Introduction: An international study coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and published today in The Lancet Oncology shows that in 2001–2010, childhood cancer was 13% more common than in the 1980s, reaching an annual incidence rate of 140 per million children aged 0–14 years worldwide. Cancer incidence and mortality statistics reported by International Cancer Research Center (2016), over 300,000 children develop cancer worldwide each year, 215000 children aged 0-14 years and 85000 children aged 15-19 years. Internationally comparable data on childhood cancer incidence in the past two decades are scarce. Based on the need for comparison of childhood cancer incidence in Mongolia to the global level, the study aimed to categorize cancer among children aged 0-19 years. Goal: To study the insidence rates and trend from childhood cancer last 10 year in Mongolia Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 786 new cases childhood who were cancer diagnosed, between 2008 and 2017 year. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated by the direct method using age-specific incidence rates and weights based on the age distribution of the standard world population Results: Over the past 10 years, childhood cancer accounted for 1.5% of total cancer in Mongolia. By WHO and IARC data, worldwide childhood cancer age standardized rate (ASR) is 106.0, in Mongolia childhood cancer ASR (101.6) is lower than world average. The most common childhood cancers worldwide are: 1st leukemia, 2nd lymphoma, 3rd central nervous system cancer, 4th retinoblastoma, 5th soft tissue cancer. Over the past 10 years the most common childhood cancers in Mongolia are: 1st leukemia, 2nd central nervous system cancer, 3rd joint bone cancer, 4th lymphoma, 5th soft tissue cancer. Our country’s childhood cancer ASR is below compared to other countries, but expected growth rate is gradually increasing (3.0 per year). Conclusions
1. Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer in worldwide and also in Mongolia.
2. By sex, childhood cancer incidence is higher in boys than girls.
3. By age group, childhood cancer incidence is the highest in 0-4 age group.
4. By region, childhood cancer incidence is the highest in central region.
5. The overall incidence of childhood cancer (1 million children) in Mongolia is expected to increase by 3.0 over the next 5 years.

Stigmatization and discrimination against mental patients and their family members due to typical community misunderstanding about mental diseases are commonly occurred among population. Particularly, discrimination against alcoholic patients and stigmatization against theirfamily members are most common among Mongolian people, because prevalence of alcohol dependence problems is increased 2 times more in last decades. Our aim was to define current situation of stigmatization and discrimination against alcoholic patients. This survey has been conducted among total 90 inpatients with alcoholic problem, are have staying in National Center for Mental Health and Narcology Center. We conducted the study by descriptive and crossectional design.Totally 90 alcohol patients, aged 19-61 years were participated in our survey. 67 (74.4%) of them were male and 23(25.5%) were female and average age was 40.1±1.1. Level of job’s discriminationwas growingrelated to increasing the level of alcohol consumption (p<0.0016)and level of family’s stigma was growing related to increasing the level of alcohol dependence (p<0.0001). Most of patients (n=29), who are divorced from their couples were answering that main reason of their divorcing was alcohol problem and bad interfamily relationship.Furthermore, stigmatization and discrimination increasing due to increasing level of alcohol consumption (p<0.0001).Most of participants (60%; n=54) are answered, that stigma and discrimination against them were occurring from their family.

Goal: To determine schoolchildren’s growth and nutrition situationMaterials and MethodsThe descriptive and cross sectional study was carried out in 4 districts of Ulaanbaatar city (750 schoolchildren from each district) and 2 aimags (889 schoolchildren from Uvurkhangai and 925 from Dornod) of Mongolia. The study was conducted in two steps, Step 1 or beginning of school year covered totally 4760 schoolchildren and in end of school year totally 4108 schoolchildren. Data for the survey was collected by using questionnaire and clinical examintions and antropometric measurements. Weight of schoolchildren was used UNISCALE electrical scales with precision to 100g and height was used standard measurement with precision to 1mm. Schoolchildren’s growth was assessed by method “Sigma” and compared to the survey “Growth means of schoolchildren up to 16 years of Mongolia” (PHI, 2006). The nutritional status of schoolchildren were taken in accordance with the Z score calculated with relation to WHO average population anthropometric reference (WHO, 1995). Also determined current nutrition situation of surveyed schoolchildren by using 24 hours recall method and assessed. Nutrition assessment was used the standard indicators of Technical Committee, WHO [3, 7, 8].ResultsA total of 4760 (46.6% boys and 53.4% girls) school children were present beginning of the school year and 4108 (46.0% boys and 54% girls) of their were end of school year during the visit. Almost 60 of the total school children were from districts of UB beginning and end of school year. Beginning of the school year, 5.1 percent of total surveyed schoolchildren were assessed underweight and 14.1 percent is stunting, 1.7 percent is wasting and end of school year it was 4.7 percent underweight, 13.9 percent stunting and 1.2 percent wasting.71.7 percent of total respondents have breakfast sometimes, 83.2 of them have a lunch only one time per day, and 38.3 percent of total daily energy takes from dinner and have not any difference between age groups. Consumption of food products such as green vegetables, beef liver which are rich with vitamin A is inadequate. Example; among 7-10 years old 184.9 mcg, 11-14 years 247.2 mcg, above 15 years old was 241.6 mcg. Amount minerals such as calcium and phosphorium per day was among 7-10 years old 398.2mg and 756.1мг, 11-14 насанд кальци 277.8-301.5мг, фосфор 688.6-899.5мг, above 15 years old was calcium 366.4-378.3mg, phosphorium 875.3-978.8mg. Dairy consumption was analyzed by urban and rural areas among schoolchildren and it was among urban schoolchildren is more by 16.6-21.4 percent from rural areas.Conclusion:1. The progress made improving gradually the nutritional status of schoolchildren from previous study. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting is “low” level among schoolchildren by WHO. There is statistically significant lower nutritional status among schoolchildren in rural area than in urban.2. Micronutrient deficiency is main reason of undernutrition among schoolchildren. In other words, the vitamins (C, A, D), and minerals (Ca, Fe) which are essential for schoolchildren growth and fiber is insufficient in their food. The consumption of diary is inadequate among schoolchildren of rural area compared to urban.3. Consumption of fruits and vegetables and diary products is inadeguate among total surveyed schoolchildren especially in rural area.

National cancer center of Mongolia has responsibility to produce National cancer registry annual reportwhich is collected cancer reports from primary, secondary and tertiary level of government hospitals andprivate hospitals, laboratories. MCR and indicators of incidence and mortality are important for planningand evaluation of all levels for cancer control, primary prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine ASR and ASMRs of cancer incidence and deaths in Mongoliafrom 2008 to 2012 for comparing the results of data.Material and MethodsData on new cancer cases diagnosed in 2008-2012 in permanent residents of Mongolia, collected bycancer registry of the National Cancer Center, were used for the analysis. Incidence and mortality rateswere calculated as mean annual numbers per 100,000 residents. ASRs (Age-standardized incidencerate) and ASMRs (Age-standardized mortality rates) were calculated by the direct method from agespecificincidence and mortality rates, weighted to the World Population standard.ResultsFirst five most frequent cancers (liver, stomach, lung, esophagus, cervix uteri) comprise 76% of all newcancer cases.In males, the most frequent cancer site was liver, followed by stomach, lung, esophageal, colon andrectal cancer. In females, liver is in the first place, followed by stomach, cervical, lung, esophagealcancer.Mean annual crude incidence rate of all cancer sites was 155 per 100 000 population,in males 165, infamale 165 in 2008-2012 years.During this period, mean annual age-standardized incidence rate of all cancer sites was 218,3 per 100000 population, for male 258.9 in female 188.1with higher percentage of men.As we age, morbidity of the cancer increases approximately 2 fold in both sexes and also study revealsmen has more tendency to have cancer than women

Children under 5 years of age in developing countries are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition. Malnutrition affects 50% of hospitalized children and 25–70% of the critically ill children. Malnutrition interferes with the appropriate response of the body to disease and predisposes to infection and to the onset of multiorgan failure, increasing morbidity and mortality, the mean length of hospital stay, and health costs. Aim: A prospective cohort study of children admitted to the tertiary pediatric ICU between January 2009 and January 2014 was carried out. To assess the malnutrition type, and impact of nutritional status on outcomes like mortality rate, disease, complication in critically ill children.To the study were enrolled 138 children admitted to the pediatric intensive care units of the NationalCenter for Maternal and Childrens Hospital. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the MNUMS, and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Nutritional status was determined using Waterlow criteria.Total participants were 49.3% (n=68) of male, 50.7% (n=70) female. 138 children with a mean age 4.4 months ±3.6/ Std.Er/, min = 1 month, max = 12 months, mode = 1 month. n=70(50.7%) acute malnutrition, n=58(42%) chronic malnutrition by Waterlow criteria. In malnutrition group was assessed patient with ricket n=36 (26.1%), patient with anemia n=56(58.9%)While malnutrition is a major problem in pediatric intensive care units. Acute malnutrition moreoccurred in the pediatric intensive care.Malnutrition more occurring of intrauterine infection, genetic disorder, hematology disease’s patients.

Background: The American Heart Association estimates that more than 1 million people die each year from acute coronary heart disease and half a million from acute coronary syndrome, and that $ 115 billion a year is spent on diagnosing and treating coronary heart disease [Word Health Organization, 2013]. Goal: In this study we aimed to using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to diagnose unstable plaques in coronary artery disease. Material and methods: From 2018 to 2021, we performed a coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) scan with a Philips Ingenuity 64-slice computed tomography (64 MD-CT) device and examined 47 patients diagnosed with unstable coronary artery disease at the Reference centre on Diagnostic Imaging named after R.Purev State Laureate, People’s physician and Honorary professor of the State Third Central Hospital.
Common statistical measurements such as means and standard errors were calculated. Probability of results were checked using Student’s test. Result: In studying signs of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to diagnose unstable plaques in coronary artery disease that coronary artery diameters more widening to compared healthy artery 16(34.0%±6.9), low density sites clarify in plaque (lower than +30HU)- 14(29.8%±6.7), small calcification detect in plaque 36 (74.5%±6.4), ring liked additional density (lower than +130 HU) sees in edge of plaque (Halo sign)-9(19.2%±5.8), plaque edge roughness, erosion liked changes- 18 (38.3%±7.1), rupture of intima (dissection)- 8(17.0%±5.5). Conclusion We detect that computed tomography angiography (CCTA)’s specific signs of unstable plaque of coronary artery disease are coronary artery diameters widening, low density sites clarify in plaque (lower than +30HU), small calcification detect in plaque, ring liked additional density (lower than +130 HU) sees in edge of plaque (Halo sign), plaque edge roughness, erosion liked changes and rupture of intima.