Submerged implants require secondary surgical uncovering of implants after healing period of 3 - 6 months. In surgical methods, there are surgical scalpel, tissue punch, electro-surgical, and laser-used uncovering, and laser-used uncovering, and so forth. The objectives of this study are investigation and assessment of 1) thermal change in clinical application for uncovering of HA-coated implant and pure titanium implant irradiated by pulsed Nd-YAG. CO2, and Er-YAG laser. 2) surface change of cover screws after irradiation using laser energy. The temperature of apex & side wall of implants were recorded at 10sec, 20sec, 30sec after 30sec irradiation to implant healing screw; 1) pulsed Nd-YAG laser; 2W, 20pps, contact mode 2) CO2 laser; water-infused & non-water infused state, 2.5-3.5W, contibuous mode, noncontact mode 3) CO2 laser; non-water-infused state, 3W, superpulse, noncontact mode 4) Er-YAG laser; (1) non-water infused state, 10pps, 60mj, contact mode (2) water-infused state, 10pps, 60mj, 80mj, 101mj, contact mode According to the results of this study, pulsed Nd-YAG laser is not indicated because of increase thermal change and pitting of metal surface of implant cover screw. By contrast, CO2 laser & Er-YAG laser are presumed to indicate because of narrow range of thermal change & near abscence of thermal damage of metal surface. Dental laser is thought to be much helpful to surgical procedure when it is used as optimal power and time condition considering characteristics and indications of each laser. Further research is needed to verify that these techniques are safe and beneficial to implant success.
Lasers, Gas ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Titanium

The purpose of this article is to present the clinical and laboratory procedures for single tooth restoration using "Combination Implant Crown". It is cemented on implant abutment and that abutment is screw-retained over implant body. This type of implant restorations has the advantages of cement-retained restoration while being antirotational and retrievable. And, more esthetic and functional result can be achieved by minimizing the size of access hole. The results were as follow : 1. Preparation of abutment below the cuffline should be avoided 2. Axial reduction of implant abutment should not be excessive because it may weaken the abutment 3. More esthetical and functional occlusal surface was achieved with a minimal access hole which is slightly larger than the diameter of hex driver to enable future total retrievability. 4. Combination Implant Crown has the advantages of both the cement-retained and screw-retained type implant restoration. 5. Cementation between implant crown and abutment reduces screw loosening through even force distribution.
Cementation ; Crowns* ; Tooth*

The Purpose of this article is to present a clinical case report for palateless complete denture. Despite the contravacy of palatal uncoverage in upper complete denture, palateless complete denture has some merits for upper edentulous patient. Following the uncovering of the palatal portion, the patient became easy to talk and restored the lost good tastes. He is happy despite of the decrease of the retention of the upper complete denture. Palateless complete denture is a compatible alternative for upper edentulous patients in cases of gagging, large palatal torus and restoring the lost good tastes. The clinical points are as follows : 1. The remaning alveolar ridge should be ovoid and have enough width and height for the support and retention. 2. The patient must have strong wish to the palateless complete denture. 3. Palatal beading made on the palatal peripheral border give good border sealing of the palatal flange and minimaized the prominence of the denture flange. 4. The peripheral border of the palatal flange should be reduced as thin as possible for more comfort. 5. Upper artificial posterior teeth should be arranged over the alveolar ridge crest and inner incline of the buccal cusp relieved for denture stability while chewing. 6. For stability of palateless complete denture, bilateral balanced occlusion should be sttained. Palateless complete denture will restore the lost good tastes and more comfortable and physiologic to upper edentulous patients and a good alternative to full palatal coverage complete denture in the properly selected cases.
Alveolar Process ; Denture Retention ; Denture, Complete* ; Dentures ; Gagging ; Humans ; Mastication ; Tooth

PURPOSE: Patients with neurogenic bladder ultimately undergo morphometric and functional changes of their bladder and urethra. As a result, voiding symptoms such as frequency, nocturia, urgency and incontinence appear Propiverine hydrochloride(BUP-4) is a benzylic acid derivative with musculotropic antispamodic activity and moderate anticholinergic effect. We evaluated the clinical and urodynamic effects of BUP-4 for patients with neurogenic urinary frequency and incontinence MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty six patients with neurogenic bladder suffering from urinary frequency and incontinence(including 5 placebo) were given 20mg of BUP-4 orally a day and its clinical and urodynamic effect were evaluated. RESULTS: In the group treated with BUP-4 for four weeks, 57.9% in 19 patients with frequency, 53.3% in 15 nocturia, 50.0% in 14 weak stream, 55.6% in 9 intermittency, 50.0% in 10 dribbling, 64.3% in 14 urgency, 55.6% in 9 hesitancy, 73.7% in 19 incontinence showed improvement of their symptom. Urodynamic study performed after treatment with BUP-4 for 4 weeks or more revealed greater than 10% increase in bladder capacity compared to pretreatment study in 11 patients out of 21(52.4%) and their maximum bladder capacity increased significantly from 181.7+/-101.3 to 249.4+/- 184.7mL(p=0.012). Maximum detrusor pressure decreased from 52.5+/-35.6 to 50.9+/- 26.8cmH2O(p=0.010). Changes in compliance and volume on the first urge sense were statistically insignificant. In placebo group, no significant symptomatic and urodynamic improvement were reported. Side effects of the drug had appeared in 7 patients(33.3%) out of 21 after 4 weeks of treatment -5 cases of dry mouth and 2 cases of nausea - but they were not severe enough to stop the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The use of BUP-4 in patients with neurogenic bladder results in improvement of symptoms and urodynamic profile(bladder capacity and maximum detrusor pressure). Thus, BUP-4 could be used as one of the first line drugs in the treatment of patients with neurogenic bladder.
Compliance ; Humans ; Mouth ; Nausea ; Nocturia ; Rivers ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic* ; Urodynamics*

Sorafenib is widely used for unresectable and metastatic hepatocellular carcinomas. Radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) is an acute inflammatory reaction confined to previously irradiated skin that occurs after the administration of certain drugs. RRD after sorafenib treatment is rare; five cases have been reported thus far. We describe a 44-year-old man irradiated for chest wall bone metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma. Eight days after radiotherapy completion, systemic therapy for metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma was initiated with sorafenib treatment. Eleven days after starting sorafenib, the patient complained of erythematous rash with pruritus in the chest wall, in a location consistent with the previous radiation field. Sorafenib was continued at the same dose, despite the RRD. The skin reaction subsided over the next 2 weeks without any medical intervention.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pruritus ; Radiodermatitis* ; Radiotherapy ; Skin ; Thoracic Wall

Sorafenib is widely used for unresectable and metastatic hepatocellular carcinomas. Radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) is an acute inflammatory reaction confined to previously irradiated skin that occurs after the administration of certain drugs. RRD after sorafenib treatment is rare; five cases have been reported thus far. We describe a 44-year-old man irradiated for chest wall bone metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma. Eight days after radiotherapy completion, systemic therapy for metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma was initiated with sorafenib treatment. Eleven days after starting sorafenib, the patient complained of erythematous rash with pruritus in the chest wall, in a location consistent with the previous radiation field. Sorafenib was continued at the same dose, despite the RRD. The skin reaction subsided over the next 2 weeks without any medical intervention.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pruritus ; Radiodermatitis* ; Radiotherapy ; Skin ; Thoracic Wall

The cause of most cases of erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is unknown. There have been extremely rare reports, clinicopathologically compatible with EAC, occurring in a family. A case of annular erythema, which was indistinguishable from EAC, occurred in a 5-month-old girl and her mother. We propose to consider this a separate entity, `familial annular erythema', rather than take into any familial cause of EAC.
Erythema* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Mothers

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status and the basic information of cumulative traumatic disorder among workers. METHOD: The subjects were 198 workers, consisted of 100 shipspublisher workers, 155 telephone operators and 43 light workers. Workers were surveyed with a standardized self- administered questionnaire and examed by the occupational medicine doctors and physiatrists for the cumulative traumatic disorders. Laboratory tests, nerve conduction studies and X-rays of the C-spine and shoulders were performed in all subjects. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Myofascial pain syndrome was the most frequent problem in the shipspublisher and telephone operators. As a result of the multiple logistic regression analysis, cycle time, palm pinch, lumbar and neck flexion were the significant variables accounting for the musculoskeletal symptoms.
Logistic Models ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes ; Neck ; Neural Conduction ; Occupational Medicine ; Prevalence* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Shoulder ; Telephone

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether stress experienced by those working in the local civil service was related to their oral health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A survey was conducted on 431 civil servants from eight districts, currently working in the Daegu City Hall had COVID-19 related work duties during the pandemic. Results: Several factors associated with oral health related quality of life were explored. Demographic details revealed that men had significantly better oral health related life quality as compared to women; further, being younger, being unmarried, and having a lower position had better outcomes for oral health related quality of life. Regarding the relationship between oral health behavior and oral health related quality of life, it was found that the better the subjective oral health, the higher the rate of not visiting the dentist in the past year. The COVID-19 pandemic has been a particularly important time to explore in order to understand how the stress experienced by local government officials is related to their oral health. It has been especially noted that the higher the work stress, the worse the oral health related quality of life amongst individuals. Conclusions Results of this study emphasize that at a time when fatigue among civil servants is increasing due to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, oral conditions caused by stress should be identified and greater awareness should be created about oral health care.

BACKGROUND: Propofol has an antioxidant capacity and can be used for ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. However, the effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells have not been established. METHODS: Kupffer cells were isolated and cultured from male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells were evaluated by a phagocytosis assay, TNF-alpha gene expression, TNF-alpha production, and superoxide anion release after administering propofol in different concentrations on the cultured Kupffer cells. RESULTS: The latex bead phagocytosis by the Kupffer cells was suppressed when the Kupffer cells were exposed to propofol irrespective of concentrations. Higher propofol concentrations decreased the loss of Kupffer cells after latex bead phagocytosis. Propofol induced TNF-alpha mRNA expression in the Kupffer cells, but the mRNA expression level after 50microgram/ml of propofol decreased. The pattern of TNF-alpha mRNA expression induced by propofol was different to that induced by LPS: TNF-alpha mRNA was expressed continuously in the propofol-treated cells until 16 hours after exposure to propofol, whereas the level of TNF-alpha mRNA expression induced by LPS was evident after 2 hours and was not found thereafter. TNF-alpha production after propofol treatment was not higher than that of the control. Formazan precipitation did not show any qualitative differences between cells untreated or treated with propofol concentrations of 0.5, 5.0, and 50microgram/ml. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that propofol might inhibit Kupffer cells. This suggests that propofol can be used for patients with ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver.
Animals ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Kupffer Cells* ; Liver* ; Male ; Microspheres ; Phagocytosis ; Propofol* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; RNA, Messenger ; Superoxides ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha