Objective:To explore the factors affecting the compliance with hormone replacement therapy in children with short stature.Methods:Totally 14 parents of 14 children with short stature who had poor compliance with hormone replacement therapy in the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from August to December 2018 were selected by purposive sampling and received semi-structured interview. Colaizzi's 7-step analysis was used to analyze the data.Results:The factors affecting children's compliance with hormone replacement therapy were summarized into 4 themes, namely, parents' failure to cope with the disease, the psychological and physical problems of the children, the excessive financial burden, and the lack of humanistic care.Conclusions:The compliance with hormone replacement therapy in children with short stature is affected by many factors such as their own and social factors. Medical and nursing staff should pay special attention and provide personalized continuous care, and pay attention to humanistic care to improve their treatment compliance and achieve ideal treatment effects.