1.Recent trends of study on esophageal variceal bleeding.
Liu-fang CHENG ; Chang-zheng LI
Chinese Medical Journal 2010;123(18):2499-2501
2.A Case of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis Accompanied by Both Esophageal and Gastric Varices.
Dong Hoon PARK ; Jae Woo KIM ; Kyu Hong KIM ; Hye Jung KIM ; Myeong Gwan JEE ; Yong Soon PARK ; Soon Koo BAIK ; Hyun Soo KIM ; Sang Ok KWON
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2006;48(1):51-54
Malnutrition in patients with liver disease is common. Consequently, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy may be needed for the correction of malnutrition. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is rarely performed in patients with liver cirrhosis because of the presence of varices and coagulation abnormalities. However, if careful insertion technique along with thorough clinical assessment is undertaken, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy may be successfully performed in patients with liver cirrhosis. Here, we report successful application of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in a patient with liver cirrhosis accompanied by both gastric and esophageal varices.
Aged
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*Endoscopy
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*Enteral Nutrition
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Esophageal and Gastric Varices/*complications
;
Gastrostomy/*methods
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Humans
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Liver Cirrhosis/complications/*therapy
;
Male
6.Endoscope therapy of bleeding in portal hypertension.
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2008;46(22):1696-1698
8.The Clinical Usefulness of Balloon Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration in Gastric Variceal Bleeding.
Eun Soo KIM ; Soo Young PARK ; Ki Tae KWON ; Dong Seok LEE ; Min Jae PARK ; In Kwon CHUNG ; Jin Hyung PARK ; Chang Min CHO ; Won Young TAK ; Young Oh KWEON ; Sung Kook KIM ; Yong Whan CHOI ; Chang Kyu SEONG
The Korean Journal of Hepatology 2003;9(4):315-323
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastric variceal bleeding is difficult to treat endoscopically because the hemodynamics of the gastric varix are different from that of the esophageal varix. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which has been used widely, does not always result in the regression of gastric varix and it may aggravate the hepatic encephalopathy. Balloon occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) was introduced as a new procedure for gastric variceal bleeding with minimal invasiveness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects and complications on follow-up of BRTO as a new treatment option for gastric variceal bleeding. METHODS: Patients with gastric variceal bleeding, who were treated with BRTO form September, 2001 to April, 2003, were included in the study. After the definite confirmation of the shunts with abdominal CT, the sclerosing agent, 5% ethanolamine oleate, was injected into the gastric varix during occlusion through gastrorenal shunts. The procedurre was deemed a technical success when the clotting of the sclerosing agent was observed without leakage, and a clinical success when bleeding stopped and the varix decreased in size or was eradicated during the follow-up period (6-23 months, mean: 17.7). RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in 12 of 13 patients (92%) with gastric variceal bleeding. There were no significant side effects. In the one case of failure, the bleeding was controlled with TIPS. Eleven of the 12 patients who had technical success were shown to be clinically successful. The follow-up endoscopic exam showed some aggravation of pre-existing esophageal varices in four patients and a new development of esophageal varices in two patients. Endoscopic variceal ligation was done on one patient in whom esophageal variceal bleeding was present during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: BRTO was proven to be a feasible, safe and less invasive procedure than TIPS and found to be an effective treatment of a gastric variceal bleeding. Considering the possible aggravation of pre-existing esophageal varices or the new development of esophageal varices, regular endoscopic examinations might be needed during the follow-up period.
Adult
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Aged
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*Balloon Occlusion
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English Abstract
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Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications/*therapy
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Female
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Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology/*therapy
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Humans
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Male
;
Middle Aged
9.Enhanced nutritional therapy may promote wound healing after endoscopic therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices.
Chang-zheng LI ; Qing-shan LI ; Xue LI ; Jun-hong YAN ; Rui-ling WANG ; Ren-xiu JIANG
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2013;21(10):739-742
OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of enhanced nutritional therapy on wound healing after endoscopic therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices.
METHODSFifty patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices were randomly divided into an enhanced nutritional therapy group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). The enhanced nutritional therapy group received one week of enhanced nutritional supplementation, including liver nutritional elements, prior to routine endoscopic therapy. The routine without any change to their diet. The rate of transformation and status of wound healing of esophageal varices were compared between the two groups.
RESULTSThe ratio of ulcers occurring at the injection site was lower in the enhanced nutrition group than in the control group (16/25 vs. 23/25; x2 = 5.711, P = 0.017). The enhanced nutrition group had only one case of minimal bleeding occurring during endoscopy as compared to the seven cases of bleeding in the control group (x2 = 5.357, P = 0.021). On average, the enhanced nutrition group required less sessions of endoscopic treatment to achieve eradication of esophageal varices than the control group (3.8 vs. 4.1; t = 2.069, P = 0.044).
CONCLUSIONPre-endoscopic enhanced nutritional therapy may benefit patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices by promoting recovery of procedure-related local tissue injury and occlusion of varices.
Adult ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutritional Support ; Wound Healing
10.Chinese expert surgical procedure consensus on open pericardial devascularization(2021).
Chinese Journal of Surgery 2022;60(5):424-431
Although the treatment strategy of esophageal and gastric varices bleeding in portal hypertension has been diversified and multidisciplinary now,the surgical treatment represented by pericardial devascularization operation will still play an important and irreplaceable role in China. In order to standardize the surgical procedure,guide clinical practice and improve the level of surgical treatment of portal hypertension,Chinese Society of Spleen and Portal Hypertension Surgery,Chinese Surgical Society,Chinese Medical Association organized Chinese experts to formulate this consensus. The main contents include:the position of surgical treatment,surgical indications and contraindications,preoperative evaluation,key points and precautions of surgical procedure,perioperative treatment,prevention and treatment of postoperative complications. The consensus emphasizes the standardization of surgical treatment of portal hypertension,pay attention to the prevention and treatment of postoperative portal vein thrombosis,and expect to provide surgeons with clinical guidance.
Consensus
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Esophageal and Gastric Varices
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Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology*
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Humans
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Hypertension, Portal/surgery*
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Liver Cirrhosis/complications*
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Retrospective Studies
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Splenectomy/adverse effects*