of the neural arches without displacement of the vertebral body. The authors analysed 810 lumbar spines of adult Korean laborers on the basis examined to determine the anatomic characteristics of spondylolysis. The following results were obtained. 1. The overall incidence in laborer was 6.8%. 2. The most frequent site of the involvement was the fifth lumbar vertebra. of radiologic study and 3. Spina bifida in spodylolysis was approximately 1.7 times as frequent as is normally expected. 4. Lumbarization in spondylolysis was approximately 5.8 times as frequent as is normally expected. 5. Sacralization was not found in 55 cases of spondylolysis.
Adult ; Humans ; Incidence ; Spinal Dysraphism ; Spine ; Spondylolysis

No abstract available.
Osteoma, Osteoid* ; Tetracycline*

The term juxta-facet cyst has been used to characterize two types of periarticular cystic alterations, synovial and ganglion, that can occur in the paraspinal region. Synovial cysts arise from synovial outpouchings through the weakened or destroyed capsular tissue.Ganglion cysts are commonly found about the wrist and hand.But theoretically they can occur at any site in the body where periarticular connective tissue is present. In spinal canal these cysts may cause pressure on adjacent nerve root to produce a variety of neurological symptoms. The clinical features indicated an acute onset of symptoms favoring a diagnosis of disc herniation, so differential diagnosis is important.We have experienced two cases of the intraspinal extradural cysts connected to posterior longitudinal ligament by a sheath, causing nerve root compression. those were managed with excision of the cyst, and no recurrence has been identified during follow up evaluation.
Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglion Cysts ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Radiculopathy ; Recurrence ; Spinal Canal ; Synovial Cyst ; Wrist

Chronic cavities of the dorsum of the foot often have bare bone and are unsuitable for free skin grafting. Local Flaps are often impossible because of surrounding scar tissue and dead space. A simple method is presented; it consists of the excision of the lesion, filling the cavity by a two staged random-pattern de-epithelialised turn over flap, and skin graft.
Cicatrix ; Foot ; Methods ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Transplants

The aim of this study was to compare widely used quantitative sensory tests to evaluate the diabetic neuropathy(DN). We tested plantar sensation of 40 patients with diabetes mellitus(Group I: 20 with neuropathic symtom, Group II: 20 without symptom) using Semmes-Weinstein monofilament(touch sensation), Biothesiometer(vibration sensation) and EMG. This result was also compared with that of the control group. Eighty percent of Group I and thirty percent of Group II had abnormal EMG findings. Group I had decreased vibration and touch sensation. Comparison of vibration perception threshold(Biothesiometer) with touch pressure sensation(Semmes-Weinstein monofilament) showed that the test with Biothesiometer was relatively accurate, however it was complicated, time consuming and that the test with monofilament was simple and easily performed in the field even though it was relatively crude. 5.07 monofilament could be very effective in the eearly detection of diabetic neumpathy. In conclusion, we recommend 5.07 monofilament as a screening method of diabetic neuropathy and biothesiometer as its follow-up method.
Diabetic Neuropathies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Methods ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Sensation ; Vibration

The standard treatment of adult femoral shaft fractures is the closed intramedullary nailing using a fracture table, but in polytraumatized patients, this method may be difficult due to concomitant adjacent injury. So, we report on the technique of closed intramedullary nailing without a fracture table for adult femoral shaft fracture using "joystick" technique on radiolucent table in supine position. Among 15 cases, two were open fractures, three were proximal 1/3, seven were middle 1/3, two were distal 1/3, and theree were segmental fractures. According to the Winquist Hansen classification, five type I, four type II, three type III, three were type IV. The eleven patients out of the fifteen were operated within 48 hours. The average operation time was 105 minutes, and the amount of bleeding was below 300cc. Forty-seven percent was anatomically reduced, forty percent had below five degree of angular deformity or below five milimeter of shortening, thirteen percent had above five degree of angular deformity of above five milimeter of shortening. The closed intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures without fracture table using radiolucent table and "joy stick" technique is an effective and safe method in multiple injuries. And it reduced the operation time by reducing the preoperation time including preparing of a fracture table.
Adult ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femoral Fractures ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Open ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Methods ; Multiple Trauma ; Supine Position

There is a controversy in patella retention or resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) till today. Authors studied 52 cases of 45 patients recieved total knee arthroplasty with patella retention (Group 1, twenty-five cases) or patella resurfacing (Group 2, twenty-seven cases) in patients with osteoarthritis. All operations were done by senior surgeon and the implants used were LCS type (33 cases), AMK type (12 cases), Genesis type (5 cases) and Tricon M type (2 cases). The indications of patella retention were small patella, nearly normal articular cartilage, minimal pre-operative patellofemoral pain, poor patellar bone quality and young patients. Patella retention were performed only with LCS prosthesis, which patella groove of the femoral component is deep and anatomical. The operative approaches used were medial parapatella approach in neutral or varus knee and lateral parapatella approch for severe valgus knee and tilting or lateral subluxation of the patella. The mean follow-up period was 24 months (range 12 months to 5 years). The method for clinical evaluation was Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scoring (consisted of pain, function, range of motion). The method for radiographical evaluation was Knee societys radiologic evaluation system for tibial and femoral alignment, and Keblishs method for patello-femoral congruence. The clinical HSS knee score was average 90.9 points in both groups, and 91.9 points in group 1, 90.0 points in group 2, and there was no statistically difference in HSS knee score between the two groups (P<0.05). The radiologic results had no significant difference in alignment and patello-femoral congruence between the two groups (P<0.05). But the complications were one case of patella fracture, one patella tendon rupture, one anterior instability and two cases of infection in group 2. In conclusion, the results of both groups were satisfactory. We think that it have relation to strict selection of the patients for patella retension and the use of prosthesis that the patella groove of femoral component is deep and anatomical.
Arthroplasty* ; Cartilage, Articular ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis ; Patella* ; Patellar Ligament ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Intervertebral Disc* ; Prevalence* ; Spine*

Dryness has harmful effect on the harvested autogenous bone. But there was no report how the bone cells response to the drying condition and recuperate after exposure. Cytotoxic effect of dryness on the osteoblast-like cells were examined from 18- day chick calvaria. The cells were rinsed with lactated Ringer solution or lactated Ringer solution with 10% fetal bovine serum to see whether the added serum could help the cells live longer. Cultured cells were exposed to room air for period of time ranging from 0 minute to 35 minutes and viability was determined using the MTT test. Cultured cell death increased with the increase of exposure time to air between 25 and 30 minutes. No live cells existed after 35 minutes exposure. Lactated Ringers solution containing 10% fetal bovine serum did not prolong the survival time of osteoblast-like cells compared with lactated Ringers solution alone. These results suggest that the drying of bone cells that occurs in the operating room, especially after a prolonged reconstructive procedure, may severely damage the cell viability of exposed bone or grafted bone and thereby compromise the fusion rate.
Cell Survival* ; Cells, Cultured ; Operating Rooms ; Skull ; Transplants

The possibility that immediate neurovascular injury will follow fracture of the clavicle has been generally known. A case of delayed involvement of the subclavian vein following a nonunion of clavicular fracture is reported emphasizing the proper reduction and union of the clavicle fracture is essential if delayed neurovascular complication are to be avoided or treated.
Clavicle ; Subclavian Vein ; Thrombosis* ; Veins*