BACKGROUNDProstate cancer is the most frequent malignancy among men nowadays.METHODSImmunohistochemical expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was retrospectively investigated in 10 patients admitted with clinical suspicion of the prostate cancer. Slides were collected from archived biopsiesandthey were stained for PSA.The final reaction product was evaluated as negative (0), weak/moderate positive (1), and intense positive (2).RESULTSGlandular prostate carcinoma was found in 40% (n=4) and undifferentiated carcinoma in 60% (n=6). The immunoreaction for PSA was intense positive in 30% (n=3), weak/moderate positive in 50% (n=5) and negative in 20% (n=2) of total cases.CONCLUSIONSWe concludethat PSA immunoreaction is helpful for the differential diagnosis based on our results.

Glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in humans, affecting 400 million people worldwide and a high prevalence in persons of African, Middle Asian countries. The most common clinical manifestations are neonatal jaundice and acute hemolytic anemia, which is caused by the impairment of erythrocyte’s ability to remove harmful oxidative stress triggered by exogenous agents such as drugs, infection, or fava bean ingestion. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia caused by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is strongly associated with mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. Aim:To determine a level of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in healthy neonates.The 76.5% of all participants (n=205) was assessed 4.36±1.15 Ug/Hb in normal reference range of G6PD other 23.5% (n=63) was 0.96±0.51 Ug/Hb with G6PD deficiency. In the both sex, 51.5% of male 0.88±0.46Ug/Hb (n=33) and 47.6%of female (n=30) 0.97±0.55Ug/Hb was assessed with G6PDdeficiency. Developing Jaundice period in number of 63 neonates with G6PD deficiency, 85.7% of neonates (n=54)was in 24-72 hours, 4% of neonates (n=3) was in 5-7 days and there is no sign of jaundice in 9% (n=6).Therefore neonates with G6PD deficiency, 53.9% (n=34)contiuned jaundice more than two weeks.G6PD deficiency was determined in male neonates (51.5%) more than female(47.6%). The 76.5% of all participants (n=205) was assessed 4.36±1.15 Ug/Hb in normal reference range of G6PD other 23.5% (n=63) of all participants was 0.96±0.51 Ug/Hb with G6PD deficiency. It shows that G6PD might be one potential risk of neonatal jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia in neonates in Mongolia.

IntroductionThe aimag health statistics of 2009 shows that the cancer morbidity is 24.94 per 10000 populations,which is 1.6 times and the cancer mortality is 21.48 per 1000, 1.8 times higher than the national average respectively. Therefore, this research was carried out to study the KAP on breast and cervical cancers among the women of Sukhbaatar aimag for planning and implementation of actions meeting their needs.MethodologyIn total 570 women from Bayandelger, Dariganga, Ongon, Munhkhaan and Erdenetsagaan soums and 2 baghs of the aimag centre were involved in the study by random sampling.ResultsIn the study involved 570 women of 6 soums of Sukhbaatar aimag. The average age of the women is 33 1.0. Women with university education are 21.4%, with complete secondary education 44.3%, with incomplete secondary education 3.3%, with primary education 7.7%, and uneducated was 1.1%. Herding women composed 22.8% of the participants. The knowledge related to the age of the participants demonstrate higher level of knowledge on cancer among 35-44 year old women. By thereasons of involvement in the breast screening, 68% have not been examined in last 5 years, 10% have visited voluntarily and the rest participated as it was organised by their employees or by chance. The average score of the knowledge on cervical cancer was 7.8 or 30%. The women themselves assessed their knowledge on cervical cancer as poor. The responses given by respondents in the study of the signs of the cancer also demonstrate low level of knowledge. Also the women’s knowledge on early detection of the cancer is insufficient. The knowledge, attitude and practicce of local women concerning breast/cervical cancer, the factors affecting the screening, current needs and the level of health education were defined by this study and the findings of the study show that it is necessary to focus on improving the KAP of the target population on preventive acctivities and participation in screening and enhancement of related trainings.Conclusions:1. The knowledge of the women on breast and cervical cancers is generally low.2. The sources of information on the causes of breast and cervical cancers are scarce.1. The insufficient KAP towards screening and poor preventive behavior negatively affect early diagnosing of breast/cervical cancer.

BackgroundMonos Pharm LLC has been started production of Dentamon which is an elixir medicine for gumtissues and a oral cavity inflammation and consumer product has been under appreciated today since1998. Now days, as the technology develops, improved levels of consumer demand for consumptionand they want the product easier to use. In this study, sustainable refers to both the technology andstandardization characteristics of gel medicine for a new Dentamon or Dentos gels were prepared using20% ethanol extract for mixture of Chamaenerion angustifolium L, Stellera chamajasme L and Oxytropispseudoglandulosa which are pharmacological active for gum tissues and a oral cavity inflammation.GoalThe aim of this work was to standardize of Dentamon elixir gel medicine and make technological studyof Dentamon.Materials and MethodsThe present study included plant species which were Chamaenerion angustifolium L, Stellerachamajasme L and Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa. Those three medicinal plants were collected fromdifferent regions of Mongolia and samples their upper part of ground. The plants were used for thepurpose of their phytochemical analysis and technological study of gel formulation. For the contentof flavonoids, total coumarin and tannin in the gel and extract of those plants were determined byspectrophotometric method. The direct measurement of the microbiological climacteric was determinedin extract by according to Mongolian National Pharmacopeia and the viscosity property of gel medicinewas identified using viscometer.ResultsThis study has revealed the presence of photochemical considered as active medicinal chemicalconstituents. Chemical tests of the screening and identification of main active components in the plantsunder study were carried out in the ethanol extract (20, 40, 70%) and aqueous extract using generalextraction method. The tannin content of the upper part in water and three different concentrated ethanolextract was found to be (2.16±0.04%, 1.73±0.04%, 2.58±0.04% and 1.74±0.02%), respectively. Thetannin content of upper part in 40% of ethanol extract of the plants was 7.40±0.21% and coumarin contentwas 3.01+0.09% and the total flavanoids content were 0.70+0.03%. There were not detected Esherichiacoli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in plant extracts. The gelmedicine was prepared from concentrated plant extract using dispersion method and and gel formingmaterial selection using 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% of carbomer. The results from gel formulation assay,the 0.5% of the gel was turbid liquid state, and 1% of the gel was a colorless, clear liquid state, 1.5% gelwas colorless, created very clear and 2% gel was colorless but it was very dense. The pH condition ofthe 1% of Dentos gel was 7.6 and the viscosity property was 7400000 mPa/sec, the flavonoid contentwas 0.165%, the total coumarin content was 0.69 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcusaureus, Enterobacteriaceae did not detected. Dentos 1% gel was compared its pharmacological trialwith Hi Ora gel which is produced by Himalaya LLC. On the treatment 14 days, Dentos gel more reduced45.9% of wound area index than Hi Ora gel.ConclusionThe 40% ethanolic extracts of the studied plants contained many bioactive chemical constituentsincluding alkoloids, flavonoids, tannin and coumarin. The 1.5% of carbomer was most effectivefor make a new Dentos gel and also new generated gel was most effective against Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae. The new generated gel was standardizedby its appearance, viscosity property and content of coumarin, alkaliod, flavonoids and microbiologicalpurity characteristics.

Background. In Mongolia, 320-350 people died per year due to traffic accidents. About 193 people were died in road of rural area. According to statistic, focusing on the accidents’ reason, about 94.9 percent of accidents are caused by faulty operation of driver and 0.4 percent is caused by road condition. Goal. The purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of road condition on the route Ulaanbaatar- Baganuur, where traffic accident have frequently occurred and through that find solutions to relieve the traffic accidents.Materials and Methods. Traffic safety was evaluated with coefficient of traffic safety that defined as divide the safe speed of vehicle on the road with invisible area such as crest and sag vertical curve and horzintal curve to the speed of vehicles from opposide direction. The average speed of vehicle on hill by having invisible of road curve inside, the end of road ascent and the road section that broke road asphalt surface were determined by stability and steering dynamic calculation.Result. According to the study, on the route Ulaanbaatar-Baganuur, within last three years, about 37 accidents were occurred. Accidents and conditions on the 14 stretches where accidents have frequently occurred were studied and analyzed by repetition, location and road condition and similarity of neighbor points, so on the 14 stretches, the accidents were occurred frequently. From those accidents, 24 people died and 87 people were injured. Classifying the accidents with 14 stretches, about 14 percent of accidents were occurred on the end of road ascent; 28 percent on straight section; 35 percent on curve; 16 percent on broken surface section of road; 7 percent on the place that road asphalt surface was missed partially. Decreasing the average speed of vehicle to 54.6 km/h on hill by having invisible of road curve inside, 64.2 km/h on the end of road ascent and 51.5 km/h on the road section that broke road asphalt surface were required.Conclusion. The coefficients of traffic safety are had between 0.30-0.81 on the sections that required limiting the traffic speed. In other words, the technical environment of traffic accidents consists on some points of this road.

BackgroundThe works done during the research include: conducting photochemical study on the surface of the piece of land on which the medicinal herbs chosen as samples for the research grow; extracting dry infusion from plants; identifying main substance and antibacterial activity of dry infusion; conducting pilot pharmacological experiment with mineral samples.GoalBased on the results of these experiments, we aimed at finding out wound healing functions of Chelidonium majus. L, Stellerae chamaejasme.L etc, widely used in both conventional and modern medicine as well as of such minerals as Sinder, Zeolite, Tormohon, Baragshun after selecting from them.Materials and MethodsAlkaloid, a biologically active substance found in surface of plant land and dry infusion, was determined by titration method, alkaloids such as protopine and berberine by high performance liquid chromatography, coumarin and flavonoid by spectrophotometric method, the amount of infusible substance by scale method. The methodologies of Gatsura.N and Avtandilov.G.G were adopted to make artificial wound on skin and to heal a wound respectively.ResultsAs the research result shows, the surface of the area where Stellerae chamaejasme.L grow, contains 0.33% ±0.004 total coumarin, 0.19 % ±0.002 flavonoid and 37.14 % ±0.61 infusible substance while that of Chelidonium majus.L contains 0.19% ±0.003 total alkaloid, 0.12 % ±0.004 flavonoid, 0.09 % ±0.002 coumarin and 36.27%±0.74 infusible substance. After the infusion was extracted from Stellerae chamaejasme.L and Chelidonium majus.L through method of percolation with mixer, there were 16% and 14.5% dry substance remained in the infusions respectively. These figures were reduced to 12.6% and 11.4% after freezing them in -500C for 72 hours in dry freezing. The fact that total coumarin contained in dry infusion of Stellerae chamaejasme.L is 2.95% and protopine and berberine in that of Chelidonium majus.L, is 28 мг,% and 3.7 мг,% respectively meets the requirements for medicinal plant extracts. It was found during the pharmacological experiment of preparing 25% oil ointment composed of minerals including Sinder, Tormohon, Zeolite, Baragshun that zeolite was the highest effective mineral in healing a wound by wound index. Therefore, we chose zeolite as an ingredient of the wound ointment. Oil ointments of 6 variations with 5% and 10% content were prepared from the dry infusion as well as minerals of the study plants, and pilot pharmacological experiment was conducted on an experimental mouse that had an artificial wound. The result of the experiment proved that oil ointments with 5% content of Stellerae chamaejasme.L, Chelidonium majus.L and zeolite were more effective in healing the wound than others.ConclusionBy photochemical analysis, the chosen plants proved to be meeting the requirements for medicinal plants. Pilot pharmacological experiment showed that zeolite was the one that accelerated a wound healing process more efficiently than others. Oil ointments with 5% content of dry infusion and 5% of zeolite were effective in healing a wound quickly.