Background: Epilepsy is a chronic disease, the incidence of epilepsy was from 5/1000 to 10/1000 population. In developed countries the rate of epileptic patients are managed much higher than in developing countries due to the differences in socioeconomic conditions as well as understanding of epilepsy. In Vietnam, few epidemiological studies about epilepsy were published. Objectives: To reveal the prevalence of epilepsy in a rural community in Viet Nam and the relation between the prevalence and age, career, level of education, economic condition of the patient. Subjects and method: This was a cross-sectional described study. Door \ufffd?to \ufffd?door survey based on WHO\u2019s questionnaires was conducted by neurologists and student of Faculty of Public healthy of Hanoi Medical University on people at Phu Linh commune, Soc Son district, Hanoi city. Data was processed by SPSS 10.0 program. Results: Periodic prevalence was 7.5\ufffd?(5.5\ufffd?was active epilepsy). Generalized epilepsy: 79.66%, focal epilepsy: 16.95% indeterminate epilepsy: 3.39%. There was a significant relation between education and prevalence of epilepsy. Conclusion: Periodic prevalence of Epilepsy in Phu Linh (2003) was 7.5\ufffd? Toninco-colonique seizures were dominant. A significant relation between number of epileptic patients and level of education was found.
Epilepsy/ epidemiology ; Prevalence ;

The study used WHO's questionnaire to identify the prevalence of epilepsy and its causes in Thai Bao commune of Gia Binh distric, Bac Ninh province, a community with high risk of cysticercosis infection. Results: There were 71 cases (41 men, 30 women) out of 6617 people living in the country suffering epilepsy. The prevalence of epilepsy was 10.7%, 52 cases were active epilepsy. The lowest age group suffering epilepsy were under 10 years old (5.7%), increased in higher age group and significantly increased at over 40 age group (over 17%). 64.79% of patients had generalized seizures, 23.94% had partial seizures and 11.27% of patients had unclassifiable seizures. Age groups under 10 and 41-50 had high risk of epilepsy onset. 49.3% (35/71 patients) had risk factors causing epilepsy, out of them 14 were due to neurocysticercosis. 62% patients were examined, managed and treated
Epilepsy ; Epidemiology ; Cysticercosis

China ; epidemiology ; Epilepsy ; complications ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of epilepsy in Jinshan--a rural area of Shanghai and to provide data for development of protocol on prevention and therapy of epilepsy.

METHODSStratified cluster sampling was used in Zhujing town, Jinshan district, Shanghai in 2000. In a door to door survey, all inhabitants in the study area were interviewed on seizures using a standardized protocol to include all new cases with epilepsy.

RESULTSThe crude prevalence of epilepsy was 3.11 per thousand among the population size of 48,628 and the adjusted prevalence was 3.62 per thousand with 3.65 per thousand in male and 2.50 per thousand in female. The prevalence rates of males were more than that of females in both places. Two peaks of epilepsy prevalence in Jinshan district Shanghai were noticed: in the age groups of 10 - 30 years old and older than 60 years. The highest prevalence appeared in rural area was 3.70 per thousand, much higher than that 2.45 per thousand in town.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of epilepsy in this district was lower than that in other districts of China.

Age Factors ; China ; epidemiology ; Epilepsy ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Sex Factors

Autistic Disorder ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Comorbidity ; trends ; Epilepsy ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male

We tried to investigate the incidence and the clinical profile of intractable epilepsy with hippocampal atrophy and ictal onset zones located in areas other than the hippocampus (extra-medial-temporal epilepsy; EMTE). We included patients who had hippocampal atrophy confirmed by MRI but with extra-medial-temporal ictal onset zones as verified by invasive intracranial electrodes or video-EEG monitoring. The case histories, interictal EEG, ictal semiology, other MRI findings in addition to hippocampal atrophy, and results of ictal SPECT and PET scans were evaluated. Results were compared with those of surgically proven medial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal atrophy recruited during the same period. 8.5% of the intractable epilepsy patients with hippocampal atrophy had extra-medial temporal epileptogenic zones. A history of encephalitis and hemiconvulsion-hemiparesis were significantly common in the EMTE group. Most of the interictal EEGs of EMTE patients showed extratemporal irritative zones. MRI, ictal SPECT, and FDG-PET seemed to be helpful at localizing the true epileptogenic zones. The predominant EMTE seizure type was focal motor seizure with secondary generalization. Some portion of intractable epilepsy patients with hippocampal atrophy had extra-medial-temporal epileptogenic foci and careful analysis of semiology and neuroimagings could yield clues to correct diagnosis.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy/physiopathology ; Epilepsy/epidemiology* ; Epilepsy/diagnosis ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/epidemiology ; Hippocampus/pathology* ; Human ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Emission-Computed ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; complications ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Seizures, Febrile ; complications ; epidemiology ; genetics

PURPOSE: To investigate the origin of frontal lobe dysfunction identified by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). METHODS: We included 85 patients with unilateral MTLE and 34 patients with neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy (NTLE). We included only MTLE patients who postoperatively became seizure free at least for 1 year. Comparisons were made on the WCST performance between MTLE and NTLE and between preoperative and postoperative test in MTLE. Standardized regression based (SRB) methodology was used for correcting test-retest bias. RESULTS: 1) There were no significant differences in frontal lobe dysfunction defined as more than 17 perseverative errors between MTLE (64%) and NTLE (76%). 2) No significant differences in WCST performance between MTLE and NTLE were noted, except in categories completed (p=0.05). NTLE achieved significantly fewer categories than MTLE. 3) The proportions of patients with MTLE who postoperatively showed a clinically meaningful improvement on WCST performance were higher than those who displayed a significant decline. In case of perseverative responses, 52% of patients with MTLE postoperatively showed an improvement whereas 18% displayed a decline. 4) Postoperatively, mean values of perseverative responses and total errors were significantly decreased (p<0.05). 5) Significant negative correlations were found between preoperative WCST performance and postoperative SRB change scores for WCST (r=-0.3~-0.4, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results could not be explained by any one of 'neural noise' or 'hippocampal' hypothesis. Our data suggest that poor WCST performance in patients with MTLE might be attributed to dysfunction of neural system including both hippocampus and frontal lobe cortex. Further studies are needed to make new hypothesis.
Bias (Epidemiology) ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Frontal Lobe ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe* ; Wisconsin*

OBJECTIVE: To describe the distribution and trend of infantile epilepsy among infants under 36 months in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. METHODS: Using the birth cohort design, we retrospectively collected the local born infants in Ningbo national health information platform from 2015 to 2019, and took the first visit of epilepsy in the electronic medical record of the platform as the new case. The incidence density and 95% confidence interval (CI) of epilepsy were estimated by Poisson distribution. RESULTS: From 2015 to 2019, a total of 294 900 children were born in Ningbo, with male accounting for 51.92%. The total person-years of observation were 595 300, while the median follow-up person-years was 2.31 [interquartile range (IQR): 1.90]. There were 575 new onset epilepsy patients during the whole observation period. The total number of visits was 2 599, with an average of 4.52. The total incidence density was 96.59/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 88.85-104.82). The median age of onset was 13 months (IQR: 15), 0-12 months old infants had the highest incidence density (102.18/100 000 person-years), 25-36 months old infants had the lowest incidence density (89.68/100 000 person-years), and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The incidence density of male was 97.58/100 000 person-years, female was 95.53/100 000 person-years, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Fenghua was the highest (130.54/100 000 person-years, 95%CI: 94.47-175.83) and Ninghai was the lowest (66.44/100 000 person-years, 95%CI: 47.02-91. 19), with significant difference (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence density in different birth years (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the incidence density between 0-12 months old infants in different calendar years (P_trend < 0.05). In this age group, the incidence density was the lowest in 2015 (69.41/100 000 person-years, 95%CI: 41.79-108.39), and the highest in 2019 (225.61/100 000 person-years, 95%CI: 186.10-271.03). There was no significant difference in the incidence density between 13-24 and 25-36 months old infants in different calendar years (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The incidence density of epilepsy in 0-36 months old infants in Ningbo City from 2015 to 2019 was low as a whole, and there was no difference in age group, gender, and year of birth. The incidence density of 0-12 months old infants increased with the year.
Child, Preschool ; Cities ; Epilepsy/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo find out the rate of comorbidities of depression, anxiety disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with epilepsy and to analyze the relevant affecting factors and impacts on quality of life.

METHODTotally 142 children with various types of epilepsy underwent neuropsychological assessment with the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders and the ADHD Rating Scale-IV, an 18-item parent-rated questionnaire based on the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, the quality of life was measured in 100 cases on antiepileptic medications by the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-31). The comorbidity rates were calculated using t-test, chi(2) test and multiple logistic analysis, the variables associated with psychiatric comorbidities were determined, and the impact on quality of life was analyzed.

RESULT(1) The total rate of emotional and behavioral comorbidities was 57.7% (82/142), the frequency of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder and ADHD was 14.8%, 44.4% and 17.6%, respectively. The suicidal ideation occasionally occurred in 5.6% of the cases and 0.7% of cases often had the ideation, but no suicidal action was found in any case. (2) Risk factors for the emotional and behavioral disorders: multiple logistic analysis indicated that age, gender and epilepsy illness-related variables were not relative to the comorbidities, P > 0.05, there were interactions among the disorders. (3) The impact on the quality of life: The emotional and behavioral conditions were associated with the low quality of life, which was significantly lower in epileptic children with co-morbid disorder compared to non-comorbidities epilepsy group. Especially negative impact on the total score of quality of life and four sub-items such as overall quality, emotional well-being, cognitive and social function, P < 0.001. There were also significant differences between the two groups in the other three sub-items including fear for seizure attack, energy/fatigue and medication effects (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe frequency of emotional and behavioral disorders including depress disorder, anxiety disorder and ADHD was considerably high in children with epilepsy. Age, gender and epilepsy illness-related variables are not associated with the emotional and behavioral comorbidities, which interfere with each other. Emotional and behavioral disorder is one of the negative factors to the quality of life in epileptic patients. Neuropsychological assessment and treatment are important for improvement of the quality of life in children with epilepsy.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child Behavior Disorders ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Comorbidity ; Emotions ; Epilepsy ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires