OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to find out the genes which are related to ovarian cancer cell growth using large circular antisense library. METHODS: Clones for antisense library were uni-directionally sub-cloned into pBS SK (-) vector. LC-antisense molecules were then purified from the culture supernatants of the bacterial competent cells superinfected with M13K07 helper bacteriophages. The LC-antisense library to 240 unigene clone was constructed and utilized in the identification of genes functionally involved in the growth of ovarian cancer cells. RESULTS: The 17 numbers out of the 240 numbers of the antisense library exerted a marked inhibitory effect on the growth of SK-OV 3. CONCLUSION: The putative functional categorization of each gene was then conducted via public databases. These candidates may be used as target genes for drug development or adjuvant of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
Bacteriophages ; Clone Cells ; Estrone ; Gene Targeting ; Genetic Therapy ; Ovarian Neoplasms

OBJECTIVES: To determine the baseline serum concentrations of estradiol and estrone in postmenopausal Korean women and the serum concentrations of estradiol and estrone after 4 and 16 weeks of treatment using 1 mg of estradiol and 2 mg of drospirenone. METHODS: This was a multicenter study. Thirty-six subjects were screened. Serum estradiol, estrone and drospirenone levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The mean estradiol concentration was 8.37 +/- 12.1 pg/mL at baseline and increased to 53.7 +/- 52.1 and 41.4 +/- 26.1 pg/mL after 4 and 16 weeks of treatment, respectively. The mean estrone concentrations were 28.7 +/- 26.8, 266.1 +/- 182.9, and 256.1 +/- 179.1 pg/mL at baseline, and after 4 and 16 weeks of treatment, respectively. When women were stratified according to the basal estradiol level, the level after 4 weeks of treatment was significantly higher in the women with a detectable level (> or = 5 pg/mL) than in women with an undetectable level (< 5 pg/mL; 65.2 +/- 21.5 vs. 37.4 +/- 25.8 pg/mL, P = 0.008). After 16 weeks of treatment, the estradiol level was still higher in the detectable group (51.6 +/- 28.6 vs. 38.7 +/- 21.7 pg/mL, P = 0.09). CONCLUSION: This study showed that 1 mg of estradiol and 2 mg of drospirenone is an appropriate regimen to achieve the desired serum estradiol level. The difference in serum hormonal levels after 4 weeks of treatment could be caused by different basal levels.
Administration, Oral ; Androstenes ; Estradiol ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Estrone ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Postmenopause

The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one of the most important edible mushrooms worldwide. The mechanism of P. ostreatus fruiting body development has been of interest both for the basic understanding of the phenotypic change of the mycelium-fruiting body and to improve breeding of the mushrooms. Based on our previous publication of P. ostreatus expressed sequence tag database, 1,528 unigene clones were used in macroarray analysis of mycelium, fruiting body and basidiospore developmental stages of P. ostreatus. Gene expression profile databases generated by evaluating expression levels showed that 33, 10, and 94 genes were abundantly expressed in mycelium, fruiting body and basidiospore developmental stages, respectively. Among them, the genes specifically expressed in the fruiting body stage were further analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot to investigate temporal and spatial expression patterns. These results provide useful information for future studies of edible mushroom development.
Agaricales ; Blotting, Northern ; Breeding ; Clone Cells ; Estrone ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Fruit ; Mycelium ; Pleurotus ; Publications ; Transcriptome

Simple benign tumors can present as part of a syndrome with substantial mortality. Fibrofolliculomas are benign skin tumors most often associated with the Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHDS). The most life-threatening complication of this syndrome is renal cancer and other major features include multiple lung cysts and spontaneous pneumothorax. We present the case of a 54 year-old man with multiple flesh-colored papules on his face confirmed histologically as fibrofolliculomas. He had a history of recurrent pneumothorax and chest computed tomography showed multiple lung cysts. To confirm the diagnosis of BHDS, we conducted gene analysis that revealed a single nucleotide duplication in the folliculin (FLCN) gene (Exon 11, C.1285dupC). BHDS confirmed by the FLCN gene mutation is rarely reported in Korea. Appropriate investigation is recommended whenever a patient with benign skin tumors is encountered.
Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome ; Estrone ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Korea ; Lung ; Pneumothorax ; Skin ; Thorax

Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHDS) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder characterized by multiple trichodiscomas, fibrofolliculomas, and acrocordons. There is also an increased risk of developing renal neoplasms and lung cysts/spontaneous pneumothorax. We present a 43-year-old man with multiple, 2~4 mm sized, dome-shaped, and skin-colored papules on his cheek and neck. On the basis of clinical finding and histopathologic examination on the cheek lesion, it was diagnosed as multiple trichodiscomas. Subsequently, molecular analysis revealed a mutation in the folliculin gene. We report a rare case of BHDS with a proved gene mutation.
Adult ; Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome ; Cheek ; Estrone ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Lung ; Neck ; Pneumothorax

Animals ; Antibodies ; Estrone ; chemistry ; immunology ; Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Rabbits ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated species of edible mushroom. Despite its economic importance, relatively little is known about the genetic diversity of this species. Illumina paired-end sequencing produced 43,871,558 clean reads and 69,174 contigs were generated from five offspring. These contigs were subsequently assembled into 57,594 unigenes. The unigenes were annotated with reference genome in which 6,559 unigenes were associated with clusters, indicating orthologous genes. Gene ontology classification assigned many unigenes. Based on genome data of the five offspring, 44 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed. The major allele frequency ranged from 0.42 to 0.92. The number of genotypes and the number of alleles ranged from 1 to 4, and from 2 to 4, respectively. The observed heterozygosity and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.00 to 1.00, and from 0.15 to 0.64, respectively. The polymorphic information content value ranged from 0.14 to 0.57. The genetic distances and UPGMA clustering discriminated offspring strains. The SSR markers developed in this study can be applied in polymorphism analyses of button mushroom and for cultivar discrimination.
Agaricales* ; Alleles ; Classification ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Estrone ; Gene Frequency ; Gene Ontology ; Genetic Variation ; Genome ; Genotype ; Microsatellite Repeats*

Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disease caused by germline folliculin (FLCN) mutations, characterized by fibrofolliculoma or trichodiscoma, renal tumors, and multiple lung cysts with or without spontaneous pneumothorax. Here, we report two cases of BHD syndrome that presented with bilateral pulmonary cysts. One patient was a 39-year-old woman who had a history of pneumothorax, multiple papules on her cheeks, and a family history of the same skin lesions and renal cell carcinoma in her father. BHD syndrome was confirmed by molecular tests that revealed a missense mutation in FLCN gene (exon 4, c.31T > C). The other patient was a 56-year-old man who showed FCLN gene polymorphism and typical radiopathological features of multiple cysts in the lung, but apparently no other manifestation.
Adult ; Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cheek ; Estrone ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Mutation, Missense ; Pneumothorax ; Skin

Women with Polycystic ovaries(PCO) are often overweight and obesity has been regarded as a possible basis for the development of PCO. This study was designed to evaluate the differences of the basic hormonal concentrations and sonographic features in obese and non-obese patients with PCO. We prospectively analysed eighty-six patiens with PCO on transvaginal sonography and twelve control women with regular menstrual cycle and ovarian morphology from Feb. 1994 to May 1996. Eighty-six women with PCO, of whom sixty-seven women were non -obese with body mass index(BMI) of < or =25(=group 1) and nineteen were obese with BMI >25(=group 2). Sonographic morphology of ovary was evaluated in PCO. Basal concent- rations of LH, FSH, estrone, estradiol, testosterone(T), prolactin, TSH and sex hormone- binding globulin(SHBG) in serum were measured. Although sonographic morphology of ovary was not significantly different between group 1 and group 2, number of small follicles was tend to increase in group 2. The LH/ FSH ratio was significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2, but SHBG was higher in group 2. Conclusively, in obese women, obesity causes an increase in free androgen through the decrease in SHBG, which might cause a disturbance in gonadotropin secretion leading to the typical changes of polycystic ovary. In non-obese women, relative increase of LH/FSH ratio stimulates excessive production of androgen.
Body Mass Index* ; Estradiol ; Estrone ; Female ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle ; Obesity ; Ovary* ; Overweight ; Prolactin ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography*

Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder characterized by 3 clinical manifestations, including skin fibrofolliculomas, multiple pulmonary cysts with or without spontaneous pneumothorax, and spontaneous renal tumor. A 60-year-old Korean male who had suffered from bronchial asthma incidentally diagnosed with multiple pulmonary cysts by computed tomography during a regular follow-up. Genetic studies revealed folliculin gene mutation that was a confirmative finding of BHD syndrome. Although this case showed no cutaneous manifestations or renal abnormality, genetic studies of his family and regular follow-up are recommended.
Asthma* ; Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome* ; Estrone ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumothorax ; Skin