1.Determination of methylal in the air of workplace with solvent desorption by gas chromatography.
Jiang-wei YIN ; Wei-yan ZHONG ; Ling-hui LIU
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2013;31(2):140-141
Air
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analysis
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Chromatography, Gas
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methods
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Methyl Ethers
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analysis
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Workplace
3.Investigation on levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in retail fish and egg products in Shenzhen.
Bin LIU ; Li-shi ZHANG ; Jian-qing ZHANG ; You-sheng JIANG ; Jian ZHOU ; Hai-yan HUANG
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2011;45(12):1068-1072
OBJECTIVETo reveal the levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in fish and egg products at retail in Shenzhen, and to evaluate the local people's exposure to PBDEs from these food.
METHODS27 fish and egg samples were collected from supermarket and farmer's market in Shenzhen during August and October in 2008. According to the guideline of USEPA1614 method, the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) technology was used for the extraction of PBDEs from fish and egg samples. After a series of purification processes including treatments of FMS column chromatography, acidic silica gel, silica gel and Al2O3 column, the levels of eight PBDEs congeners in the samples were determined by isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) method.
RESULTSWhen BDE-209 was not taken into account, the median concentrations of ΣPBDEs in fish products was 914.7 pg/g wet weight, among which the datas for fresh water fish and sea fish were 328.2 and 1108.8 pg/g wet weight, respectively, showing a statistical significant difference (P < 0.05). BDE-47 was the predominant congener in fresh water fish and sea fish by a contribution proportion of 61% and 57%, respectively. The median concentrations of ΣPBDEs in egg products were 99.8 pg/g wet weight and the predominant congeners are BDE-47 and BDE-99, with a contribution proportion above 70%. BDE-209 was not detected in fresh water fish and the median concentration in sea fish and egg products are 243.7 and 472.6 pg/g wet weight, respectively, which caused the predominant congener changed to BDE-209 in egg products when BDE-209 was take into account. The median dietary intake of PBDEs from fish and egg products among local residents in Shenzhen was estimated as 102 ng/d.
CONCLUSIONThe level of ΣPBDEs in fish and egg products in Shenzhen is relatively high. The characteristics of PBDEs pollution are quite different between fish and egg products. The level of daily dietary intake of PBDEs from fish and egg products among local residents in Shenzhen is also relatively high.
Eggs ; analysis ; Fish Products ; analysis ; Food Contamination ; analysis ; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers ; analysis
4.Determination of dimethyl ether in workplace air with gas chromatography.
Cheng-ming MENG ; Rui-qin ZHANG ; Wen-hua QIN
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2012;30(2):142-143
OBJECTIVETo develop determination of dimethyl ether in workplace air by GC.
METHODSDimethyl ether were sampled with solvent desorption active carbon tube. The sampled carbon tube were desorbed by carbon tetrachloride, Elite-WAX column was used with temperature programmed from 40 to 90 degrees C, and the carrier gas programmed from 1.4 - 2.5 ml/min.
RESULTSThere was a good linearity (r = 0.9999) over the concentration of 0-63.91 microg/L, detection limit can reach 0.75 microg/ml.
CONCLUSIONThis method proved to be accurate and sensitive, to meet the determination of the dimethyl ether in workplace air.
Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Methyl Ethers ; analysis ; Workplace
7.Assessment of Exposure to Polybrominated Dipheny Ethers via Inhalation and Diet in China.
Li CHEN ; Dan CAO ; Lu Xi LI ; Yan ZHAO ; Chang Ming XIE ; Yun Hui ZHANG
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014;27(11):872-882
OBJECTIVEThis paper is to assess the current status of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) contamination in the environment in China and estimate the exposure to PBDEs in non-occupational populations.
METHODSA total of 80 research papers published from January 2001 to October 2013 were selected. Geographic information system (GIS) was used in mapping PBDE concentrations and distributions in environmental media. Ni's model was applied to calculate ∑PBDE-intake via the intakes of contaminated food, water and air in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta.
RESULTSBDE-209 was found to be the major PBDE congener in the environmental media and food in China. PBDE concentrations varied among different areas, among which the contamination in Guangdong Province was most serious. Daily intake of ∑PBDEs was 225.1-446.0 ng/d for adults in the Pearl River Delta, which was higher than the intake for those living in the Yangtze River Delta (148.9-369.8 ng/d).
CONCLUSIONAtorvastatin can attenuate LPS-induced TNF-α expression and production by activating HO-1 via the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways, suggesting that atorvastatin can be used in treatment of inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, especially in those with atherosclerotic diseases.
China ; Diet ; Environmental Pollutants ; analysis ; Food Contamination ; analysis ; Geographic Information Systems ; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers ; analysis ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; analysis
8.Correlation analysis between prenatal exposure of per-/polyfluoroalkyl compounds and neonatal outcome.
Chen Ye XU ; Wei Tong LI ; Yong Hong TIAN
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023;57(3):362-370
Objective: To investigate the correlation between the prenatal exposure of per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and the neonatal outcome. Methods: A total of 506 maternal infant cohort samples were collected in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province from 2020 to 2021. The exposure levels of seven PFASs in maternal serum before delivery were detected by solid-phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression model was used to analyze the influence of prenatal exposure of PFASs on birth weight, birth length and Apgar score. Results: The maternal age, prenatal body mass index and gestation age were (31.3±4.3) years old, (26.7±3.2) kg/m2 and (265.0±28.3) days, respectively. The birth weight, birth length and scores of Apgar-1 and Apgar-5 were (3.1±0.8) kg, (49.3±2.9) cm, (9.88±0.47) points and (9.99±0.13) points, respectively. PFASs were widely distributed in maternal serum, with the highest concentration of (18.453±19.557) ng/ml, (6.756±9.379) ng/ml and (5.057±8.555) ng/ml for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and 6∶2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (Cl-PFESA), respectively. Maternal age, parity and delivery mode were associated with the exposure level of PFASs (P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that PFOS had negative effects on birth weight (β=-0.958), birth length (β=-0.073) and Apgar-5 score (β=-0.288) for neonates in the low birth weight (LBW) group. 6∶2 Cl-PFESA and 8∶2 Cl-PFESA inhibited the birth weight (β=-0.926; β=-0.552) and length (β=-0.074; β=-0.045) of newborn in the LBW group. In addition, 4∶2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (FTS) was associated with increased birth weight (β=0.111) and decreased Apgar-5 score (β=-0.030) in the normal weight group. Conclusion: Prenatal exposure to PFASs is associated with birth weight, birth length and Apgar-5 score. It is necessary to continue to pay attention to the impact of PFASs on fetal growth and development through maternal-fetal transmission.
Pregnancy
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Infant, Newborn
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Female
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Humans
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Adult
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Birth Weight
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Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
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Alkanesulfonic Acids/analysis*
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Alkanesulfonates/analysis*
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Fluorocarbons/analysis*
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Ethers/analysis*
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Ethyl Ethers/analysis*
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Environmental Pollutants/analysis*
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Maternal Exposure
9.Study on occupational exposure limit of dimethoxymethane in workplace air.
Hao CHEN ; Lin LIN ; Mao-tang ZHANG ; Qu LIU ; Gang LI ; Bi-kun YU ; Li CUI
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2013;31(10):787-791
OBJECTIVETo study the occupational exposure limit of dimethoxymethane (DMM) in workplace air.
METHODSLiterature research was conducted on DMM; information on its physicochemical properties, toxicology, and occupational epidemiology was collected. Upon analyzing these data, an occupational exposure limit of DMM in workplace air was proposed according to the guidelines and principles of developing occupational exposure limits for harmful factors in workplaces.
RESULTSA total of 165 air samples were collected from DMM manufacturers, 14 of which had a DMM concentration over 3000 mg/m(3), accounting for 8.48% of all samples. Compared with the control group, the exposed employees had a significantly increased incidence of discomfort symptoms when exposed to more than 6000 mg/m(3) DMN (P < 0.01).No significant differences in the constituent ratios of abnormal results in physical examinations were found between the exposure groups and control group (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONWe recommend to set the permissible concentration-time weighed average to 3100 mg/m(3) as the occupational exposure limit of DMM in workplace air in China. This occupational exposure limit standard meets the relevant requirements of toxicology and occupational epidemiology, as well as fits well with our country's current economical and technological levels. This standard has high applicability in China's domestic settings.
Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; China ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; Methyl Ethers ; analysis ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Threshold Limit Values ; Workplace
10.Effects of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on the Human Body Exposure in E-Waste Dismantling Region.
Yan ZHOU ; Shao Min LÜ ; Jian Peng XIAO ; Tao LIU ; Wen Jun MA ; Ling Chuan GUO
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2020;36(4):453-460
Objective To discuss the effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure in e-waste dismantling region on the human body and provide data support for the identification of environmental health damage to residents in the e-waste dismantling region. Methods Adults in an e-waste dismantling region (exposed group, 54 participants) and a control region (control group, 58 participants) were selected, questionnaires were carried out and blood and urine samples were collected. Blood PBDEs, blood lipids, blood routine, blood lead, urine cadmium, urine chromium and urine nickel were detected. T-test was utilized to compare the differences of PBDEs between the two groups. Multivariate analysis were utilized to compare the differences between the two groups in blood routine indexes. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between PBDEs and blood routine. Results Exposure levels of PBDEs were significantly higher in the exposed group (240.00 ng/g, adjusted mass fraction of blood lipids, thereafter) than in the control group (93.00 ng/g, P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the differences in most blood routine indexes of the two groups ( P>0.05), and their reference values were all within normal ranges. Mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, basophils percentage, absolute value of basophils, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were higher in the exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05). Platelet distribution widths were lower in the exposed group than in the control group and below the normal reference range (P<0.05). Conclusion PBDEs exposure in e-waste dismantling region tend to change platelet morphology, the number of basophils, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and may pose potential health hazards to local residents.
Adult
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China
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Electronic Waste/analysis*
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Environmental Monitoring
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Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/toxicity*
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Human Body
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Humans