Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; diagnosis ; genetics

Adult ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris ; diagnosis

PURPOSE: Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is well understood as an oncogenic virus in human tumors. Its association with breast cancers has been reported but is still in controversy. So we have examined the expression of EBV in breast cancers and evaluated the relationship between the well-known prognositc factors of breast cancer and EBV expression. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with patients who had been re-evaluated to confirm the diagnosis based on immunohistochemical analysis with EBNA-2 expression, between January 1991 and December 2002. The cases were assigned to the positive lesion that displayed 10% or more of immunoreactive cells. RESULTS: The expressions of EBNA-2(Ebstein Barr virus nuclear antigen - 2) were noted in 26 (21.1%) out of 123 cases of breast cancer patients and 4 (20%) out of 20 cases in a control group of benign tumors. The expression of EBV in breast cancers and that of a control group were not different significantly. But, the correlation between the expression of EBNA-2 and ER status was noted statistically significant (P=0.040). CONCLUSION: Judging from the results of our study, EBV infection detected in breast cancer seems to be latent and the association of EBV to breast cancer is less likely related.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans ; Oncogenic Viruses ; Retrospective Studies

Infectious mononucleosis is most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) and is a self-limited but occasionally life-threatening. Its peculiar characteristics are sore throat, cervical lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Recently, the age of primary EBV infection is becoming late in Korea due to socioeconomic development. So the authors retrospectively reviewed the cases of infectious mononucleosis. The results of clinical and laboratory findings suggest that infectious mononucleosis should be considered as a cause of pharyngotonsillitis and the assessment of viral capsid antigen(VCA) IgM is necessary for the diagnosis of this disease.
Capsid ; Diagnosis ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infectious Mononucleosis* ; Korea ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Pharyngitis ; Retrospective Studies

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesviridae Infections ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma ; classification ; immunology ; pathology ; virology

Animals ; Bites and Stings ; virology ; Cats ; Child ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; diagnosis ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lymphadenitis ; diagnosis ; virology ; Male

OBJECTIVETo study the role of flow cytometry (FCM) in detection of polymorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD).

METHODS AND RESULTSTwo patients presented with fever and multiple lymphadenopathy on day 46 and day 50 respectively after successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The symptoms couldn't be controlled by antibiotics. The polymorphic PTLD was diagnosed based on the elevation of bone marrow EB virus DNA and detection of subsets of light chain restricted B cells and/or plasma cells in peripheral blood (PB) samples. The lymphocyte immunophenotypes from PB and/or bone marrow (BM) samples were serially tested by FCM after lowering the dose of immunosupressive agents and treating with antivirus drugs, anti-CD20 antibodies, and cytotoxic T cell infusion. B cells were undetable in two patient, but monoclonal plasma cells appeared or maintained. One patient died after two weeks. Another patient was still on treatment. B cells and plasms cells couldn't be detected in her PB, but there were monoclonal plasma cells in her BM. FCM have a prominent advantage in detect polymorphic PTLD, since it can effectively recognize different cell groups in blood and identify monoclonal subsets. Besides, the immunophenotype of plasma cells in polymorphic PTLD might be different from that in typical plasma cell myeloma.

CONCLUSIONPolymorphic PTLD can be detected and followed up by FCM. BM is more suitable than PB for monitoing the disease. Besides lymph node biopsy, B cell abnormaliity could be detected in PB in allo-HSCT patients.

B-Lymphocytes ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; Flow Cytometry ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the etiology, laboratory findings and prognosis of secondary HPS, so as to enhance the understanding of the secondary HPS and the related factors affecting prognosis, reduce the misdiagnosis and to understand the factors that affect the prognosis.

METHODSThe etiology, laboratory findings and prognosis of 61 patients with secondary HPS were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSUnivariate analysis showed that TG, FIB, SF, ANC, ALB, TBIL, ALT, LDH were significantly different between the 2 groups of the patients with secondary HPS. Multiariate factor analysis showed that the LDH and the etiology affected the prognosis of the patients with secondary HPS. The prognosis of the patients with elevated LDH, viral infection, especially EB virus infection, tumor and unknown causes might be poor.

CONCLUSIONSThe etiology and clinical characteristics of prognosis are diverse. The cause needs to be identified as soon as possible. The prognosis should be judged according to LDH and other indicators. Then, targeted therapy should be used to control the disease in the short time.

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; pathology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is a relatively uncommon type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is prevalently distributed in Asia and South America, and is highly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Due to its highly aggressive course and poor response to treatment because of its multi-drug resistance, for the timebeing there is not yet a definite treatment strategy. The clinical manifestation, pathological diagnosis and the progress of treatment methods of ENTNKCL are reviewed below.
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; complications ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; diagnosis ; therapy ; virology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV) in children and to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of CAEBV.

METHODSThe clinical data of 13 children with CAEBV, as well as 15 cases of acute EBV infection (AEBV) as controls, were analyzed, including clinical manifestations, EBV antibodies, EBV DNA, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets.

RESULTSBoth groups of patients had infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms such as fever, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenectasis, but CAEBV patients had a longer course of disease and continuous and recurrent symptoms. Compared with the AEBV group, the CAEBV group had a significantly higher EBV DNA load in peripheral blood (P<0.05), a significantly higher VCA-IgG titer (P<0.05), and significantly lower numbers of white blood cells, lymphocytes, B cells, total T cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood (P<0.05). Among 13 CAEBV patients followed up, 8 cases died, 2 cases showed an improvement, 2 cases had a recurrence, and 1 case was lost to follow-up after being transferred to another hospital. All the AEBV patients were cured and had no recurrence during the one-year follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe clinical manifestations of CAEBV vary in children. It is difficult to distinguish CAEBV from AEBV early. More attention should be paid to CAEBV because of its severe complications, poor prognosis, and high mortality. Measurement of EBV DNA load, VCA-IgG titer, and lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood may be helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of CAEBV.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; diagnosis ; immunology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Male