Attention has been paid to the thiocarbanilide derivative and the authors synthesized some new compounds of thiocarbanilides for experimental studies on tuberculosis and leprosy. The series of newly synthesized chemical compounds of thiocarbanilides were studied for comparision with the already known antimycobacterial agents; INH, PAS, Streptomycin and D. D. S. The strains of Mycobacterium tubercubsis (H37 Rv, Ravenel, and B. C. G.) and Mycobacterium phlei were used for the in vitro experiments. In the in vivo experiments, the strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (Ravenel) was employed. The strain of Mycobacterium leprae murium (Hawaiian strain) was used for the murine leprosy experiments. The experimental animals for the in vivo tests were white mice (CFW strain) and these were extensively employed in tuberculosis and leprosy as well. Sixteen cases of Various types of human leprosy, were treated with one of the newly synthesized thiocarbanilides (L-4). Among the newly synthesized chemical compounds of thiocarbanilides studied for their antituberculous and antimurine leprosy activity in vitro and in vivo experiments, two compounds were shown to be suppressive agents for those infections without significant toxicity. These two compounds were named tentatively as L-1 and L-4. 1) LD50 of L-1 was 1,054 mg/kg and that of L-4 was 1,028 mg/kg, while the LD50 of INH was 650 mg/kg and PAS was 4,000mg/kg orally in the experimental animals. 2) L-1 and L-4 showed remarkable suppressive activity in vitro using solid media with 100r/ml. concentration. These data were parallel to 1r/ml. of INH and 50r/ml. of PAS. The inferiority of L-1 and L-4 to INH and PAS in vitro studies might have been due to the water insolubility of these compounds while INH and PAS were readily soluble in water. 3) In vivo experiments with L-1 showed a much-more superior antituberculous effect than was found with INH and PAS. 4) A method of grading the bacterial count in a homogenized tissue suspension of visceral organs (lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys) using the simple technique of the Gaffky scale was accurate and time saving technique in screening the results of the chemotherapeutic agents in tuberculosis. 5) Among the newly synthesized compounds L-4 showed the most remarkable suppressive effect on murine leprosy. The suppressive results were similar to those of INH. 6) The method of measuring the size and the weight of leproma at the inoculated site was simple and is an adequate screening test for chemotherapeutic effect in murine leprosy. 7) In the trials with human leprosy 16 cases of various types, using L-4, the effectiveness in clinical as well as in bacteriological improvement was remarkable. a) After L-4 treatment decrease in bactriologica1 indices and remarkable clinical improvement after a relative1y short period of treatment were observed. b) L-4, up to the maximum daily dose of 500 mg, can be safely administered orally to the patients without any significant side reactions. c) L-4 could be used with remarkable clinical improvement for the patients in lepra reactions.
Adult ; Animals ; Comparative Study ; Erythema Nodosum/drug therapy ; Female ; Human ; Leprosy/*drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Thiourea/*therapeutic use

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogenous group of stem cell disorders usually characterized by progressive refractory cytopenias, which could progress to acute myeloid leukemia. MDS may be associated with a wide spectrum of skin lesions, including neoplastic cell infiltration, Sweet's syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema elevatum diutinum, vasculitis, and panniculitis. However, erythema nodosum is rarely associated with MDS. Unusual rheumatologic manifestations in patients with MDS also have been reported, which range from asymptomatic serological abnormalities to classic connective tissue disorders such as Sjogren's syndrome, relapsing polychondritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and mixed connective tissue disease. However, concurrent erythema nodosum and serositis has rarely been reported. We describe a case of MDS with erythema nodosum and immune-mediated pericardial effusion in a 34-year-old woman.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Erythema Nodosum/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy ; Prednisone/therapeutic use ; Serositis/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Erythema nodosum is the most common form of septal panniculitis and the most frequent skin manifestation associated with inflammatory bowel disease, affecting up to 15% of Crohn's disease patients. Since the development of erythema nodosum is closely related with a variety of disorders and condition, it can serve as an important early sign of systemic disease. Here, we present the occurrence of erythema nodosum as an early sign of Cronh's disease in a 16-year-old woman.
Adolescent ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; Azathioprine/therapeutic use ; Colonoscopy ; Crohn Disease/complications/*diagnosis/drug therapy ; Erythema Nodosum/complications/*diagnosis/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mesalamine/therapeutic use ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use ; Skin/pathology