Objective To assess the value of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (3D-CEUS) in evaluation of hepatic arteries variants.Methods Both two-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (2D-CEUS) and 3D-CEUS were used to assess 30 patients including living donor candidates and patients with upper abdomen tumors.The reference standard was operation or CTA or DSA or MRA,and the accuracy for detecting hepatic artery variants provided by the two methods was evaluated.Arterial anatomic types were defined by using Michels classification.Results The total accuracy for detecting hepatic artery anatomy types by 2D-CEUS was 40.0% (12/30),while 83.3% (25/30) by 2D-CEUS.For convention anatomy types the accuracy on 2D-CEUS and 3D-CEUS were 40.9%(9/22)and 90.9%(20/22),respectively.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).For anatomy variants types the accuracy on 2D-CEUS and 3D-CEUS were 37.5%(3/8)and 62.5%(5/8),respectively.No significant difference between these two methods was observed.Conclusion 3D-CEUS was a new method in diagnosis of hepatic arteries anatomy types with practical clinical value in evaluation of the living liver donors.

Objective To assess the feasibility of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonic cholangiography(3D-CEUSC) in cadaver liver.Methods The 3D-CEUSC was performed in 6 cases of cadaver liver.Image quality of 3D-CEUSC was evaluated.The visualization of branching orders,the degree of visibility and coincidence of morphous were compared with those of cholangiagraphy using fluoroscopy.Results The imaging quality of 3D-CEUSC was inferior to that of cholangiography with significant difference.The three-dimensional biliary tree structures were visualized in all 6 3D-CEUSC.The maximum visualization of branching orders in 3D-CEUSC was (3.67±0.52),which was equal to the results(4.00±0.63)by cholangiography (P=0.465).The degrees of visibility of biliary tree were equivalent with those by cholangiography in the first and second order with significant difference.The coincidence of morphous was excellent compared the images of 3D-CEUSC with direct X-ray cholangiography.Conclusion 3D-CEUSC is a new technique as a useful supplement to cholangiography in evaluation of biliary anatomy and variation before graft harvesting in LDLT.

Objective: To monitor the adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with combined attenuated live measles, mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR) in Huzhou City from 2015 to 2021, so as to provide insights into the implementation of the MMR immunization strategy. Methods: All AEFI caused by MMR immunization in Huzhou City from 2015 to 2021 were captured from the AEFI Monitoring Information Management System of the Immunization Planning System of Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the incidence, clinical features and epidemiological features of AEFI were analyzed descriptively. Results: The reported incidence of AEFI caused by MMR immunization appeared a tendency towards a rise in Huzhou City from 2015 to 2021 (χ2trend=124.126, P<0.001). Totally 324 386 doses of MMR vaccines were immunized, and 317 cases with AEFI were reported, with an reported incidence rate of 9.77/104 doses. Following two-dose immunization, the reported incidence of AEFI caused by two-dose MMR immunization was significantly lower than by one-dose immunization (6.01/104 doses vs. 25.43/104 doses; χ2=113.692, P<0.001). The incidence rates of general reactions, abnormal reactions and coincidental events were 6.20/104 doses, 3.42/104 dose and 0.15/104 doses, respectively. Fever and allergic rash were predominant clinical manifestations of AEFI, and no vaccine quality accident, inoculation accident or psychogenic reaction were reported. There were 246 (77.60%) cases with AEFI within 24 hours following vaccination, and among children with AEFI, there were 173 boys (54.57%), and 200 children (63.09%) age ages of less than one year (63.09%). AEFI was reported in each quarter, and 99 cases (31.23%) were reported in the fourth quarter. The largest number of children with AEFI was reported in Wuxing District (78 cases, 24.61%). Conclusions The safety of MMR vaccination is high in Huzhou City. General reaction is the predominant AEFI, which mainly occurs within 24 hours following vaccination. Two-dose MMR vaccination does not increase the risk of AEFI.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with inactivated influenza vaccine among the elderly in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into safety monitoring and evaluation of inactivated influenza vaccines. Methods: Data pertaining to surveillance on AEFI with inactivated influenza vaccines among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Huzhou City from 2020 to 2022 were collected from the AEFI Monitoring Information Management System of the Immunization Planning System of Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, including demographics, time of AEFI occurrence, classification of AEFI and clinical syndromes, and the reported incidence and epidemiological features of AEFI with inactivated influenza vaccines were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: Totally 84 elderly cases at ages of 60 years and older were reported with AEFI with inactivated influenza vaccines in Huzhou City from 2020 to 2022, with a reported incidence rate of 9.83/105 doses, and the reported incidence rates of AEFI with trivalent and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines were 9.74/105 doses and 48.71/105 doses, respectively. The reported incidence rates of general, abnormal, coincidence and psychogenic reactions were 7.96/105 doses, 1.52/105 doses, 0.23/105 doses and 0.12/105 doses, respectively, and no vaccine quality accidents or wrong vaccine administered were reported. The cases with AEFI included 52 women and 32 men, and most cases were aged from 60 to 69 years (44 cases, 52.38%). The highest incidence of AEFI was reported in Nanxun District (17.94/105 doses), and there were 79 cases (94.05%) with AEFI within 24 hours following vaccination. The clinical symptoms mainly included fever, local redness and swelling, and local induration, with reported incidence rates of 2.22/105 doses, 3.74/105 doses, and 1.99/105 doses, respectively. Conclusions The reported incidence of AEFI with inactivated influenza vaccines is low among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Huzhou City, with general reactions as predominant AEFI, and most AEFI occurs within 24 hours following vaccination.

OBJECTIVEThe sex therapy is not yet popularized at present. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of the improved sex therapy and oral sildenafil on erectile dysfunction (ED).

METHODSA total of 3130 Uigur cases of ED received in Xinjiang Bogda Hospital were divided into a control group (n=625) and a trial group (n=2505), the former treated with oral sildenafil alone, and the latter by the combination of the improved genital therapy and sildenafil, both for 3 months and followed up at 6 and 12 months after the treatment. The therapeutic effects were evaluated and compared using IIEF-5.

RESULTSThe IIEF-5 scores of the control group were 12.80 +/- 3.76 and 18.10 +/- 2.61 before and after the treatment, and 17.35 +/- 2.73 and 16.64 +/- 2.63 at 6 and 12 months, respectively, while those of the trial group were 12.73 +/- 3.52 and 19.06 +/- 4.07 before and af- ter the treatment, and 19.86 +/- 2.42 and 20.47 +/- 2.38 at 6 and 12 months, respectively, with statistically significant differences either between pre- and post-treatment (P < 0.05) or between the control and trial groups at 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combination of the improved sex therapy and oral sildenafil is superior to sildenafil alone in the treatment of ED, and its efficacy is relatively stable at 12 months.

Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; ethnology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Purines ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Sildenafil Citrate ; Sulfones ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of light transmission to measure focal cerebral ischemia in mice. METHODS: Persistent focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artey occlusion (MCAO) in mice. The brain were removed 24 h after MCAO and coronally dissected into 1 mm sections. Using a stereomicroscope, the brain section was illuminated with a halogen lamp and computerized images were stored. Next the brain sections were stained for 30 minutes with 0.5% TTC (2, 3, 5-triphenylterzolim chloride) at 37 degrees C. Using an image analyzer (AnalyPower 1.0), the infarct volumes obtained by light transmittance and TTC staining were calculated. Integrated gray scales of sections of both hemispheres were calculated by Photoshop 5.0. RESULTS: A close correlation existed between cerebral infarct volume measured by light transmission and TTC staining (r=0.81). The mean gray scales measured by both techniques of the ischemic hemispheres as well as those of the cortex, subcortex and hippocampus were siginificantly higher than those of non-ischemic hemispheres and of control mouse hemispheres (P <0.001). Further there were no significant difference between the two hemispheres of control mice and between hemispheres of control mice and non-ischemic hemispheres of the MCAO mice. CONCLUSION: Light transmission can be used for qualitative analysis of focal cerebral ischemia.

UNLABELLEDTo investigate the relationship between Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and semen quality.

METHODSFrom 2001 to 2003, 346 eligible patients aged 20-45 years were invited from two hospitals in Shanghai, China, to participate in an investigation which included questionnaires about general and reproductive health, an external genital tract examination, UU culture and semen analysis. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine whether UU had a significant effect on semen quality after adjustment for confounding factors.

RESULTSFindings suggested that UU infection was associated with higher semen viscosity and lower semen pH value. Sperm concentration was lower in UU positive subjects than that in UU negative subjects (54.04 X 10(6)/mL vs.70.58 X 10(6)/mL). However, UU did not significantly affect other semen quality indexes.

CONCLUSIONUU infection of the male genital tract could negatively influence semen quality.

Adult ; Clothing ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Semen ; physiology ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; physiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Testis ; anatomy & histology ; Ureaplasma Infections ; physiopathology ; Ureaplasma urealyticum

OBJECTIVETo evaluate an enzymatic method for determining serum beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-HB) with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) projects, and to discuss its clinical values in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

METHODSThe precision, accuracy, specificity, linearity and interference of the enzymatic method were analyzed. This method was used to determine serum beta-HB in 60 cases of normals, 50 cases of diabetes, and 34 cases of DKA by autochemistry analyzer.

RESULTSEnzymatic beta-HB assay was precise (within-run CV, day-to-day CV, and total CV < 5%). The linearity studies showed the method was linear up to 4 mmol/L. Recovery rate was 98.5%-104.1%. Hemolysis (Hemoglobin up to 18.2 g/L), icteric samples with total bilirubin up to 224 mumol/L, and lipemia up to triglyceride concentration of 2.28 mmol/L did not interfere with the beta-HB results in this method. Serum beta-HB levels were significantly elevated in DKA patients compared with DM patients and controls (P < 0.01). Positive rate of serum beta-HB in DKA patients was significantly higher than that of urinary ketone (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEnzymatic method is convenient and reliable, allows full automation, and is rapid enough to be used for both routine and urgent determinations of serum beta-HB. It can be used in diagnosing and monitoring treatment of DKA.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; blood ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Autoanalysis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis ; blood ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods of lesion localization and surgical treatment for non-palpable breast cancer, presented with only small calcification lesion on the images.

METHODSFrom November 2003 to August 2007, 61 patients with non-palpable lesion were finally pathologically diagnosed as early breast cancer (T1-2N0M0), based on the small calcification lesions shown by full field digital mammography (FFDM) through molybdenum target, and the rich blood supply shown by type-B ultrasonic examination. Accurate lesion-localization prior to surgical resection was conducted, and sample re-examination by FFDM was done after resection. Patients with single lesion underwent breast-conserving surgery, precise excision with the aid of image-guided wire localization, and stage I breast reconstruction was performed simultaneously using wide-based gland-tissue flap. Patients with multiple lesions received modified radical mastectomy.

RESULTSAmong the 50 patients treated with breast-conserving surgery, the accuracy of localization for lesions was 100% (50/50), and all lesions were excised completely with a negative margin proven by FFDM re-examination and pathological examination. The superior rate of mammaplasty was 86.0% (43/50) according to JCRT criteria, with a compliance difference of 1.5 cm. Modified radical mastectomy was performed in 11 patients. The follow-up period in this series was from 6 to 58 months with a mean follow-up time of 39 months. Distant metastases were detected in only one patient and local recurrence was not observed yet.

CONCLUSIONLesion localization by FFDM in patients with non-palpable breast cancer is accurate and practical. In patients with single lesion, breast-conserving resection followed by synchronous stage I breast reconstruction with wide-based gland-tissue flap is appropriate.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma in Situ ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; Mammography ; methods ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Palpation

The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative and objective method for evaluating neurological deficits in mice with focal cerebral ischemia. After middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), the neurological deficits were evaluated 24 h later. We measured the mean angles, dominant angles and turns in a hanged test in which the mice were sticked on the wall, and the holding angles in an inclined plane test as well, Then we determined the cerebral infarct volumes, neuron density in hippocampus, cortex and subcortical areas 24 h after MCAO. The correlations among infarct volume, neuron density and neurological deficits were analyzed. We also compared the quantitative method with two typical complex methods of behavioral assessment. The effect of [pranlukast, 4-oxo-8-[p-(4-phenylbutyloxy) benzoylamino]-2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-1-benzopyran hemihydrate] (ONO-1078), a neuroprotective agent, on ischemic injury was observed using this method. We found that the variables measured by both quantitative and typical behavioral methods significantly changed in the ischemic mice, and correlated with the infarct volumes and neuron densities. The quantitative variables well correlated with those of typical behavioral assessment, too. ONO-1078 inhibited ischemic injury and reduced the total scores of quantitative assessment. Thus, the quantitative method we developed is useful in evaluating neurological deficits of focal cerebral ischemia with the advantages of objectivity, quantification, simplicity and non-invasion, and can be used in the evaluation of neuroprotective effects of drugs.
Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Brain ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Ischemia ; etiology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Chromones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; complications ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Leukotriene Antagonists ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neurologic Examination ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use