PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of method for prediction of rotationally neutral state of the femur by comparing with contra-lateral lesser trochanter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The rotationally neutral state of the femur was measured by comparing the shape of the opposite side of the lesser trochanter in a normal group of 100 adult. Each examination was performed independently by three observers. The observers predicted a position presumed to be neutral by comparing the shape of lesser trochanter with that of contra-lateral side previously recorded by the C-arm image intensifier. We evaluated the mean angular discrepancy that is different from the neutral point and assessed the inter-observer variations. RESULTS: The mean angular discrepancy (SD) was 3.4 degree(+/-2.4); 3.5 degree(+/-2.4) by observer-1,3.5 degree (+/-2.8) by observer-2, 3.2 degree(+/-2.2) by observer-3. There was no inter-observer variation (p=0.87). 77% of all observers indicated below 4 degree and no one over 15 degree. CONCLUSIONS: The method of comparing the shape of both lesser trochanters is considered to be effective in determining the rotational status of the femur. It could be used as a practical method in the operation of the femoral fracture for prevention of rotational deformity intra-operatively
Adult ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur* ; Humans ; Observer Variation

This study was performed to determine whether the LHbeta -subunit gene missense mutation is present in Korean infertile patients with 46,XX POF women. The variants of LHbeta exon 2 (Trp 8Arg; TGG to CGG and Ile15Thr; ATC ti ACC) were studied in forty-four 46.XX idiopathic POF and 54 nonpregnant women. The LHbeta exon 2 variants were more frequent in POF patients (20.5%) than nonpregnant( 16.7%) women (p>0.05). POF patients with the variant was slightly higher than nonpregnant women with the variant.
Exons ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Mutation, Missense ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*

BACKGROUND: Morphine and fentanyl have potent analgesic effects and these agents are widely used for intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA); however, these drugs have some side effects. The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic effects and side effects of morphine and fentanyl, employing IV-PCA after gastrectomy. METHODS: Fifty patients undergoing gastrectomy were randomized to receive either morphine (M goup, n = 25) or fentanyl (F group, n = 25) via an IV-PCA pump for 48 hours after the end of surgery. The loading dose was administered when a patient first complained of pain, followed by a bolus dose of 2 mg morphine for the M group and 20microg fentanyl for the F group, with a lockout interval of 10 minutes between doses. The VAS pain score, PCA opioid consumption, rescue analgesic requirement, and side effects were assessed at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after the end of surgery. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the VAS pain score, satisfaction score and total and hourly dose for 48 hours. The side effects were similar in both groups except that pruritus and urinary retention were significantly lower in the F group of patients. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that both morphine and fentanyl have good analgesic effects with few side effects in gastrectomy patients, but the fentanyl group of patients experienced less pruritus and urinary retention than the morphine group of patients.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Fentanyl ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Morphine ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Pruritus ; Urinary Retention

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Exons* ; Female ; Humans ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*

In maxillofacial surgery endotracheal tube provides patent airway and prevents patient from aspirating the blood. But serious complications such as tube obstruction or injury have been reported. In this case, endotracheal tube injury by surgical saw during Lefort I osteotomy occurred. We could not exchange the defective tube for a good one using laryngoscope or fiberoptic bronchoscope due to edema and blood in nostril and oral cavity. We didn't have any tube exchanger available too. Therefore, to provide patent and safe airway, we packed gauze around the lacerated part of tube, provided positive end expiratory pressure ventilation and increased oxygen flow. After anesthesia, the damaged tube was safely removed and there were no respiratory complications.
Anesthesia ; Bronchoscopes ; Edema ; Humans ; Laryngoscopes ; Mouth ; Osteotomy* ; Oxygen ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Surgery, Oral ; Ventilation

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus, as a major health problem for the elderly has been shown to alter the properties of the bone and impair bone healing around a titanium implant in both humans and animals. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of adipose-derived stem cells on the healing process around a titanium implant in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen rats were divided into two groups: adipose-derived stem cells injected group and a control group. A titanium screw implant (diameter: 2.0 mm, length: 3.5 mm) was placed into both tibia of 13 rats: 13 right tibia as the control group and 13 left tibia as the experimental group. The rats were sacrificed at different intervals (1, 2, and 4 weeks) after implantation for histopathology observations and immunohistochemistric analysis. RESULTS: The histopathological findings revealed earlier new formed bone in the experimental group than the control group. In particular, at 1 week after implantation, the experimental group showed more newly formed bone and collagen around the implant than the control group. In immunohistochemistric analysis, osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in the experimental group increased early compared to that of the control group until 2 weeks after implantation. However, after 2 weeks, OPG expression in the experimental group was similar to OPG expression in the control group. The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) expression in the experimental group increased early compared to that of the control group, and then decreased at 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, the level of RANKL expression was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that adipose-derived stem cells in implantation can promote bone healing around titanium, particularly in diabetes mellitus induced animals.
Aged ; Animals ; Collagen ; Dental Implants ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Osteoprotegerin ; RANK Ligand ; Rats ; Stem Cells ; Tibia ; Titanium

BACKGROUND: Medical doctors who perform C-arm fluoroscopy-guided procedures are exposed to X-ray radiation. Therefore, radiation-protective shields are recommended to protect these doctors from radiation. For the past several years, these protective shields have sometimes been used without regular inspection. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of damage to radiation-protective shields in the operating room. METHODS: This study investigated 98 radiation-protective shields in the operation rooms of Konkuk University Medical Center and Jeju National University Hospital. We examined whether these shields were damaged or not with the unaided eye and by fluoroscopy. RESULTS: There were seventy-one aprons and twenty-seven thyroid protectors in the two university hospitals. Fourteen aprons (19.7%) were damaged, whereas no thyroid protectors (0%) were. Of the twenty-six aprons, which have been used since 2005, eleven (42.3%) were damaged. Of the ten aprons, which have been used since 2008, none (0%) was damaged. Of the twenty-three aprons that have been used since 2009, two (8.7%) of them were damaged. Of the eight aprons used since 2010, one (12.3%) was damaged. Of the four aprons used since 2011, none (0%) of them were damaged. The most common site of damage to the radiation-protective shields was at the waist of the aprons (51%). CONCLUSIONS: As a result, aprons that have been used for a long period of time can have a higher risk of damage. Radiation-protective shields should be inspected regularly and exchanged for new products for the safety of medical workers.
Academic Medical Centers ; Eye ; Fluoroscopy ; Hospitals, University ; Thyroid Gland

A lipoma is a benign tumor of matured adipose tissue that usually occurs at the shoulder, back, and abdomen. 13% of lipomas occur in the head and neck area. However, the incidence of lipoma in the parotid gland is very low, approximately 2.5%. A conservational surgical excision is recommended in cases of lipoma of the parotid gland, with only 1-2% of lipomas recurring. We report a case of a lipoma in the parotid gland that was removed by conservational surgical excision. The lesion was exposed by the pre-auricular approach and the tissue was detached. After the parotid gland envelop was exposed, a yellowish mass is observed that was easy to remove due to capsulation. Most authors recommend a surgical excision of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland as the treatment for a lipoma in the parotid gland. However, enucleation only may be a sufficient treatment when a lipoma occurs in the superficial lobe or around the parotid gland. A patidectomy is not needed when a lipoma is located at the superficial lobe of the parotid gland, and a conservational surgical excision is suitable. Therefore, a clinical diagnosis is important for reducing the damage to the facial nerve.
Abdomen ; Adipose Tissue ; Head ; Incidence ; Lipoma ; Neck ; Parotid Gland ; Shoulder