The assessment of epithelial changes in gastric mucosal biopsies has been one of the major problems caused by inconsistencies in and disagreements about nomenclature and interpretation. To resolve these issues, members of the Study Group for Pathology of Digestive Diseases reviewed microslides of 50 gastric lesions showing varying degrees of mucosal abnormality and reached the following consensus; 1) the proliferating gastric epithelium can be divided into hyperplastic and neoplastic; 2) the term "dysplasia" is reserved for the microscopic epithelial changes that are unequivocally neoplastic; 3) Biopsy specimens can be categorized as regenerative(negative for dysplasia), indefinite(questionable dysplasia), positive(positive for dysplasia) and overt carcinoma; 4) The positive category can be divided into two subgroups, high grade dysplasia and low grade dysplasia. Criteria for each grade are presented and discussed. We offer these guidelines for establishing the correct diagnosis of the gastric mucosal biopsy specimens and for prospective studies.
Biopsy ; Consensus ; Diagnosis ; Epithelium ; Pathology*

Epithelium ; pathology ; Humans ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology

Adenomas of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (NPCE) are often clinically indistinguishable from amelanotic malignant melanomas of the ciliary body or metastatic carcinomas. This paper reports a case study of a distinctive variant of adenoma of the NPCE, which clinically appears as epiretinal membrane in the macular region. Histopathologic studies have revealed this is an adenoma of the NPCE. Identification of this clinic feature is important because it will miss the diagnosis of the adenoma of the NPCE. In this case study, B-scan ultrasonography as well as computerized tomography (CT) has been used to provide help in diagnosing the ciliary body tumor. Because of their anterior location in the ciliary body, partial lamellar sclerouvectomy is an effective method of treatment.
Adenoma ; pathology ; Adult ; Ciliary Body ; pathology ; Epithelium, Corneal ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye ; pathology ; Uveal Neoplasms ; pathology

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Aged ; Ciliary Body ; pathology ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Uveal Neoplasms ; pathology

Skene's duct cyst in the adult is rare lesion. A 40-year-old woman was referred with a chief complaint of dysuria. Examination of the external genitalia revealed a 1 cm cystic mass on the right side of the urethral orifice. VCUG, ultrasonography and cystourethroscopy showed no abnormal findings. A surgical excision was decided as it was considered that the most probable diagnosis was a Skene's duct cyst. The pathology report showed the cyst wall was lined by stratified squamous epithelium and confirmed the clinical diagnosis of Skene's duct cyst.
Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Dysuria ; Epithelium ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Pathology ; Ultrasonography

Adenoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye ; pathology ; Uveal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between changes of corneal epithelium and subbasal nerves in non-Sjogren dry eye using in vivo confocal microscope (IVCM) and self-reported clinical symptoms. METHODS: The present study included 40 patients with dry eye and 18 healthy control subjects. The dry eye group underwent an evaluation of dry eye symptoms using visual analogue scale (VAS) score and was subdivided into 2 groups; score 0-5 as the low VAS score (LVS) group and score 6 - 10 as the high VAS score (HVS) group. The tear film break-up time, fluorescein staining, Schirmer test and microstructural imaging of epithelium, and subbasal nerve at cornea center with IVCM were performed on both eyes of each patient. Twenty-three normal eyes and 54 eyes of dry eye patients were included in the study. Cell densities and morphological characteristics were analyzed using ImageJ and NeuronJ softwares. RESULTS: Both LVS and HVS groups had decreased cell density of superficial, intermediate, and basal epithelium (p < 0.001). Intermediate epithelial cells were more decreased in the dry eye group with more severe symptoms (p < 0.0001). Subbasal nerve density (p < 0.005) was more decreased and nerve beadings, tortuosity, and reflectivity increased in the HVS group than both LVS and control groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The alterations of corneal cellular level in dry eye patients visualized using IVCM are correlated with pathology and clinical symptoms and may be useful objective criteria in diagnosis and monitoring treatment efficacy.
Cell Count ; Cornea ; Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Microscopy, Confocal* ; Pathology ; Tears ; Treatment Outcome

proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the most common cause of failure in retinal reattachment surgery. Three different procedures were performed in 20 pigmented rabbits to devise a simple model to induce experimental PVR. Rabbits were assigned randomly to three groups (I, II, and III). Group I rabbits (5 rabbits, 10 eyes) rereived normal saline into the vitreous cavity, after an iatrogenic retinal tear was made. In group II rabits (8 rabbits, 8 eyes), a suspension of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid from the left eye was transferred into the vitreous cavity of the right eye. In group III rabbits (7 rabbits, 7 eyes), a suspension of RPE and choroid from the left eye was transferred into the vitreous cavity of the right eye after an iatrogenic retinal tear was made. The fundus was observed for 2 months with an indirect ophthalmoscope. The incidence of retinal detachment in group I was zero (O/IO), that of group II was 37.5% (3/8), and that of group III was 85.7% (6/7). Electron microscopic findings of the vitreous strand of one eye of group II showed a central melanocytic core, peripheral fibroblasts, and intercellular collasen fibril. Electron microscopic findings in one eye of group III revealed a subretinal membrane composed of suspected RPE and glial cells.
Animals ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/pathology ; Rabbits ; Retinal Diseases/*etiology ; Vitreous Body/pathology

Patients with bilateral nasal vestibule area swelling of 1 week, no obvious pain and symptoms of nasal congestion, bilateral nasal vestibule area was highly uplifted, nostril was significantly smaller, both sides existed a palpable 2. 0 cm × 2. 2 cm and 2. 0 cm × 2. 0 cm cystic mass. Ultrasound showed both sides of the nasal bonehad cystic lesions. Sinus CT showed local quasicircular soft tissue shadow at the bottom of bilateral piriform aperture. The postoperative pathology report: the cystiform tissue is covered with squamous epithelium, infiltration of inflammatory cells could be seen and is consistent with the diagnosis of bilateral nasalvestibular cyst.
Cysts ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology

Actins ; metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endometriosis ; pathology ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Hamartoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth ; pathology ; Stomach Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology