No abstract available.
Esophageal Motility Disorders*

No abstract available.
Endoscopy* ; Esophageal Motility Disorders*

No abstract available.
Esophageal Motility Disorders* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux*

For several decades esophageal manometry has been the test of choice to evaluate disorders of esophageal motor function. The recent introduction of high-resolution manometry for the study of esophageal motor function simplified performance of esophageal manometry, and revealed previously unidentified patterns of normal and abnormal esophageal motor function. Presentation of pressure data as color contour plots or esophageal pressure topography led to the development of new tools for analyzing and classifying esophageal motor patterns. The current standard and still developing approach to do this is the Chicago classification. While this methodical approach is improving our diagnosis of esophageal motor disorders, it currently does not address all motor abnormalities. We will explore the Chicago classification and disorders that it does not address.
Chicago ; Esophageal Motility Disorders ; Esophagus ; Manometry

Esophageal bezoars are rare, but are recognized as a distinct clinical entity. They are known to occur in patients with esophageal structural and functional abnormalities, but only a few cases of the development of esophageal bezoars in patients with esophageal motility disorders have only been described. We report a rare case of an esophageal bezoar that developed in a patient with achalasia, and review the literature concerning esophageal bezoars associated with esophageal motility disorders.
Bezoars ; Esophageal Achalasia ; Esophageal Motility Disorders ; Esophagus ; Humans

Esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) is replacing conventional manometry in the clinical evaluation of patients with esophageal symptoms, especially dysphagia. The introduction of HRM gave rise to new objective metrics and recognizable patterns of esophageal motor function, requiring a new classification scheme: the Chicago classification. HRM measurements are more detailed and more easily performed compared to conventional manometry. The visual presentation of acquired data improved the analysis and interpretation of esophageal motor function. This led to a more sensitive, accurate, and objective analysis of esophageal motility. In this review we discuss how HRM changed the way we define and categorize esophageal motility disorders. Moreover, we discuss the clinical applications of HRM for each esophageal motility disorder separately.
Classification ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis* ; Esophageal Achalasia ; Esophageal Motility Disorders* ; Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse ; Humans ; Manometry*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder. Recently, a novel endoscopic technique, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), was introduced as an alternative treatment for achalasia. We report the results and short term outcomes of POEM for patients with achalasia. METHODS: POEM was performed in 13 patients with achalasia. The procedure consisted of creating a submucosal tunnel followed by endoscopic myotomy of circular muscle bundles. The mucosal entry was closed by conventional hemostatic clips. A validated clinical symptom score (Eckardt score) and high resolution manometry were used to evaluate the outcomes. RESULTS: Both the clinical score of achalasia, as well as the resting lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, were significantly reduced after POEM. Mean posttreatment Eckardt score was 0.4+/-0.7, compared to 6.4+/-1.9 prior to the treatment (p=0.001). The mean pretreatment and posttreatment LES pressure was 30.3 and 15.3 mm Hg, respectively (p=0.007). Following POEM, symptomatic relief from dysphagia without reflux symptoms was observed in all patients (13/13). No serious complications related to POEM were encountered. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon our initial experience, the authors believe that POEM is a feasible, safe, and effective treatment and may possibly substitute established treatments of refractory achalasia.
Deglutition Disorders ; Esophageal Achalasia ; Esophageal Motility Disorders ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Humans ; Manometry ; Muscles

No abstract available.
Aniridia ; Cerebellar Ataxia ; Esophageal Motility Disorders* ; Intellectual Disability

With the development of optics and mechanics, endoscopic technologies are not only used as a simple diagnostic method, but also applied in therapy. Since the beginning of the 21st century, minimally invasive medicine has become the development trend. Many novel technologies have appeared, such as endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and peroral endoscopic myotomy. Esophageal motility disorders are common diseases in clinic, which seriously affect the quality of life. Although esophageal manometry is the golden diagnostic standard, endoscopy also plays an important role in diagnosis. There are many therapeutic methods in achalasia and gastroesophageal reflux diseases with good efficacy, while the therapy in other esophageal motility disorders remains in dispute. According to the domestic and foreign research progressions, we introduce the role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of esophageal motility disorders.
Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Esophageal Motility Disorders ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans

Timed barium esophagogram (TBE) is a simple and objective method for assessing the esophageal emptying. The technique of TBE is similar to usual barium swallow with some modifications, which include taking multiple sequential films at pre-decided time interval after a single swallow of a fixed volume of a specific density barium solution. While many authors have used height and width of the barium column to assess the esophageal emptying, others have used the area of the barium column. TBE is being used in patients with suspected or confirmed achalasia and to follow-up those who have been treated with pneumatic dilation or myotomy. This review discusses technique of performing TBE, interpretation and its utility in clinical practice.
Barium ; Esophageal Achalasia ; Esophageal Motility Disorders ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Esophagus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans