Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common aggressive malignant tumors in the digestive system with a severe epidemiological situation and poor prognosis. The early diagnostic rate of EC is low, and most EC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Multiple multimodality treatments have gradually evolved into the main treatment for advanced EC, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. And the emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has greatly improved the survival of EC patients. This review highlights the latest advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for EC, discusses the efficacy and safety of relevant drugs, summarizes related important clinical trials, and tries to provide references for therapeutic strategy of EC.
Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology*

Primary intestinal T-cell lymphoma is a rare disease entity, which is approximately 10% to 25% of intestinal lymphomas, and most of the lymphomas occur in the small intestine. We report here a case of a 56-year-old woman who has been suffering from chronic diarrhea and weight loss for 6 months. Abdominal CT scan and small bowel series showed diffuse wall thickening of the small bowel. Gastroscopic examination showed diffuse erythematous lesions on the esophagus and small gastric ulcerations on the antrum of the stomach, and colonoscopic examination also showed multiple punched-out ulcerations and erosions on the entire colon, including the sigmoid colon to the terminal ileum. Diffuse infiltration of CD 3 positive lymphoma cells was found on biopsy. The patient was diagnosed as primary intestinal T-cell lymphoma with diffuse involvement of the entire gastrointestinal tracts from the esophagus to the rectum. Although the patient received systemic combination chemotherapy and achieved partial response initially, the lymphoma relapsed repeatedly.
Case Report ; Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology ; Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/therapy* ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Human ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/therapy* ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/diagnosis ; Middle Age

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of patients with cardiac metastases from digestive system tumors. Methods: This retrospective study collected and analyzed the medical records of patients with cardiac metastases from digestive system tumors who received treatments in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 1999 and January 2021. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results: A total of 19 patients were identified. The primary tumors were esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (n=7), gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (n=6), hepatobiliary cancers (n=3) and colorectal cancers (n=3). 16 patients had pericardial metastases, 2 patients had right atrium metastases, and 1 patient had left ventricle metastasis. The most common symptom was dyspnea, which was present in 8 cases. 7 patients received locoregional treatment, while 11 patients underwent systemic therapies. The median overall survival from diagnosis of primary cancer was 31.4 months, and the median overall survival time from diagnosis of cardiac metastasis was 4.7 months. Conclusion: Cardiac metastasis from digestive system tumors is associated with low incidence and a poor prognosis. Systemic treatment remains the cornerstone of management, while novel anti-tumor drugs may improve therapeutic efficacy.
Humans ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ; Digestive System Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms

Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Hemangiosarcoma ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Esophageal cancer (EC) has a high incidence and poor prognosis. The two major histological types, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, differ in their epidemiology and treatment options. Patients with locally advanced EC benefit from multimodal therapy concepts including neoadjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and perioperative chemotherapy. Currently, immunotherapy for the solid tumor is a hot spot. Treatment with adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the first immunotherapy for resectable EC listed in the latest National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines for the Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers. Recent clinical trials have established ICIs for three treatment models of resectable EC. Their short-term results demonstrated ideal efficacy and tolerable toxicity, though some concerns remain. This review summarizes the novel data on the ICIs for resectable EC and lists the registered related clinical trials. Hopefully, this review can provide a reference for ongoing research on the treatment options for resectable EC.
Humans ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Esophagogastric Junction/pathology* ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods* ; Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy* ; Immunotherapy

Recent advances in multimodality treatment offer excellent opportunities to rethink the paradigm of perioperative management for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. One treatment clearly doesn't fit all in terms of a broad disease spectrum. Individualized treatment of local control of bulky primary tumor burden (advanced T stage) or systemic control of nodal metastatic tumor burden (advanced N stage) is essential. Given that clinically applicable predictive biomarkers are still awaited, therapy selection guided by diverse phenotypes of tumor burden (T vs. N) is promising. Potential challenges regarding the use of immunotherapy may also boost this novel strategy in the future.
Humans ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/surgery* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Immunotherapy

Barrett's esophagus is now clearly recognized as a preneoplasic condition. Progression of metaplasia through dysplasia to adenocarcinoma is a widely accepted theory for esophageal carcinogenesis. That high grade dysplasia is frequently found in association with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Long-term endoscopic surveillance of high grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus facilitates detection and treatment of esophageal cancers in the early stage.
Barrett Esophagus ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Esophagoscopy ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; diagnosis

No abstract availble.
Esophageal Neoplasms/complications/pathology/*radiography ; Esophageal Perforation/etiology/*radiography/therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) has been increasing in recent years and has become a major health problem worldwide. The completed phase III clinical trials have revealed that perioperative chemotherapy and radiochemotherapy can significantly improve prognosis and reduce local recurrence in patients with locally advanced AEG. The sudden emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy based on chemotherapy has showed a broad prospect. The location and gross type of tumors can provide valuable information for clinical decision making. Siewert classification is widely used in the world, which is helpful to the choice of the best surgical method. Partial gastrectomy and subtotal esophagectomy with thorough mediastinal lymph node dissection via right thorax approach and total gastrectomy with abdominal lymph node dissection are suitable for Siewert types I and III respectively. There is no consensus on the scope of lymph node dissection in Siewert type II procedure and further research is needed. In addition, regarding the rule of abdominal aortic lymph node metastasis and whether it is necessary to clean the para-aortic lymph nodes in patients with AEG, further research is still required.
Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Esophagectomy ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

No abstract available.
*Antineoplastic Protocols ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*pathology/*therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*pathology/*therapy ; *Esophagoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Postoperative Care