We reported an 8-year-old boy with panscleritis in left eye and right epididymitis after falling on the ground. Etiologic diagnosis played a key role in this case. Systemic examinations ruled out systemic autoimmune diseases, tumors, and infections as the cause of scleritis and suggested that the disease was caused by a local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by ocular trauma and was non-infectious. Still, the right epididymitis was infectious. Both conditions were treated successfully using steroids and antibiotics, respectively. Thus, early etiologic diagnosis and reasonable treatment are crucial to prevent visual loss.
Male ; Humans ; Child ; Epididymitis/complications* ; Eye Injuries/complications* ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications* ; Scleritis/etiology* ; Face

Under the direct endoscopic manipulation, 15 internal urethrotomies in 14 cases with urethral stricture were applied at our department from March to August, 1983. Following results were obtained: 1. The cause of 14 cases hospitalized, were injury in 13 cases and tuberculosis in one. The sites of urethral stricture were anterior urethra in 8 cases and posterior urethra in 6. The managements before applying direct visual internal urethrotomy were dilatation in 1 case having tuberculous urethral stricture and initial cystostomy just after in 13 cases. In 3 cases of them, Otis internal urethrotomy and urethroplasty had performed in one previously. 2. The length of urethral stricture estimate on preoperative retrograde urethrogram was less than 0.5cm in 3 cases, 0.6 to 1.0 cm in 5, 1.1 to 2.0 cm in 2, and 2.1 to 3.0 cm in 4, all of them were less than 3.0 cm. 3. The periods of catheter indwelling postoperatively were less than 3 days in 6 cases, 4 to 7 days in 7 and more than 8 days in only one, predominantly less than 7 days in 13. 4. The maximum flow rates were excellent or improved postoperatively. Voiding cystourethrogram was more valuable than retrograde urethrogram in urethral stricture. 5. Epididymitis in 1 case and urethral bleeding in 2 as postoperative complications were present. These results implied that the visual internal urethrotomy was a valuable method as the management before deciding to perform urethroplasty.
Catheters ; Cystostomy ; Dilatation ; Epididymitis ; Hemorrhage ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Tuberculosis ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture*

Abscess ; etiology ; Epididymitis ; complications ; Genital Diseases, Male ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Scrotum ; pathology

A comparative analysis was made in 115 cases of TUR and 38 cases of open surgery in benign prostatic hyperplasia from March 1982 to December 1988.The results were as follows: The mean duration of operation was 84 min in TUR and 112 min in open surgery. The mean weight of resected tissues was 15.9em in TUR and 34.8gm in open surgery. The number of patients who needed transfusion were 74 of 115 in TUR(64%) and 35 of 38 in open surgery. Mean periods of postoperative hopitalization wee 9.1 days in TUR and 15.3 days in open surgery. Intraoperative complications were massive bleeding(5.2%), perforation of prostatic capsule(2.6%), hyponatremia(0.9%) in TUR and massive bleeding( 10.5%) in open surgery. Postoperative complications were unable to void, bleeding, incontinence, epididymitis, pyelonephritis and urethral stricture in TUR and bleeding. incontinence, epididymitis, pyelonephritis, vesicocutaneous fistula and wound infection in open surgery. Total complication rate was 26.1% in TUR and 28.9% in open surgery.
Epididymitis ; Fistula ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Pyelonephritis ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urethral Stricture ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: The twenty-six F sized continuous running irrigation transurethral resection (TUR) system has showed a relatively high risk for inducing postoperative urethral stricture in Korean men. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of recently available 22F continuous running irrigation TUR system for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of seventy patients with severe symptomatic BPH underwent transurethral prostatectomy (TURP). The 26F system was used in 31 cases and the 22F system was used in 39 patients. The total resection weight, the resection rate, and the intraoperative and immediate postoperative complication rates were compared between the 2 groups. The patients were followed for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 3 months postoperatively to check for the development of urethral stricture. RESULTS: The total resection weight was 14.8+/-9.5gm in the 22F group and 11.2+/-10.2gm in the 26F group (p>0.05). The resection rates were 0.24+/-0.10gm/min and 0.19+/-0.11gm/min, respectively. The rate of urethral stricture requiring any type of management was 15.4% (6/39) in the 22F group and 38.7% (12/31) in the 26F group (p<0.05). Visual internal urethrotomy was performed in 2.6% (1/39) and 9.7% (3/31) of the patients, respectively. Other complications were 1 capsular perforation, 1 TUR syndrome, 1 epididymitis and 1 delayed bleeding in the 22F group, and 1 intraoperative fever and 1 epididymitis in the 26F group. CONCLUSIONS: TURP using the 22F continuous running irrigation system enabled the surgeon to resect prostate adenoma with a similar speed and effectiveness as compared with the 26F system, and it significantly reduced the risk of urethral stricture. Performing TURP with using this system can be considered as a first line therapy for the BPH patients who require surgery.
Adenoma ; Epididymitis ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Running* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urethral Stricture

PURPOSE: To evaluate the etiology and treatment of options in patients with hematospermia, we performed endoscopy of the seminal vesicles in 37 patients with hematospermia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients were evaluated with either transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) or endorectal MRI. Mean age was 47.1 years (range 28-68 years) with duration of infliction being 37 months (range 3 months to 10 years). When the patients who had the definite abnormalities on the imaging studies and did not improve by medications for more than 3 months, transutricular seminal-vesiculoscopy using 6Fr or 9Fr rigid ureteroscope was performed. Patients were followed for more than 3 months after the endoscopic treatment. RESULTS: Hemorrhage was found in the seminal vesicles and the ejaculatory ducts in 23 (62.2%) and 3 (8.1%), respectively. Calculi were present in the seminal vesicles and the ejaculatory ducts in 6 (16.2%) and 2 (5.4%), respectively. Prostatitis was present in 9 (24.3%) patients. All patients except one reported improvement of hematospermia. Postoperative complications including epididymitis or retrograde ejaculation were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our series is the first large-scale experience of the seminal vesicle endoscopy in vivo. Transutricular seminal vesiculoscopy can be performed easily with conventional endoscopic equipment. The endoscopic evaluation and management of the hematospermia is a viable clinical option.
Calculi ; Ejaculation ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Endoscopy ; Epididymitis ; Hemorrhage ; Hemospermia* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostatitis ; Seminal Vesicles ; Ultrasonography ; Ureteroscopes

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of transurethral coagulation and incision of the ejaculatory duct for hematospermia caused by ejaculatory duct cyst and obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with hematospermia were enrolled. Ejaculatory duct cyst or obstruction was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound or MRI, revealing seminal vesicle hypertrophy and cystic dilated ejaculatory ducts. One patient had hematospermia associated with infertility. The mean age of the patients and their duration of symptoms were 42.7 years (range, 25-67 years) and 16 months (range, 1-60 months), respectively. All patients underwent transurethral management for treatment of their ejaculatory duct obstruction in the form of incision and coagulation of the ejaculatory duct. We used a 9.5 Fr rigid ureteroscope (Stortz(R), Germany) and a Bugbee electrode. Patients were followed for more than 3 months after the procedure. RESULTS: All patients reported improvement of hematospermia and disappearance of midline cysts, except for one patient. The one case, ureteroscope failed to pass through verumontanum. A ejaculatory duct cyst was found in 18 cases. Calculi were present in the seminal vesicle and ejaculatory ducts in 7 patients and were removed with endoscopic instruments. One infertile patient regained reproductive ability after the procedure. Postoperative complications, such as epididymitis, orchitis, or retrograde ejaculation were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Transurethral incision and coagulation was a safe and effective treatment option for hematospermia caused by ejaculatory duct obstruction and is considered to be a successful treatment option for infertility secondary to ejaculatory duct obstruction.
Calculi ; Ejaculation ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Electrodes ; Endoscopy ; Epididymitis ; Hemospermia ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Infertility ; Male ; Orchitis ; Postoperative Complications ; Seminal Vesicles ; Ureteroscopes

Epididymitis is the most common of all the intrascrotal inflammations. It is mainly a disease of adults, and only rarely affects the prepubertal child. 107 cases of epididymitis seen during the period from January 1975 to June 1978 were studied. Clinically and the following results were obtained. 1. Incidence of epididymitis is 14.72% of all urological diseases of all in patients. 2. Lateralization shows 35.5% in the Right, 43% in the Left and 21.5% in the both. 3. The site of invasions is the most popular in the tail(50.7%). 4. The etiologic factors are observed the infection(non-specific 37.7%. Tuberculosis 20.8%) trauma (post-surgical 13.8%, injury 10.8%), and idiopathic(16.9%). 5. The surgical procedure followed by epididymitis is the most common in the hydrocelectomy (22.2%), next in the vasectomy(16.7%). Of presenting symptom, painful epididymal swelling is observed in 37.1%, painless epididymal swelling 16.7 %, inguinal dragging pain 258 and fever 6.8%. 6. The operation indicated in the epididymal mass(35.5%), scrotal fistular and abscess formation(22.6%), severe scrotal pain(19.4%), recurrent infection(16.1%) and epididymorchitis(6.4%). 7. In 76 cases of them conservative management are performed and in 31 cases of them surgical management are performed. The surhical procedure is the most common in partial epididymectomy(19.4%). 8. The epididymal open biopsy for differential diagnosis on the scrotal swelling are performed in 26 cases of the outpatients. The tuberculous epididymitis is the most common(26.9%), 9. The postoperative complication is noted the further increased epididymal induration in 16.1%, oligospermia in 9.7%, persistent inguinal dragging pain in 6.6% and wound infection in 3.2%. 10. The duration of hospitalization are average 15 days but on the surgical cases, within 2-3weeks are noted in 38.7%. On the conservative management cases, more than 4 weeks are noted in 28.9%.
Abscess ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epididymitis* ; Fever ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Male ; Oligospermia ; Outpatients ; Postoperative Complications ; Tuberculosis ; Urologic Diseases ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of endoscopic management for recurrent hematospermia, we performed transurethral endoscopy of the seminal vesicles in patients with recurrent hematospermia, despite the administration of oral medication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients were enrolled this study. Initially, all patients were treated with oral antibiotics for 6-8 weeks. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and/or MRI were performed to find the anatomic abnormality and its relation with pelvic organs. The mean patient age and duration of symptoms were 43.9 years (range 24-64 years) and 21.3 months (range 1-108), respectively. We used a 6.5Fr. rigid ureteroscope and/or 14Fr. endoureterotomy instruments for the seminal vesiculoscopic examination. Patients were followed for more than 12 months after the procedures. RESULTS: An endoscopic seminal vesicle examination was able to be successfully performed in all patients. A midline cyst was found at 10 cases, which were fulgurated. Endoscopic incisions or dilation of the ejaculatory duct were performed in all patients. An ejaculatory duct stone was found at 5 cases, and removed endoscopically. All patients reported improvement of hematospermia after the procedure, and 3 with perineal discomfort became symptom free. Postoperative complications, such as epididymitis, orchitis and ejaculatory abnormalities, were not observed in any patient. CONCLUSIONS: Transurethral endoscopic interventions of the seminal vesicles can be performed easily with a conventional 6.5Fr. rigid ureteroscope and/or 14Fr. endoureterotomy instruments. Transurethral endoscopic managements were effective and safe treatment options in recurrent hematospermia patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Endoscopy ; Epididymitis ; Hemorrhage ; Hemospermia* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Orchitis ; Postoperative Complications ; Semen ; Seminal Vesicles ; Ultrasonography ; Ureteroscopes

A clinical observation was made on 136 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia, admitted to the department of Urology, National Medical Center during the period from January 1970 to December 1981. The result are summarized as follows: 1. Incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia was 6.1% to 2,226 total in-patients, 10.3% to 1,315 male in-patients and 23.3% to male in-patients 50 years old or more. 2. Majority of cases Was found in 7Ih and 8th decades (78.6%) with mean age of 68.9 years old. 3. Seventy one patients (52.2%) suffered from urinary retention prior to admission. 4. Mean interval elapsed from initial symptoms to visit was 26.8 months. 5. Method of operative treatment included 68 suprapubic prostatectomy, 10 retropubic prostatectomy and 5 T.U.R. 6. Mean weight of removed adenoma was 42.6 gm in suprapubic prostatectomy and 34.7 gm in retropubic prostatectomy. 7. Mean amount of blood transfusion was 700 ml in suprapubic prostatectomy, and 224 ml in retropubic prostatectomy. 8. Mean period of catheter drainage was 11.9 days in suprapubic prostatect0my, 13.3 days in retropubic prostatectomy and 5.4 days in T.U.R. 9. Mean duration of postoperative hospitalization was 17.8 days in suprapubic prostatectomy, 15.8 days in retropubic prostatectomy and 8 days in T.U.R. 10. Postoperative complications were delayed healing with suprapubic fistula, wound infection, prolonged bleeding 14 days or more, temporary incontinence, epididymitis, unable to void and pneumonia, in suprapubic prostatectomy and prolonged bleeding, wound infection, temporary incontinence and unable to void in retropubic prostatectomy.
Adenoma ; Blood Transfusion ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Epididymitis ; Fistula ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urinary Retention ; Urology ; Wound Infection