PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of method for prediction of rotationally neutral state of the femur by comparing with contra-lateral lesser trochanter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The rotationally neutral state of the femur was measured by comparing the shape of the opposite side of the lesser trochanter in a normal group of 100 adult. Each examination was performed independently by three observers. The observers predicted a position presumed to be neutral by comparing the shape of lesser trochanter with that of contra-lateral side previously recorded by the C-arm image intensifier. We evaluated the mean angular discrepancy that is different from the neutral point and assessed the inter-observer variations. RESULTS: The mean angular discrepancy (SD) was 3.4 degree(+/-2.4); 3.5 degree(+/-2.4) by observer-1,3.5 degree (+/-2.8) by observer-2, 3.2 degree(+/-2.2) by observer-3. There was no inter-observer variation (p=0.87). 77% of all observers indicated below 4 degree and no one over 15 degree. CONCLUSIONS: The method of comparing the shape of both lesser trochanters is considered to be effective in determining the rotational status of the femur. It could be used as a practical method in the operation of the femoral fracture for prevention of rotational deformity intra-operatively
Adult ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur* ; Humans ; Observer Variation

No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most frequent nosocomial infections and are frequently associated with indwelling urinary catheters. It is known that adherence to standard infection control measures for urinary catheters can reduce UTIs in hospitals. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of education in reducing catheter-related UTIs (CR-UTIs) in intensive care units (ICUs) of a university hospital. METHODS: CR-UTIs were prospectively monitored for all patients with indwelling urinary catheters in ICUs from July 2006 through December 2007. Recommendations based on previously known guidelines for catheter insertion, catheter management, and specimen collection to prevent CR-UTIs were formulated and educated in March 2007. Knowledge and adherence level were evaluated before and after educating healthcare workers about the recommendations using questionnaire. Changes in knowledge and adherence level before and after education were compared by Chi-square test. Changes in the rate of CR-UTIs and urinary catheter utilization ratios were also analyzed by Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: After education, knowledge level of and adherence level to most of the recommendations were improved significantly. The rate of CR-UTIs significantly decreased by 48% from 7.43/1,000 catheter-days before intervention to 3.87/1,000 catheter-days after intervention (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: Surveillance for nosocomial infections and education for standard infection control measures are very important in preventing CR-UTIs in ICUs.
Catheters ; Cross Infection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Prospective Studies ; Specimen Handling ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Gynecology*

OBJECTIVE: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC) is a progressive cardiac muscle disease characterized as progressive fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricle, severe ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden death. However, there is no report of ARVC as a cause of sudden death in Korea. METHODS and RESULTS: Postmortem studies were done to 115 cases of sudden unexplained death at department of legal medicine, school of medicine, Kyungpook national university in year 1999. We identified 7 cases(6%) of typical ARVC with no other identifiable cause of sudden death. The subjects included 5 males and 2 females, ranging in age from 19 to 41 years (mean 29.7 years). All were found dead at bed (5 cases) or workshop (2 cases). Five cases were fibrofatty types and two cases were fatty types. Right ventricular aneurysm, inflammatory infiltrates and left ventricular involvement were found in 4, 2 and 1 cases, repectively. Two cases had family history of sudden death before age 40. No one was suspected of having cardiovascular disease or ARVC before death. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that ARVC in Taegu-Kyungpook area may be more frequent than previously thought. ARVC may be a major cause of sudden unexplained death.
Aneurysm ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Death, Sudden ; Education ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Myocardium

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide, there are growing concerns about patients' mental health. We investigated psychological problems in COVID-19 patients assessed with self-reported questionnaires including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, and Impact of Event ScaleRevised Korean version. Ten patients who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia without complications underwent self-reported questionnaires about 1 month after discharge. Of them, 10% reported depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) while 50% had depression during the treatment. Perceived stigma and history of psychiatric treatment affected PTSD symptom severity, consistent with previous emerging infectious diseases. Survivors also reported that they were concerned about infecting others and being discriminated and that they chose to avoid others after discharge. Further support and strategy to minimize their psychosocial difficulties after discharge should be considered.

A statistical analysis of 92 patients with ureteral stones, who had been treated by conservative treatment was undertaken to elucidate the correlation between size of calculi and the probability of spontaneous passage. The overall rate of spontaneous passage was 69.5%. Average stone size and treatment duration were 4.0, 5.0, 4.2mm and 9.4, 10, 6.3days in order of upper. mid, lower ureter. The rate of spontaneous passage according to stone size was 80% in less than 5mm. 15% in 5-6mm and 5% in 6-7mm. Therefore, when stones are smaller than 5mm in diameter, higher chances of spontaneous passage would be anticipated in 6-7days.
Calculi ; Humans ; Ureter*

No abstract available.
Bacillus anthracis* ; Bacillus* ; Classification*

No abstract available.

No abstract available in English.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar* ; Pathology*